The Land War in Irish History was a period of agrarian agitation in rural Ireland in the 1870s, 1880s and 1890s. The history of Ireland begins with the first known settlement in Ireland around 8000 BC when Hunter-gatherers arrived from Great Britain and continental Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The agitation was led by the Irish National Land League and was dedicated to bettering the position of tenant farmers and ultimately to a redistribution of land to tenants from landlords, especially absentee landlords. The Irish Land League was an Irish political organization of the late 19th century which sought to help poor Tenant farmers Its primary aim was to abolish Absentee landlord is an economic term for a person who owns and rents out a Profit -earning Property, but does not live within the property's local economic While there were many violent incidents in this campaign, it was not actually a "war", but rather a prolonged period of civil unrest.

History

In February 1870 the Land Conference, at a public sitting, passed resolutions condemning capricious evictions and demanding

• permanent fixture of the tenant in the soil
• eviction only on non-payment of rent
• right of sale of interest by the tenant
• the establishment of local land tribunals and the valuation of rent. ^[1]

The Land League was founded in 1879 by Michael Davitt - an Irish Republican Brotherhood member and radical politician. Year 1879 ( MDCCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Michael Davitt ( Irish name: Mícheál Mac Dáibhéid) ( March 25, 1846 &ndash May 30, 1906) was an Irish The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic Republic" in the mid nineteenth Initially it sought reform including the "Three F's" - that is Fair rent, Fixity of tenure and Free sale. Davitt was rapidly joined by Charles Stewart Parnell the leader of mainstream Irish nationalism and the Irish Parliamentary Party together with other agarian agitators and activists William O'Brien, John Dillon, Timothy Healy and Willie Redmond. Charles Stewart Parnell ( 27 June 1846 &ndash 6 October 1891) was an Irish Protestant landowner nationalist Irish nationalism (Náisiúnachas Éireannach refers to political and sociological movements and sentiment that embodies a love for Irish ancestry, culture and language and The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP (commonly called the Irish Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing William O'Brien (Irish Parliamentary Party should not be confused with his contemporary William X John Dillon (4 September 1851 – 4 August 1927 was an Irish land reform agitator Irish Home Rule activist nationalist politician Member of Parliament Timothy Michael Healy, KC (17 May 1855 &ndash 26 March 1931 was an Irish nationalist politician journalist author barrister and one of the most William Hoey Kearney Redmond ( 15 April, 1861 &ndash 9 June, 1917) (commonly known as Willie Redmond) was an Irish Violence occurred when Land League members resisted the eviction of farmers by the Royal Irish Constabulary and there were also attacks on Landlords and their property during the "Land War" and the later Plan of Campaign. The Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC) ( Irish: Constáblacht Ríoga na hÉireann) was one of Ireland's two police forces in the early twentieth century The Plan of Campaign was a stratagem adopted in Ireland between 1886 and 1891 co-ordinated by Irish politicians for the benefit of Tenant farmers In response soldiers were even deployed to restore law and order and enforce evictions, and coercion acts were passed -a form of martial law, for a time. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Between 1801 and 1922 the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed over 100 acts of emergency law in an attempt to establish law and order in Ireland. However the most effective method of the Land League was the Boycott, where an unpopular landlord agent Charles Boycott was ostracised by the local community. A boycott is a form of Consumer activism involving the act of voluntarily abstaining from using buying or dealing with someone or some other organization as an expression of Captain Charles Cunningham Boycott ( March 12 1832 &mdash June 19 1897) was a British land agent whose ostracism by his local

The Land question in Ireland was ultimately defused by a series of Irish Land Acts, beginning in 1870 and continuing until 1927. British Prime Minister William Gladstone had taken up the " Irish Question " in part to win the general election of 1868 by uniting the Liberal Party These acts allowed tenants first to attain extensive property rights on their leaseholdings and then to purchase their land off their landlords via government loans. The traditional view of the Land War in Ireland has been of the displacement of an ascendancy class and the largely absentee landlords. The Protestant Ascendancy is a convenient phrase used when referring to the political economic and social domination of the former Kingdom of Ireland by a minority of great Absentee landlord is an economic term for a person who owns and rents out a Profit -earning Property, but does not live within the property's local economic

However, recent research has suggested that many Landlords in the late 19th and early 20th century, such as Lord Dunsany or Lord Dunraven, had more progressives attitudes towards their estates and tenants. Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett 18th Baron of Dunsany ( 24 July 1878 &ndash 25 October 1957) was an Anglo-Irish writer and Windham Thomas Wyndham-Quin 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl KP PC (I ( 12 February 1841 – 14 June 1926) styled In addition, it is claimed that the bigger farmers were the main beneficiaries of the Land Acts, as the small farmers' holdings, especially in the west, were uneconomic as private farms.

References

1. ^ Ireland:From Our Own Correspondent; The Times; 4 Feb 1870; pg8 col A