Last. fm
URL	www.last.fm
Commercial?	Yes
Type of site	Statistics & Community
Registration	Free, or subscribe for £1. Uniform Resource Locator is an URI which also specifies where the identified resource is available and the protocol for retrieving it 50 per month ($3 USD)
Available language(s)	Multilingual (12)
Owner	CBS Interactive
Created by	Communal
Current status	Active

Last. In the Philosophy of language, a natural language (or ordinary language) is a Language that is spoken or written in phonemic-alphabetic or phonemically-related CBS Interactive (formerly CBS Digital Media Group is the division of the CBS Corporation which has responsibility for programming and ad sales for CBS fm is a UK-based internet radio and music community website, founded in 2002. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Internet radio (also known as web radio, net radio, streaming radio and e-radio) is an audio Broadcasting service transmitted via Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. A virtual community, e-community or online community is a group of people that primarily interact via communication media such as Newsletters It claims over 21 million active users based in more than 200 countries. ^[1] On 30 May 2007, CBS Interactive acquired Last. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. CBS Interactive (formerly CBS Digital Media Group is the division of the CBS Corporation which has responsibility for programming and ad sales for CBS fm for £140m ($280m USD). See also Pound (currency.The pound sign (" £ " or " ₤ " is the symbol for the Pound sterling —the currency of the The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been ^[2]

Using a music recommendation system known as "Audioscrobbler," Last. Recommender systems form a specific type of Information filtering (IF technique that attempts to present information items ( movies, Music, Books fm builds a detailed profile of each user's musical taste by recording details of all the songs the user listens to, either on the streamed radio stations or on the user's computer or some portable music devices. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. This information is transferred to Last. fm's database ("scrobbled") via a plugin installed into the user's music player. An audio player is a kind of media player for playing back Digital audio, including Optical discs such as CDs SACDs DVD-Audio The profile data is displayed on a personal web page. Personal web pages are World Wide Web pages created by an individual to contain content of a personal nature The site offers numerous social networking features and can recommend and play artists similar to the user's favourites. A social network is a Social structure made of nodes (which are generally individuals or organizations that are tied by one or more specific types of interdependency such as

Users can create custom radio stations and playlists from any of the audio tracks in Last. fm's music library, and are able to listen to some individual tracks on demand, or download tracks if the rightsholder has previously authorised it. A music library contains music-related materials for patron use Registration is required to acquire a profile but is not necessary to view any part of the site or to listen to radio stations.

Contents 1 History 2 Funding and staff 3 Features 3.1 User accounts 3.2 Subscriber accounts 4 Artist pages 5 Music catalogue 5.1 Independent artists and record labels 5.2 Previews and free downloads 6 Tags 7 Charts 7.1 Global charts 8 Last.fm radio 8.1 Last.fm Player 8.2 Other players 9 Audioscrobbler plugin 9.1 List of supported media players 9.2 Supported audio players (hardware) 10 Other third party applications 10.1 Last.fm supported applications 10.2 Other Applications 11 Blog 12 Similar services 13 See also 14 References 15 Further reading 15.1 Press 16 External links

History

The current Last. fm website was developed from two separate sources: Audioscrobbler and Last. fm, which were merged in 2005.

Audioscrobbler began as a computer science project by Richard Jones while he attended the University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science in the United Kingdom. Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the Science of the theoretical foundations of Information and Computation and their The University of Southampton is a university situated in the city of Southampton, on the south coast of England. ^[3] Jones developed the first plugins, and then opened an API to the community, after which many music players on different operating system platforms were supported. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination Audioscrobbler was limited to recording music its users played on a registered computer, which allowed for charting and collaborative filtering.

Last. fm was founded in 2002 by Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel, Michael Breidenbruecker and Thomas Willomitzer, all from Austria and Germany, as an internet radio station and music community site, using similar music profiles to generate dynamic playlists. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The "love" and "ban" buttons allowed users to gradually customise their profiles. Last. fm won the Europrix 2002 and was nominated for the Prix Ars Electronica in 2003. The EUROPRIX Multimedia Award was started by the Austrian presidency in 1998 as a EU member states initiative supported by the European Commission DG Enterprise and The Prix Ars Electronica is one of the most important yearly prizes in the field of electronic and Interactive art, Computer animation, digital culture ^[4]

The Audioscrobbler and Last. fm teams began to work closely together, both teams moving into the same offices in Whitechapel, London, and by 2003 Last. Whitechapel is a built-up Inner city district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. fm was fully integrated with Audioscrobbler profiles. Input could come through an Audioscrobbler plugin or a Last. fm station. The sites also shared many community forums, although a few were unique to each site.

On 9 August 2005, the old Audioscrobbler site at the audioscrobbler. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. com domain name was wholly merged into the new Last. In Computer networking, a domain name is a name given to a collection of network devices that belong to a domain which is an administrative space managed according fm site. On 5 September 2005, audioscrobbler. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. net was launched as a separate development-oriented site. However, at the very bottom of each of the new Last. fm pages there still remains an Audioscrobbler "slogan", which changes each time the page is refreshed. A slogan is a memorable Motto or Phrase used in a Political, commercial, Religious and other context as a repetitive expression of Based on well known sayings or advertisements, these originally appeared at the top of the old Audioscrobbler website pages and were all created and contributed by the original site members.

On 14 July 2006, an update to the site was made. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. This update included a new software application for playing Last. Application software is a subclass of Computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform fm radio streams and for logging of tracks played with other media players. Other changes included: improvement of the friends system and updating it to require a two-way friendship; the addition of the Last. fm "Dashboard", where users can see on one page relevant information for their profile; expanded options for purchasing music from online retailers; and a new visual design for the web site (including an optional black color scheme). Online shopping is the process consumers go through to purchase products or services over the Internet. The term graphic design can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation In Color theory, a color scheme is the choice of Colors used in Design for a range of media

Within the community reactions to the new visual design were mixed. Opinions were also divided between those who welcomed the introduction of more social features and those who argued that technical issues (such as an incompatibility with Internet Explorer 7 and other known bugs) should have priority. With over 10 million tracks "scrobbled" each day, the popularity of the site at peak times often causes the databases to overload, with consequent delays in updating personal charts and other data.

On 15 July 2006, a Japanese version of the site was launched. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities Currently, the site is available in various other languages, including German, Spanish, French, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Swedish, Russian, Turkish and Simplified Chinese. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages.

As of December 2006, Last. fm teamed up with EMI on Tuneglue-Audiomap. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in ^[5]

In October 2006, the site won Best Community Music Site at the BT Digital Music Awards, and in January 2007 it was nominated for Best Website in the NME Awards. Community Music is an Album by British band Asian Dub Foundation, released on 20 March, 2000 Track listing BT Group plc (formerly British Telecommunications plc) which trades as BT (ˌbiːˈtiː bee tee) (previously known as British Telecom and still Digital audio uses Digital signals for Sound reproduction. This includes analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, storage The NME Awards are an annual music awards show founded by the music magazine NME (New Musical Express

At the end of April 2007, rumours of negotiations between Viacom and Last. Viacom ( ( short for " Vi deo & A udio Com munications" is an American Media conglomerate with various worldwide interests fm emerged, suggesting that Viacom intended to purchase Last. fm for about £225 million. ^[6]

In May 2007 it was announced that Channel 4 Radio is to broadcast a weekly show called Worldwide Chart that reflects what Last. Channel 4 Radio is a radio brand launched by Channel 4 in January 2007 a wholly state owned Public corporation in Public broadcasting and film production fm users around the world are listening to. There are also plans to add a video section, enabling users to create their own personalised video channels.

On 30th May 2007 it was announced that Last. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. fm has been bought by CBS for £140 million with Last. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. fm's current management team staying in place. A management team is directly responsible for managing the day-to-day operations (and Profitability) of a Company. ^[7]

On 18 April 2008, Last. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common fm lost temporary control of their datacenter. On their website they announced "Due to issues beyond our control, we have lost all power to our datacenter. Unfortunately Last. fm will be offline until further notice. Please bear with us as we scramble to catch exploding DC/AC inverters. . . stay tuned, we'll be restoring regular service as soon as possible. Thanks for your patience. "^[8]

Last. fm is blocked in the United Arab Emirates by Etisalat along with other social networking sites. Etisalat is one of the largest Telecommunications companies in the world and the largest operator in the Arab world headquartered in the UAE (as per FT500

Funding and staff

Last. fm Ltd is funded from the sale of online advertising space, monthly user subscriptions and donations. Online advertising is a form of Advertising that uses the Internet and World Wide Web in order to deliver Marketing messages and attract customers In 2004 the company received the first round of angel money, from Peter Gardner, an investment banker who was introduced to the founders as early as 2002. An angel investor or angel (known as a business angel or informal investor in Europe) is an affluent individual who provides capital for a business Investment banks profit from companies and governments by raising money through issuing and selling Securities in the Capital markets (both equity and A second round was led by Stefan Glaenzer (joined by Joi Ito and Reid Hoffman), who bought into Michael Breidenbrueckers shares as well. more commonly known as Joi Ito, is a Japanese Activist, Entrepreneur, and Venture capitalist. Reid Hoffman (born August 5, 1967) is an American Entrepreneur and Angel investor. In 2006 the company received the first round of venture capital funding from European investors Index Ventures, whose General Partners Neil Rimer and Danny Rimer also joined Last. Venture capital (also known as VC or Venture) is a type of Private equity capital typically provided to immature high-potential growth companies fm's board of directors, consisting of Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel and Stefan Glaenzer (Chair). ^[9]

There are currently more than 80 staff members, all of whom are currently based in East London, except for Edouard Brière, who lives in Sweden. East London is the name commonly given to the north eastern part of London, England on the north side of the River Thames. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.

Features

User accounts

The free user account includes access to all the main features listed below. Users in a Computing context refers to one who uses a computer system Registered Users are also able to post in the Last. fm forums, send and receive private messages and use the Last. fm client music player.

• Profile: A Last. fm User can build up a musical profile using any or all of several methods: by listening to their personal music collection on a music player application on a computer or an iPod with an Audioscrobbler plugin, or by listening to the Last. fm internet radio service, either with the Last.fm client, or with the embedded flash player. Internet radio (also known as web radio, net radio, streaming radio and e-radio) is an audio Broadcasting service transmitted via The Adobe Flash Player is a widely distributed proprietary multimedia and application player created by Macromedia and now developed and distributed by Adobe All songs played are added to a log from which personal top artist/track bar charts and musical recommendations are calculated. Data logging is the practice of recording sequential Data, often chronologically. See CategoryBar chart templates for Wikipedia templates to make bar charts A calculation is a deliberate process for transforming one or more inputs into one or more results with variable change They call this automatic track logging scrobbling.

Last. fm automatically generates a profile page for every user which includes basic information such as their user name, avatar, date of registration and total number of tracks played. This can be customised with additional information or photographs if desired but the fundamental layout cannot be changed. There is also a Shoutbox for instant messages. A shoutbox, saybox, tagboard, or chatterbox is a chat -like feature of some Websites that allows people to quickly leave messages Profile pages are visible to all, together with a list of top artists and tracks, and the 10 most recently played tracks. Each Users' profile has a 'Taste-o-Meter' which gives a rating of how compatible your music taste is.

Profile pages can also include lists of friends, weekly musical "neighbours", favourite tags, groups and events. An optional customisable playlist may be also added, with tracks that the user wishes to share or promote. Other features include the ability to remove songs listened to within a 2 week timeframe, navigation to linked profiles (such as friends and musical neighbours) and a list of individual users' favourite albums.

A customisable display of Recently Played tracks, is now available via web services, allowing users to add them to blogs, MySpace or as forum signatures. A Web service (also Web Service) is defined by the W3C as "a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction A blog (a contraction of the term " Web log " is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary descriptions of MySpace is a popular social networking Website offering an interactive user-submitted network of friends personal profiles blogs groups photos music and An, or message board, is a Bulletin board system in the form of a discussion site

• Recommendations: The most recent expanded service on Last. fm is a revamped personal recommendations page known as "The Dashboard". This is only visible to the user concerned and lists suggested new music, events, journal entries and other people with similar tastes, all tailored to the user's own preferences.

Recommendations are calculated using a collaborative filtering algorithm so users can browse and hear previews of a list of artists not listed on their own profile but which appear on those of others with similar musical tastes. Collaborative filtering (CF is the process of filtering for information or patterns using techniques involving collaboration among multiple agents viewpoints data sources etc In Mathematics, Computing, Linguistics and related subjects an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions often used for Calculation The page also lists music that has been directly recommended to the user and groups the user belongs to, journals written by users about artists the user listens to, and other users who have listened to similar music recently. There is also a 'recommendation radio' station which will play music specifically filtered based on the user's last week of listening. Last. fm also permits users to manually recommend specific artists, songs or albums to other users on their friends list or groups they belong to, providing the recommendation in question is included in the Last. A contact list is a collection of screen names in an Instant messaging or E-mail program or Online game or Mobile phone. fm database.

• Groups: Last. fm allows the formation of user groups between users with something in common (for example, fans of an artist, a genre of music, or membership of another internet forum). A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other An, or message board, is a Bulletin board system in the form of a discussion site Groups may be linked to artists and countries. Any user may start a group and add members. Most groups are open to all, but membership may be subject to approval by the Group Leader. Last. fm will generate a group profile similar to the users' profiles, showing an amalgamated set of data and charting the group's overall tastes. Individual groups have their own discussion forums and journal space, and a group radio station based on members music profiles is automatically generated once a sufficient number of members have joined. Group members are also able to submit recommendations of artists or tracks to all the other members of their group.

• Events : With the October 2006 update, 'events'-functionality was added, which lets users specify a location and a radius from the location, then suggests gigs or festivals that that user may want to see in the area. Users can set themselves as attending an event.

Any registered user may add a new venue or event which will then be listed on the band or artist's main page, together with other details if available. There is also a facility to submit reviews and photographs of past events.

Subscriber accounts

Last. fm offers paid accounts, costing £1. The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency 50, €2. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e 50, $3 or ¥350 per month. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been ^[10] Some of the extra features that paid users receive are:

• No advertisements
• More radio options (custom radio stations for a user and loved tracks radio)
• The ability to view recent visitors to one's own profile page
• Beta testing at beta.last.fm
• User icon changes colour from grey to blue, and states "Subscriber"
• Priority on Last. Software testing is an Empirical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test, with respect to the fm server

Artist pages

Once an artist has had a track or tracks "scrobbled" by at least one User, Last. fm automatically generates a main artist page, even if there is no music available for streaming on the radio. This page shows details of the total number of plays, the total number of listeners, the most popular weekly and overall tracks, the top weekly listeners, linked groups and journals, a list of similar artists, most popular tags and a shoutbox for messages. There are also links to events, additional album and individual track pages and similar artists radio. If the artist has music available for streaming or download an embedded flash player is also included with samples of the most popular tracks.

Official music videos and other videos imported from YouTube may also be viewed on the relevant artist and track pages. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees

Users may add relevant biographical details and other information to any artist's main page in the form of a Wiki. Edits are regularly moderated to prevent vandalism. Vandalism is the behaviour attributed to the Vandals in respect of Culture: ruthless Destruction or spoiling of anything beautiful or Venerable A photograph of the artist may also be added. If more than one is submitted, the most popular is chosen by public vote. User submitted content is licensed for use under the GNU Free Documentation License. The GNU Free Documentation License ( GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a Copyleft License for free documentation designed by the Free Software

Last. fm currently cannot disambiguate artists with the same name; a single artist profile is shared between valid artists with the same name. [1]

Music catalogue

Last. fm's music library contains well over 3. 5 million individual audio tracks and past and present albums from artists on all the major commercial labels. Users are not allowed to upload copyrighted audio files but commercially available albums are regularly added by Last. fm staff. Most currently popular and other well known artists have tracks available for streaming, although there are significant gaps in coverage and the most recent releases are not always added immediately. The music catalogue includes a wide variety of genres including classical, opera and musicals, as well as many little known and specialist recordings which are no longer generally available.

In February 2007 Warner Music, the world's third-largest music company, announced that it had signed a deal to allow its entire catalogue to be played on Last. Warner Music Group (WMG is the third-largest of the "big four" major record labels, the others being Sony BMG, EMI, and Universal fm. ^[11] Warner's music will shortly be made available over Last. fm's service in Europe and North America. The site's co-founder, Martin Stiksel, said they were also in talks with the other three major labels and content holders.

On 9 July 2007, it was announced that Last. Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. fm had also signed a deal with the Sony BMG record label. Sony BMG Music Entertainment is a diverse music and entertainment group In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music The partnership will give the service's users access to the entire Sony BMG catalogue of music.

Independent artists and record labels

Independent record labels and unsigned artists are encouraged to promote their music on Last. The Independent Record (often abbreviated to IR) is a daily paid-for Newspaper printed and distributed in Helena Montana. The term " unsigned artist " is used in the Music industry to refer to a Singer, Songwriter, Musician, or band that has no fm, because the filtering and recommendation features mean that the music will be played for users who already like similar artists. Labels and artists can upload their own music for streaming and Last. fm provides access to weekly airplay statistics, with facilities for promoting individual artists or tracks. Labels and artists may choose whether their music is to be made available for streaming only, or for purchase or free download.

Previews and free downloads

30-second previews of any of the streamable tracks are available on demand, from anywhere in the site, by clicking on the grey arrow next to the name of the track or artist. Some tracks are also available to preview in full if the label or artist has specifically authorized it; these are indicated by black arrows. (All tracks are played in full when users listen to appropriate stations).

In October 2006, Last. fm brought back its free download service which allowed users to download select tracks as specified by the artist or the label. The service only includes tracks on "indie" labels or by bands who upload their own material, although some artists who have since moved onto a major label such as Coheed and Cambria and My Chemical Romance have kept their free songs available for download. Coheed and Cambria is an American Progressive metal band formed in New York. My Chemical Romance (often shortened to MCR or' My Chem') is an American alternative / post-hardcore quintet that formed in 2001 More than 100,000 songs are currently downloadable, ^[12] and there is a separate free download chart, updated weekly, showing the 200 most popular tracks.

On 23 January 2008, Last. fm changed its business model with the Free the Music initiative. A business model is a term used for a broad range of informal and formal descriptions that are used by enterprises to represent various aspects of its business including its purpose offerings Most tracks and albums can be streamed off the website for free up to 3 times. The artists are paid each time the track is played. ^[13] This service is still in beta mode and free on demand listening is currently only available to users in the US, UK, and Germany.

Tags

With the August 2005 relaunch, Last. PortalCurrent events News collections and sources WikipediaNews collections and sources. fm supports user-end tagging or labeling of artists, albums, and tracks to create a site-wide folksonomy of music. A tag is a non-hierarchical keyword or term assigned to a piece of information (such as an Internet bookmark, digital image or Computer file) Folksonomy (also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging) is the practice and method Users can browse via tags, but the most important benefit is tag radio, permitting users to play music that has been tagged a certain way. A tag is a non-hierarchical keyword or term assigned to a piece of information (such as an Internet bookmark, digital image or Computer file) This tagging can be by genre ("garage rock"), mood ("chill"), artist characteristic ("baritone"), or any other form of user-defined classification ("seen live"). However, since the tagging is not moderated, it is prone to manipulation by the site's users, most often resulting in genre disagreements among users or pushing certain artists higher up certain tags (the most well known example of this is boosting Paris Hilton to the top of the "brutal death metal" tag, obviously a joke). ^[14]

Subscribers are also able to create personal tag radio stations containing only tracks and artists that they have tagged themselves. All tag radio stations (including subscriber's personal tag stations) can be played by anybody, including non-subscribers.

Charts

One of the most popular features of Last. fm is the automatic weekly generation and archiving of detailed personal music charts and statistics which are created as part of its profile building. Users have several different charts available, including Top Artists, Top Tracks, and Top Albums, as well as Weekly Top Artists and Weekly Top Tracks. Each of these charts is based on the actual number of people listening to the track, album or artist recorded either through an Audioscrobbler plugin or the Last. fm radio stream.

Additionally, charts are available for the top tracks by each artist in the Last. fm system as well as the top tracks for individual albums (when the tagging information of the audio file is available). Artist profiles also keep track of a short list of Top Fans, which is calculated by a formula meant to portray the importance of an artist in a fan's own profile, balancing out users who play hundreds of tracks overall versus those who play only a few. A short list is a list of candidates for a job prize award political position etc

As the information generated is largely compiled from the ID3 data from audio files "scrobbled" from user's own computers, and which may be incorrect or misspelled, there are many errors in the listings. ID3 is a Metadata container most often used in conjunction with the MP3 Audio file format. Tracks with ambiguous punctuation are especially prone to separate listings, which can dilute the apparent popularity of a track. Artists or bands with the same name are not always differentiated. The system does attempt to translate some different artist tags to a single artist profile, but does not attempt to harmonise track names.

Charts are also available for user groups, thus providing a view into a demographic slice, and can reveal interesting new music based on the preferences of similar users.

The Last. fm artist charts currently do not take track length into consideration. For example, an album with 22 short tracks will boost that artist's popularity for a particular user's rankings much more than an album with only 5 long tracks, even though the user spent the same amount of time listening to each. The impact of this problem is limited to personal charts. All other charts are calculated using reach, that is, the number of users who play a certain artist or track, rather than the total number of plays. This is also a defense against users who in the early days of Audioscrobbler submitted spam data in order to boost the rankings of a particular artist or song or their own ranking as a fan. Spamming is the abuse of electronic messaging systems to indiscriminately send unsolicited bulk messages

Global charts

Last. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. fm generates weekly "global" charts of the top 400 artists and tracks listened to by all Last. fm users. To prevent the artificial boosting of an artist or song by deliberately repeated tracks from a single listener, these charts are based on the total number of individual listeners (the reach) and not the number of actual plays.

The result is notably different from traditional commercial music charts provided by the UK Top 40, Billboard magazine, Soundscan and others, which are based on radio plays or sales. Record chart are a method of ranking Music according to Popularity during a given period of time The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official UK Charts Company (OCC on behalf of the British record industry See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry Nielsen SoundScan is an information system created by Mike Fine and Mike Shalett that tracks sales of music and music video products throughout the United States and Canada Radio drama is a form of audio storytelling broadcast on radio. Last. fm charts are less volatile and a new album's release may be reflected in play data for many months or years after it drops out of commercial charts. For example, The Beatles have consistently been a top 5 band at Last. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 fm, reflecting the continued popularity of the band's music irrespective of current album sales.

The main reason behind the differences is that the charts reflect the musical taste of the particular demographic of the service's users, not that of the general public. Last. fm users generally have an Internet connection, may be more computer-literate than average, and may have wide collections of music from which to choose, due to the ability to download music from the Internet. Internetworking involves connecting two or more distinct Computer networks or network segments via a common routing technology

The Global Tag Chart shows the 100 most popular tags that have been used to describe artists, albums, and tracks. This is based on the total number of times the tag has been applied by Last. fm users since the tagging system was first introduced and does not necessarily reflect the number of users currently listening to any of the related "global tag radio" stations.

For the week ending October 14, 2007, Radiohead broke the Last. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Radiohead fm record for both weekly plays and weekly listeners following the release of their album, In Rainbows, which was released only as digital download on that time. In Rainbows is the seventh album by the English Alternative rock band Radiohead. Therefore, the album would mostly be listened on a digital media player on a personal computer or portable media player, especially iPod, which every plays would be counted to the chart. Digital media (as opposed to analog media) usually refers to Electronic media that work on digital Codes. A personal computer ( PC) is any Computer whose original sales price size and capabilities make it useful for individuals and which is intended to be operated A portable multimedia player ( PMP) sometimes referred to as a portable video player ( PVP) is a Consumer electronics device that is capable iPod is a popular brand of Portable media players designed and marketed by Apple Inc Track "15 Step" set records for weekly plays and listeners and the ten tracks from In Rainbows made up the weekly top 10, with the lowest charting In Rainbows song having almost three times the number of listeners of the next highest placed track ("Stronger" by Kanye West, which had itself set a record for number of listeners a few weeks previously). " Stronger " is the second single from Kanye West 's album Graduation. Kanye Omari West (ˈkɑnjɛj born June 8 1977 is a ten-time Grammy Award -winning American Rapper, Record producer and Singer. The Radiohead album held the top 10 spots for four months after its initial internet release, but Amy Winehouse's Grammy wins helped her end this remarkable run. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences

Last. fm radio

Last. fm offers customised "radio stations" consisting of uninterrupted audio streams of individual tracks selected from the music files in the music library.

Stations can be based on the user's personal profile, the user's "musical neighbours", or the tracks that the user has marked as loved when listening to any station. The Personal Profile is a Framework for Java ME applications It is a super-set of the Connected Device Configuration. Groups based around common interests or geography also have radio stations if there are enough members, and tags also have radio stations if enough music has the same tag. Radio stations can also be created on the fly, and each artist page allows selection of a "similar artists" or "artist fan" radio station. Colloquial usage In colloquial use on the fly means something created when needed (As of December 2006, it is no longer possible to create a "multiple artist" station i. e. a station based on music similar to that of more than one artist. Last. fm has cited copyright restrictions as the reason for this change. ^[15]

Under the terms of the station's radio licence, listeners may not select specific tracks (except as previews), or choose the order in which they are played, although any of the tracks played may be skipped or banned completely. Television licences around the world The Museum of Broadcast Communications in Chicago notes that two-thirds of the countries in Europe and half The appropriate royalties are paid to the copyright holders of all streamed audio tracks according to the law in the UK.

The radio stream uses an MP3 stream encoded at 128 kbit/s 44. MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly referred to as MP3, is a Digital audio encoding format using a form of Lossy data compression 1 kHz, which may be played using the in-page flash player or the downloaded Last. Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently fm client, but other community-supported players are available as well as a proxy which allows using a media player of choice.

As part of a recent programme of improvements in February 2007, registered users are also able to export the Last. fm flash player to embed into blogs, personal websites, Facebook or MySpace pages. Facebook is a social networking Website launched on February 4 2004 MySpace is a popular social networking Website offering an interactive user-submitted network of friends personal profiles blogs groups photos music and ^[16]

Last. fm Player

Last. fm Player
Screenshot of the Windows client. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft.
Developed by	Last. A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process wider than design and coding a somewhat broader scope of fm
Latest release	1. A software release is the distribution whether public or private of an initial or new and upgraded version of a Computer software product 5. 0. 25618 / May 6, 2008[17]
OS	Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, Unix
Genre	Media player
License	GNU General Public License
Website	http://www.last.fm/

An "in-page" Flash player is now provided automatically for all listeners, it is no longer necessary to download additional software in order to listen to any of the music available from the Last. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix with Small caps) is a computer Computer software can be organized into categories based on common function type or field of use Media player is a term typically used to describe Computer software for playing back Multimedia files Most software media players support an array of media A software license (or software licence in commonwealth usage is a Legal instrument governing the usage or redistribution of copyright protected software A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently fm music library. It is necessary, however, to download the Last. fm Client if a user also wishes information about played tracks from their own digital music collection to be included in their personal music profile.

Prior to August 2005, Last. fm generated an open stream that could be played in the user's music player of choice, with a browser-based player control panel. Streaming multimedia is Multimedia that is constantly received by and normally presented to an end-user while it is being delivered by a streaming provider (the In Software engineering, a web application or webapp is an application that is accessed via Web browser over a network such as the Internet This proved difficult to support and has been officially discontinued. The Last. fm client is currently the only officially supported music player for playing customised Last. fm radio streams. The current version combines the functions of the music player with the plugin that transmits all track data to the Last. fm server, and effectively replaces the separate Last. fm Player and the standalone track submission plugins. It is also free software licensed under the GNU General Public License and available for GNU/Linux, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows operating systems. Free software or software libre is Software that can be used studied and modified without restriction and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft.

The player allows the user to enter the name of any artist or tag which then gives a choice of a number of similar artist stations, or similar global tag stations. Alternatively, Recommendation radio or any of the user's personal radio stations may be played without the necessity to visit the website.

The player displays the name of the station and track currently playing, the song artist, title and track length as well as album details, the artist's photo and biographical details, album cover art when available, lists of similar artists and the most popular tags and top fans. An album cover is the front of the packaging of a commercially-released audio recording product or Album. There are several buttons, allowing the user to love, skip, or ban a song. The love button adds the song to the user's loved tracks playlist; the ban button ensures that the song will not be played again. Both features affect the user's profile. The skip button does not. Other buttons allow the user to tag or recommend the currently playing track. Other features offered by the application are: minor editing of the user's profile including removing recently played artists and songs from the loved, banned, or previously played track lists; lists of friends and neighbours, lists of tags and a list of previously played radio stations. Users can also open their full Last. fm profile page directly from the player.

The client also enables the user to install player plugins, these integrate with various standalone media players to allow the submission of tracks played in those programs. Media player is a term typically used to describe Computer software for playing back Multimedia files Most software media players support an array of media ^[18]

In a former release of the Last. fm Player application, the user could select to use an external player. When this was done, the Last. fm Player provided the user with a local URL, through which the Last. fm music stream was proxied. Users could then open the URL in their preferred media player. They have re-included this functionality in the latest version of the player.

Other players

• LastFMProxy: a Python script written by Vidar Madsen, allows users to use their own music player again, by connecting to Last. Python is a general-purpose High-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes programmer productivity and code readability fm and relaying its stream to the user's player of choice.
• Online Last.fm Player: an open source PHP application made for listening to Last. fm radio streams on a webpage. It allows users who can't run or install any applications on their PC to listen to radio streams.
• lastfmmobile (lfmm): In the vein of LastFMProxy and Online Last. fm Player, lastfmmobile (lfmm) facilitates direct manipulation of the Last. FM Shoutcast/mp3 stream. SHOUTcast is a server for Streaming media developed by Nullsoft. Originally designed for Internet Explorer for Pocket PC, on the Windows Mobile platform, the portability of Javascript and the server-side rendering of PHP make lfmm available on a majority of web enabled devices. A Pocket PC, abbreviated P/PC or PPC, is a hardware Specification for a Handheld -sized Computer ( Personal digital assistant Windows Mobile is a compact Operating system combined with a suite of basic applications for Mobile devices based on the Microsoft Win32 Server-side refers to operations that are performed by the server in a Client-server relationship in Computer networking. Still under heavy development.
• Rhythmbox: is able to play Last. Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music fm streams through its Last. fm plugin as of version 0. 9. 7. It also supports submitting the track information of other tracks to the Last. fm profile.
• Amarok: has had the ability to play Last. Amarok (ˈæməɹɒk is a Free software music player for Linux or other varieties of Unix. fm streams integrated into the application as of version 1. 4. 1, and continues to support submitting information. Users of previous versions can play the streams using the LastamaroK script (homepage), which is based on LastFMProxy.
• MyLastFM: an open source desktop client for the Windows platform which can play Last. fm streams or relay the streams to other music players (similar to LastFMProxy). It requires Microsoft . NET version 1. 1 Framework.
• Last Exit: an open source Mono/GTK#-based client similar to the official player. Mono is a project led by Novell (formerly by Ximian) to create an Ecma standard compliant. Gtk# is a set of.NET bindings for the GTK+ GUI toolkit and assorted GNOME libraries.
• Shell.FM: an open source console based player for Linux. Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks
• Amua: a small, open source client for Mac OS X that resides as a menu item. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently
• PandoraFM: lets you listen to your customized Last. fm radio stations built by tagging within Pandora and the Last. fm web site. A web based, online Last. fm player.
• BMPx: Supports native song reporting as well as Last. BMPx is the successor to the Beep Media Player. BMPx is a Free software media player for most modern Unix operating systems fm radio playback since version 0. 3x
• LastBASH: A console/terminal based Last. fm player, written in Bash. Bash is a Free software Unix shell written for the GNU Project.
• Banshee: Music player using Mono and GTK#, has a plugin for Last. Banshee is a media player that is built upon Mono and Gtk#. It uses the GStreamer multimedia platform for encoding and decoding various Mono is a project led by Novell (formerly by Ximian) to create an Ecma standard compliant. GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a Cross-platform Widget toolkit for creating Graphical user interfaces It is one of the most popular toolkits fm.
• Vagalume: A GTK+-based Last. GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a Cross-platform Widget toolkit for creating Graphical user interfaces It is one of the most popular toolkits fm client that works on standard PCs but is specially designed for the Nokia N800 and N810 Internet Tablets running the Internet Tablet OS. The Nokia N800 Internet Tablet is a wireless Internet appliance from Nokia, originally announced at the Las Vegas CES 2007 Summit The Nokia N810 Internet Tablet is an Internet appliance from Nokia, announced on October 17 2007 at the Web 2
• Xbox Media Center: An open-source media player for the Microsoft Xbox can play the global radio stations and the global tags from XBMC LastFM Group. XBMC Media Center (formerly named " XBox Media Center " is a free and open source Cross-platform media-player and entertainment hub
• MceFM: A plug-in to Windows Media Center which lets you listen to Last. Windows Media Center is an application designed to serve as a home-entertainment hub. fm streams based on artists in your existing music collection.
• Songbird: An open-source all-in-one music manager in the style of iTunes; supports listening to Last. Songbird is a Free software media player and Web browser developed by a group known as Pioneers of the Inevitable (with members who previously fm and scrobbling other songs back to Last. fm by use of the Audioscrobbler plugin

Since Last. fm consists of a Shoutcast mp3 stream it is possible to listen on Last. SHOUTcast is a server for Streaming media developed by Nullsoft. fm using the player of your choice. ^[19]

Audioscrobbler plugin

Last. fm can optionally build a profile directly from a user's music played on their personal computer. Users must download and install a plugin for their music player, which will automatically submit the artist and title of the song after either half the song or the first four minutes have played, whichever comes first. To download is to receive data from a remote or central system such as a Webserver, FTP server, mail server or other similar systems A song is a Musical composition. Songs contain vocal parts that are performed 'sung' and generally feature Words ( Lyrics) commonly followed When the track is shorter than 30 seconds (31 seconds in iTunes) or the track lacks metadata (ID3, CDDB, etc), the track is not submitted. iTunes is a proprietary digital media player application introduced by Apple Inc Metadata ( meta data, or sometimes metainformation) is "data about data" of any sort in any media ID3 is a Metadata container most often used in conjunction with the MP3 Audio file format. CDDB (which stands for C ompact D isc D ata' b' ase is a licensed trademark of Gracenote, Inc To accommodate dial-up users, caching of the data and submitting it in bulk is also possible.

List of supported media players

Following applications have native support for sending song information:

• AlbumPlayer
• Amarok
• aTunes
• Audacious
• Banshee
• BMPx
• Cog
• Exaile
• Ezmo
• Helium Music Manager
• Herrie
• Listen
• LobsterTunes
• MediaMaster
• MediaPortal
• MP3Toys
• Rhythmbox
• VUPlayer
• XBoxMediaCenter (XBMC)
• YamiPod

The following services support sending service-specific recently-played track feeds:

• Rhobbler for Rhapsody (beta)

Plugins are available for the following applications:^[20]

• AmigaAMP
• Banshee
• Beep Media Player
• foobar2000
• gmusicbrowser (unofficial plugin)
• iTunes
• LAUNCHcast (via LaunchScrobbler)
• J. River Media Center
• MediaMonkey (using Winamp plugin, or official beta plugin)
• Muine (unofficial plugin)
• MPD (unofficial, ^[21][22]
• musikCube (unofficial beta plugin)
• MXPlay
• Noatun
• Pandora (via the LastFM Firefox Extension, through PandoraFM or with OpenPandora)
• Pocket Player a music player for Pocket PC and Smartphone devices running the Windows mobile operating system
• Rhythmbox
• Quintessential Player/QCD
• Quod Libet
• SlimServer
• Songbird
• Winamp
• Windows Media Player
• XMMS
• XMMS2
• XMPlay
• Yahoo Music Engine

Supported audio players (hardware)

There is some support for portable audio players. Amarok (ˈæməɹɒk is a Free software music player for Linux or other varieties of Unix. aTunes is a free Audio player. aTunes supports MP3 Ogg Vorbis FLAC and other formats Audacious is a GUI -based Free software media player for POSIX systems such as Linux. Banshee is a media player that is built upon Mono and Gtk#. It uses the GStreamer multimedia platform for encoding and decoding various BMPx is the successor to the Beep Media Player. BMPx is a Free software media player for most modern Unix operating systems Exaile is a Free software audio player for Unix-like Operating systems that aims to be similar to KDE 's Amarok, but based Ezmo was a free online music player which let you listen to your and your friends' entire music collections anywhere Herrie is a Text user interface based Music player. It has a split-screen File manager and Playlist interface and supports a number of file formats MediaPortal is an Open source Media center software that acts as front-end for Personal Video Recorder (PVR, video pictures music and many more functionalities Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music XBMC Media Center (formerly named " XBox Media Center " is a free and open source Cross-platform media-player and entertainment hub Rhapsody is an online music service run by RealNetworks. Launched in December 2001 Rhapsody was the first music service to offer streaming on-demand access to nearly Banshee is a media player that is built upon Mono and Gtk#. It uses the GStreamer multimedia platform for encoding and decoding various The Beep Media Player ( BMP) was a free audio player, based on the XMMS multimedia player foobar2000 is a Freeware audio player for Windows developed by Peter Pawlowski, a former freelance contractor for Nullsoft. iTunes is a proprietary digital media player application introduced by Apple Inc Media Center, or formally "J River Media Center" is a multimedia application that allows the user to play and organize various types of media on a Windows based machine MediaMonkey is a digital media player and media library application developed by Ventis Media Inc Muine is an audio player for the GNOME Desktop environment which runs on Linux, Solaris, BSD and other UNIX Music Player Daemon ( MPD) is a Database -using Music player server MusikCube is a partially open source audio player. Originally created as a fork of WxMusik, it has since been expanded to include capabilities not available Noatun is one of two main media players of the K Desktop Environment, a popular Desktop environment for Unix-like operating systems Pandora is an automated music recommendation and Internet radio service created by the Music Genome Project. Pocket Player is a digital Media player application created by Conduits and available by download from their website Rhythmbox is an audio player that plays and helps organize digital music Quintessential Player (also called QCD) is a freeware multi-format media player developed by Paul Quinn since 1997 when it was known as Quintessential CD (thus Quod Libet (from the Latin ex falso quodlibet) is a GTK+ -based audio player application written using the Python programming language Songbird is a Free software media player and Web browser developed by a group known as Pioneers of the Inevitable (with members who previously Winamp is a proprietary media player written by Nullsoft, now a subsidiary of Time Warner. Windows Media Player ( WMP) is a digital media player and media library application developed by Microsoft that is used for playing The X Multimedia System ( XMMS) is a Free software audio player very similar to Winamp, that runs on many Unix-like Operating XMMS2 ( X-platform Music Multiplexing System 2) is a new generation of the XMMS audio player Yahoo! Music Jukebox is a Freeware music player released by Yahoo! in 2005. A portable audio player is a personal Mobile device that allows the user to listen to recorded Audio while mobile Since these are offline (which breaks the Last. fm concept), track info has to be batch scrobbled. Players for which batch upload software is available:

• iPod: The most recent version of the Last. iPod is a popular brand of Portable media players designed and marketed by Apple Inc fm software for Windows and Mac (introduced in May 2008) features iPod scrobbling. Although this was introduced in a previous version of Last. fm many users had complained that such features had ceased to function in recent updates. ^[23] There are several other programs which support this feature:
  • iPodScrobbler (Windows/Mac/Linux), with iTunes or any other iPod manager,
  • lastPod (former audioPod, audioPod+)^[24]
  • iSproggler (Windows)
  • iScrobbler (Mac iTunes)
  • QTScrobbler
  • Rockbox replacement firmware
  • foobar2000 (Windows) Plugins foo_dop and foo_audioscrobbler combined. iTunes is a proprietary digital media player application introduced by Apple Inc Rockbox is a Free software replacement for the Firmware held on various forms of Digital audio players (DAPs foobar2000 is a Freeware audio player for Windows developed by Peter Pawlowski, a former freelance contractor for Nullsoft.
• Various other players: supported with the Rockbox firmware - logs made by these players can be uploaded to the Audioscrobbler service via a web based interface written by stead: Rockbox .scrobbler.log to Last.fm Upload, or the open source Qt4 program QTScrobbler
• Zenses is an open source utility program for MTP compatible devices such as iriver clix, Toshiba's Gigabeat line, SanDisk's Sansa series, Samsung's YP series, Microsoft Zune, & Creative's Zen players. Rockbox is a Free software replacement for the Firmware held on various forms of Digital audio players (DAPs Utility software (also known as service program, service routine, tool, or utility routine) is a type of Computer software. Zune is a brand of digital media players and services sold by Microsoft. It lets you submit play counts from the player to Last. fm, view charts on what you've played and create recently added playlists. Zenses was designed and developed for use with Creative's Zen Vision:M media player, however it should also work with most other MTP compatible devices. The Creative ZEN (formerly known as Creative NOMAD Jukebox Zen) is a range of Digital audio players (DAPs and Portable media players (PMPs made by For more info on MTP and corresponding devices check here: Media Transfer Protocol. The Media Transfer Protocol is a devised set of custom extensions to the Picture Transfer Protocol (PTP Some MTP players such as the SanDisk Sansa M230 don't register play counts and thus will not work with Zenses. The SanDisk Sansa is a line of Flash memory -based Digital audio players and Portable media players produced by SanDisk. However, according to the Zenses' Last.FM group, the development of any further release has been stopped.
• iPod Touch and iPhone: Through the process of Jailbreaking your iPod Touch/ iPhone, there is a third party application known as MobileScrobbler which you can add to your device. The iPod Touch (trademarked and marketed as the iPod touch and sometimes colloquially referred to as the iTouch) is a Portable media player and The iPhone is an internet-connected Multimedia Smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc

All Audioscrobbler plugins are open source and the listening data it collects is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. Open source is a development methodology which offers practical accessibility to a product's source (goods and knowledge Creative Commons licenses are several Copyright licenses released on December 16, 2002 by Creative Commons, a U The data is available from Last. fm's Audioscrobbler site.

Other third party applications

Last. fm supported applications

• Build Last. fm

As of March 2008, the website has added a section titled "Build" where third party applications can be submitted for review, and then posted to the page. ^[25]

• SXSW Band-Aid

Last. fm partnered up with the SXSW festival by creating an application embedded in the corresponding group page that filters the various artists at the festival by a user's listening statistics, and then uses Last. South by Southwest ( SXSW) is a set of interactive, Film, and Music festivals and conferences that take place fm's recommendation service to also suggest other performing artists that said user hasn't listened to. ^[26]

Other Applications

• Last.fm recent tracks widget for Mac OS X displays a user's most recently played tracks.
• Last.fm widget for Opera also displays a user's most recently played tracks, but works on all platforms Opera runs on. Opera is a Web browser and Internet suite developed by the Opera Software company
• Last.fm dashboard widget for Mac OS X displays a user's last messages in his shoutbox.
• last.tweet widget for Mac OS X displays the cover art of the recently played track, with Twitter integration
• FoxyTunes Firefox extension places Last. Cover art is the Illustration or Photograph on the outside of a published product such as a Book, Magazine, Comic book, product package Twitter is a free Social networking and Micro-blogging service that allows its users to send and read other users' updates (otherwise known as tweets) fm player controls and current song information on the browser status bar.
• Local.fm Creates Last. fm-style playlists using a local music collection and information from Last. fm.
• Stats Group Lists many stats related user created tools.
• ExitAhead finds music on eBay matching a Last. eBay Inc is an American Internet company that manages eBaycom an Online auction and shopping Website in which people and businesses buy and fm profile.

Blog

On 30 May 2007, Last. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. fm launched their company blog.

Similar services

• Zune Social
• Pandora
• Slacker
• iLike
• imeem is a competitor to Last. Zune Social is the online component of Microsoft 's Zune initiative Pandora is an automated music recommendation and Internet radio service created by the Music Genome Project. Slacker is a US only interactive Internet radio service It allows users to create their own customized music stations starting with either Slacker's presets or a list of one iLike is a website that allows users to download and share music imeem is a Social media service where users interact with each other by watching posting and sharing content of all digital media types including blogs photos audio and fm, but the model is closer to 'YouTube for music' with music available on demand. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees
• Deezer.com is, like imeem, a music-on-demand service. Music-On-Demand is a music distribution model conceived with the growth of two-way computing telecommunications and the Internet in the early 1990s
• MOG
• Anywhere.fm
• Jamendo
• Batanga
• We7
• musicovery
• snuzu. MOG is a Social networking site where computer users who listen to their music primarily on their computers or iPods can set up personal pages with their musical interests AnywhereFM, is an Online radio network created by a team of MIT and UPenn graduates who previously worked at XBOX, Jamendo is a music platform and community combining Creative Commons / Free Art License licensed music BitTorrent and Batanga Inc is a leading media and content company reaching U com

See also

• List of online music databases
• List of social networking websites
• List of Internet stations

References

Further reading

Press

External links

• Last.fm main page
• Audioscrobbler development site

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