Intervention: Laryngectomy
ICD-10 code:
ICD-9 code:	30.2 30.3 30.4
MeSH	D007825
Other codes:

Laryngectomy is the removal of the larynx and separation of the airway from the mouth, nose, and esophagus. The International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI is a system of classifying Procedure codes being developed by the World Health Organization. ICD-9-CM Volume 3 is a system of Procedural codes. It is a subset of ICD-9-CM (volumes 1 and 2 are used for Diagnostic codes. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Procedure codes are numbers or alphanumeric codes used to identify specific health interventions taken by medical professionals The larynx (plural larynges) colloquially known as the voicebox, is an organ in the Neck of Mammals involved in protection of the The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the Alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up Anatomically a nose is a protuberance in Vertebrates that houses the Nostrils or nares which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the The esophagus or oesophagus (see American and British English spelling differences) sometimes known as the gullet, is an organ in The laryngectomee breathes through an opening in the neck, a stoma. In Medicine, a stoma (Greek - pl stomata is an opening either natural or surgically created (artificial which connects a portion of the body cavity to the outside ^[1] It is done in cases of laryngeal cancer. Laryngeal cancer may also be called cancer of the larynx or laryngeal carcinoma. However, many laryngeal cancer cases are now treated only with radiation and chemotherapy or other laser procedures, and laryngectomy is performed when those treatments fail to conserve the larynx. Radiation, as in Physics, is Energy in the form of waves or moving Subatomic particles emitted by an atom or other body as it changes from a higher energy Chemotherapy, in its most general sense refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells specifically those of micro-organisms or Cancer.

Contents 1 Voice replacement 2 Uses 3 In animals 4 References

Voice replacement

• Voice functions are generally replaced with a voice prosthesis placed in the tracheo esophageal puncture created by the surgeon. Tracheo oesophageal puncture is a surgical procedure performed to rehabilitate a patient who has undergone total Laryngectomy. The voice prosthesis vibrates the esophageal tissue in lieu of the larynx. Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism

• A second method is the use of an electrolarynx. A mechanical larynx is a medical device used to produce clearer speech by those who have lost their original voicebox, usually An electrolarynx is an external device that is placed against the neck and creates vibration that the speaker then articulates. The TruTone(tm) electrolarynx allows users to add intonation to their voice which increases intelligibility. A mechanical larynx is a medical device used to produce clearer speech by those who have lost their original voicebox, usually

• A third method is called esophageal speech. Esophageal speech (or voice) is an alternate method for Speech production without the oscillation in the Vocal folds. The speaker pushes air into the esophagus and then pushes it back up, articulating speech sounds to speak. This method is time-consuming and difficult to learn and is seldom used by laryngectomees.

• A fourth method is the use of the UltraVoice speaking device which is built into an upper denture or retainer and worn inside the patient's mouth. The speech from the Ultravoice has computer controlled prosody which changes the pitch creating a more natural sound. UltraVoice is a recently invented ( 1990) speaking device for laryngectomees people who have had their Larynx removed because it was Cancerous or other

Uses

Laryngectomies number about 60,000 in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Perhaps 10,000 laryngeal cancer cases are treated annually, but only about 3,000 people are laryngectomized. Because it is a relatively rare cancer and because the post-operative care is complex in achieving a functional result, laryngeal cancer patients should be treated at or at least consult a major federally designated cancer center, where the fields of surgery, radiology, chemotherapy, speech-language pathology are integrated in head and neck departments. Surgery (from the χειρουργική cheirourgikē, via chirurgiae meaning "hand work" is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental Radiology is the medical specialty directing Medical imaging technologies to diagnose and treat diseases Speech-language pathology is the study of disorders that affect a person's Speech, Language, cognition voice swallowing ( Dysphagia) and the rehabilitative

In animals

Laryngectomies may be applied to dogs as a debarking procedure. The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order

References

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