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Landrace refers to domesticated animals or plants adapted to the natural and cultural environment in which they live (or originated) and, in some cases, work; they often develop naturally with minimal assistance or guidance from humans (or from humans using traditional rather than modern breeding methods), hence differ somewhat from what is commonly termed a breed, and usually possess more diverse phenotypes and genotypes. Domestication (from Latin domesticus) refers to the process whereby a Population of Animals See Breed (song for the song by Nirvana. See Breed (video game for the video game by Brat Designs A phenotype is any observable characteristic of an Organism, such as its morphology, Development, biochemical or physiological properties The genotype is the genetic constitution of a cell an organism or an individual (i They often form the basis of more highly-bred formalised breeds. Sometimes a formalised breed retains the "landrace" name, despite no longer being a true landrace.

Contents

Examples

Animals

Landrace dogs

For example, landrace dogs are very different depending on their origins and purpose; Border Collies derive from a landrace in Scotland and northern England, where their primary characteristics had to do with how they herded sheep in the borderlands, and Salukis were a landrace breed in the Middle East where they chased game across open tracts of land. The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order The Border Collie is a breed of Herding dog that originated in the Border country of England and Scotland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Game is any Animal hunted for Food or not normally domesticated (such as Venison) A landrace does not imply so much a breed as a type; for example, Border Collies traditionally have had a variation in appearance, from upright prick ears to nearly drop ears, different fullnesses of coat, and so on, although the general appearance was such that they could still be recognized as Border Collies and their performance around sheep most accurately represented their membership in that race. See Breed (song for the song by Nirvana. See Breed (video game for the video game by Brat Designs

Often, when people move to create a highly consistent purebred breed, focus is placed more on consistency of appearance rather than on consistency of behavior or adaptability to the environment, and much of what made the animals a landrace is lost. Purebred dog refers to a dog of a modern Dog breed that closely resembles other dogs of the same breed with ancestry documented in a stud book and registered For example, show Border Collies might not be particularly good at herding sheep and might not have a coat that is appropriate for the Scottish borderlands; similarly, Salukis might not be able to chase and catch hares in the desert. Hares and jackrabbits are Leporids belonging to the Genus Lepus.

Other animals

Landrace sheep were originally a breed of sheep ideally suited for their environment. Several breeds of swine use "landrace" in the breed names. Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times

A few horse breeds are claimed by aficionados to be "pure" and virtually unchanged from their original wild prototype or earliest landraces, though the term is rarely used in modern horse breeding. Meyers b12 s0947bjpg|thumb|Heavy or draft horse breeds]] This page is a list of Horse and Pony breeds and also includes terms used to describe types of horses that are not Horse breeding refers to reproduction in Horses and particularly the human-directed process of Selective breeding of animals particularly Purebred However, both the Arabian horse and the Andalusian horse make claims of great antiquity for the ancestry of their respective breeds. The Arabian horse is a breed of Horse with a reputation for Intelligence, spirit and stamina


Plants

Several definitions of the term landrace have been used in botanical application. The term has recently been defined as "an autochthonous landrace is a variety with a high capacity to tolerate biotic and abiotic stress, resulting in a high yield stability and an intermediate yield level under a low input agricultural system. " [1] In simple terms, landraces are grown from seed that has not been systematically selected and marketed by seed companies or developed by plant breeders. A significant proportion of the world’s farmers grow landraces. Data collected for a study of the spread of cereal agriculture into Europe showed that landraces have largely fallen out of use in Europe. European cereal landraces were grown by our ancestors before the work of the 19th century seed improvers and the 20th century plant breeders produced improved varieties. The terms ‘landrace’ and ‘traditional variety’ are sometimes used interchangeably.


See also

References

  1. ^ Zeven, A. See Breed (song for the song by Nirvana. See Breed (video game for the video game by Brat Designs Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on function dog types are not identical to modern ''dog breeds'' but dogs identified primarily by specific Purebreds, also called purebreeds, are cultivated varieties or cultivars of an animal Species, achieved through the process of Selective breeding This article focuses on selective breeding in domesticated animals C. (1998). "Landraces: A review of definitions and classifications". Euphytica 104 (2).  

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