Lancashire
Flag of Lancashire
Geography
Status	Ceremonial & (smaller) Non-metropolitan county
Origin	Historic
Region	North West England
Area - Total - Admin. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. council - Admin. area	Ranked 17th 3,075 km² (1,187 sq mi) Ranked 16th 2,903 km² (1,121 sq mi)
Admin HQ	Preston
ISO 3166-2	GB-LAN
ONS code	30
NUTS 3	UKD43
Demography
Population - Total (2006 est. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area. See also Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by area Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. ISO 3166-2GB is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to the United Kingdom. The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating Census and other statistical data The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology ) - Density - Admin. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume council - Admin. pop.	Ranked 8th 1,449,700 471/km² (1,220/sq mi) Ranked 4th 1,165,800
Ethnicity	93. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Population. This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by population. 4% White 5. 3% S. Asian 1. 3% Other
Politics
Lancashire County Council http://www.lancashire.gov.uk
Executive	Labour
Members of Parliament	Janet Anderson (L) David Borrow (L) Rosie Cooper (L) Nigel Evans (C) Mark Hendrick (LC) Lindsay Hoyle (L) Joan Humble (L) Michael Jack (C) Gordon Marsden (L) Greg Pope (L) Gordon Prentice (L) Geraldine Smith (L) Jack Straw (L) Kitty Ussher (L) Ben Wallace (C)
Districts
West Lancashire Chorley South Ribble Fylde Preston Wyre Lancaster Ribble Valley Pendle Burnley Rossendale Hyndburn Blackpool (Unitary) Blackburn with Darwen (Unitary)

Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Composition Graphical representation of the House of Commons This is a comparison of the party strengths in the British House of Commons Janet Anderson (born 6 December, 1949) is a British Labour Party politician The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the David Stanley Borrow (born 2 August 1952 is a British Labour Party Politician. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Rosemary Elizabeth 'Rosie' Cooper (born 5 September 1950) is a British Politician. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Nigel Martin Evans (born 10 November 1957) is a British Politician. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Mark Phillip Hendrick (born 2 November 1958) British Politician and is the Labour Co-operative Member of Parliament for Labour Co-operative describes those candidates in British elections standing on behalf of both the Labour Party and the Co-operative Party, based on a national Lindsay Harvey Hoyle MP (born 10 June 1957) is an MP in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Joan Humble (born March 3, 1951, Skipton, Yorkshire) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the John Michael Jack (born September 17, 1946 in Folkestone, Kent, England) is a Conservative Party politician in the The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Gordon Marsden (born 28 November 1953, Manchester) is a British Labour Party politician and since 1997 the Member of Parliament The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Gregory James Pope (born 29 August 1960, Blackburn) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Gordon Prentice (born 28 January 1951, Edinburgh) is a Politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Maria Geraldine Smith, known as Geraldine Smith, (born 29 August 1961, Belfast) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the John Whitaker Straw (born 3 August 1946 most commonly known as Jack Straw, is a senior British Labour Party Politician. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Katherine Anne "Kitty" Ussher (born 18 March 1971 in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Robert Ben Lobban Wallace known as Ben Wallace (born 15 May 1970 is the Conservative Member of Parliament for the Lancashire constituency of Lancaster The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. West Lancashire is a local government district of Lancashire, England. Chorley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. South Ribble is a Non-metropolitan district and Borough of Lancashire, England. Fylde is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. WYRE (810 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting an Oldies/Contemporary Hit format The City of Lancaster (2002 population 133914 is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Blackburn with Darwen is a Unitary authority area in Lancashire, North West England. Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, It takes its name from the city of Lancaster and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England. ^[1] Its county council is based in Preston, the county's administrative capital. A County council is the elected administrative body governing an area known as a County. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Lancaster, however, is still considered to be the county town. A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Commonly, Lancashire is referred to by the abbreviation Lancs, originally used by the Royal Mail. Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom. The population of the county is 1,449,700. People from the county are known as Lancastrians.

The history of Lancashire is thought to have begun with its founding in the 12th century. See also Lancashire The History of Lancashire begins with its establishment as a county of England in 1182, making it one of the youngest In the Domesday Book (1086), some of its lands had been treated as part of Yorkshire. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. The area in between the rivers Mersey and Ribble (referred to in the Domesday Book as "Inter Ripam et Mersham") formed part of the returns for Cheshire. See also Mersey River (Tasmania and Mersey River (Nova Scotia. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. Once its initial boundaries were established, it bordered Cumberland, Westmorland, Yorkshire, and Cheshire. Cumberland is one of the 39 Historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1915 and now forms part of Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England.

Lancashire emerged during the Industrial Revolution as a major commercial and industrial region. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the The county encompassed several hundred mill towns and collieries. A Mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories (usually Cotton mills By the 1830s, approximately 85% of all cotton manufactured worldwide was processed in Lancashire. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp ^[2] Accrington, Blackburn, Chorley and Burnley were major cotton mill towns during this time. Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton Blackpool was a major centre for tourism for the inhabitants of Lancashire's mill towns. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England.

The county was subject to a significant boundary reform in 1974,^[3] which removed Liverpool and Manchester with most of their surrounding conurbations to form part of the metropolitan counties of Merseyside and Greater Manchester. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary The metropolitan counties are a type of county-level Administrative division of England. Merseyside is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1365900 Greater Manchester is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2 ^[4] At this time, the detached Furness peninsula was made part of Cumbria. Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy Today the county borders Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Merseyside and North and West Yorkshire. North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in West Yorkshire is a Metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of The Duchy of Lancaster exercises the right of the Crown in the area known as the County Palatine of Lancaster. The Duchy of Lancaster is one of the two Royal Duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall, and is the personal (inherited property of the A county palatine is an area ruled by a Count palatine (or Earl palatine who may hold the higher title of Duke) with special authority and autonomy

Divisions and environs

The area under the control of the county council, or shire county, is divided into a number of local government districts. A non-metropolitan county or shire county in England, is a county-level entity which is not a Metropolitan county. They are Burnley, Chorley, Fylde, Hyndburn, Lancaster, Pendle, Preston, the Ribble Valley, Rossendale, South Ribble, West Lancashire, and Wyre. Burnley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire in North West England, named for its main town Burnley Chorley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Fylde is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. The City of Lancaster (2002 population 133914 is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status South Ribble is a Non-metropolitan district and Borough of Lancashire, England. West Lancashire is a local government district of Lancashire, England. WYRE (810 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting an Oldies/Contemporary Hit format ^[5][6]

Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen are unitary authorities which form part of the county for various functions such as Lord Lieutenant but do not come under county council control. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Blackburn with Darwen is a Unitary authority area in Lancashire, North West England. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The title Lord Lieutenant is given to the British Monarch 's personal representatives in the United Kingdom, usually in a county or similar circumscription with varying ^[7] The Lancashire Constabulary covers the two unitary authorities. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England ^[8] The ceremonial county, the area including the unitary authorities, borders Cumbria, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, and the metropolitan counties of Greater Manchester, and Merseyside and forms part of the North West England region. Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in West Yorkshire is a Metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of Greater Manchester is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2 Merseyside is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1365900 North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. ^[9]

Lancashire County Council

Main article: Lancashire County Council

Logo

The county council, serving the shire county, is based in County Hall in Preston, built as a home for the Lancashire county administration (including the Quarter Sessions and Lancashire Constabulary) and opened on September 14, 1882. Lancashire County Council is the upper-tier Local authority for the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. The Courts of Quarter Sessions or Quarter Sessions were periodic courts held in each County and County borough in England and Wales until Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[10]

Local elections for 84 councillors from 84 divisions are held every four years. Lancashire County Council is elected every four years Political control Conservative 1973 - 1981 Labour 1981 - 1985 No overall control The council is currently controlled by the Labour Party. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the ^[11]

Physical geography

County top

The highest point of the ceremonial county is Gragareth, near Whernside, which reaches a height of 627 m (2,057 ft). Gragareth is a mountain in Lancashire, England. At it is claimed to be the highest point in Lancashire although Green Hill ( 2km north and on Whernside is a mountain in the Yorkshire Dales and is one of the Three Peaks, the other two being Ingleborough and Pen-y-ghent. ^[12] However, Green Hill near Gragareth has also been cited as the county top. Green Hill, is a Mountain in north west England. Its summit is above sea level Peak bagging (also hill bagging, mountain bagging, Munro bagging, or among enthusiasts just bagging) is an activity in which ^[13] The highest point within the historic boundaries is Coniston Old Man in the Lake District at 803 m (2,634 ft). The Old Man of Coniston is a Fell in the Furness Fells in the English Lake District. The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. ^[14]

Rivers and lakes

Lancashire drains west from the Pennines into the Irish Sea. The Pennines are a low-rising Mountain range in Northern England and southern Scotland. The major rivers which discharge into the sea are the Mersey (which forms the historic border with Cheshire and is now located entirely outside the ceremonial county), Ribble, Wyre and Lune. See also Mersey River (Tasmania and Mersey River (Nova Scotia. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. The River Wyre is a River in Lancashire, England, which flows into the Irish Sea at Fleetwood. For the fictional river in J R R Tolkien 's Middle-earth, see Lhûn. Now within Cumbria are the Leven and Duddon (which forms the historic border with Cumberland). The River Leven (pron levven) is a short river in the county of Cumbria, falling within the historic boundaries of Lancashire. The Duddon is a river of north-west England. It rises at a point 1289 feet (393 m above sea level near the Three Shire Stone at the highest point of Wrynose Cumberland is one of the 39 Historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1915 and now forms part of Major tributaries of these rivers include the Calder, Crake, Darwen, Douglas, Hodder, Irwell, Roch, Tame and Yarrow. The River Calder is a major tributary of the River Ribble starting above Burnley in Lancashire and is around 24 km / 15 miles in length The River Crake is a short river in the English Lake District. The River Darwen is a river running through Darwen and Blackburn in Lancashire. The River Douglas, also known as the River Asland, is a River that flows through Lancashire and Greater Manchester in the north-west The River Hodder is a river in Lancashire, England. The river is a County Biological Heritage Site. The River Irwell is a River flowing through the Irwell Valley in the counties of Lancashire and Greater Manchester The River Roch (pronounced "roach" is a River in Greater Manchester in North West England, a tributary of the River Irwell that The River Tame is a River in Greater Manchester, England. Source Rises on Denshaw Moor Abysinniayarrowjpg|thumb|300px|right|Shortly after departing the reservoirs the river passes through an area of Chorley formerly known as Abysinnia]]The River Yarrow is in Lancashire

Within the historic boundaries are the lakes of Windermere, Coniston Water and Esthwaite Water in the Lake District, which now form part of Cumbria. Windermere is the largest natural Lake in England. It has been one of the country’s most popular places for holidays and summer homes since 1847 when the Kendal Coniston Water (usually simply called Coniston locally in Cumbria, England is the third largest lake in the English Lake District. Esthwaite Water is one of the smaller and less well-known Lakes in the Lake District national park in northern England. ^[15][16] Windermere forms the traditional border with Westmorland, as does the River Brathay which feeds the lake at its northern end and the River Winster and flows into the Kent estuary to the south-east. Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties The Brathay is a river of north-west England. Its name comes from Old Norse and means broad river. The River Winster is a river in the English County of Cumbria. The River Kent is a short river in the county of Cumbria in England.

History

The Red Rose of Lancaster

The historic county boundaries

Pendle Hill, a landmark in the history of the Society of Friends. The Red Rose of Lancaster is the County flower of Lancashire. Pendle Hill is located in the north-east of Lancashire, England, near the towns of Burnley, Colne, Nelson and Clitheroe

Main article: History of Lancashire

The county was established in 1182^[3] and later than many other counties. See also Lancashire The History of Lancashire begins with its establishment as a county of England in 1182, making it one of the youngest In the Domesday Book, its lands between the Ribble and the Mersey were known as "Inter Ripam et Mersham"^[17] and were included in the returns for Cheshire. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. ^[18] Although some have taken this to mean that south Lancashire was, at that time, part of Cheshire,^[19][17] it cannot be said clearly to have been part of Cheshire. ^[20][21][22] It is also claimed that the territory to the north formed, at that time, part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. ^[23] It bordered on Cumberland, Westmorland, Yorkshire, and Cheshire. Cumberland is one of the 39 Historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1915 and now forms part of Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties The county was divided into the six hundreds of Amounderness, Blackburn, Leyland, Lonsdale, Salford and West Derby. Amounderness ( Andernes in ancient times is an area of northwest England. Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in Northern England. The Leyland hundred or Leylandshire, was a hundred of the English county of Lancashire. Lonsdale was a hundred of Lancashire, England. For many decades it covered most of the northwestern part of Lancashire around The hundred of Salford was an ancient division of the historic county of Lancashire, in Northern England. The hundred of West Derby (sometimes known as West Derbyshire) was an ancient division of the historic county of Lancashire, England ^[24] Lonsdale was further partitioned into Lonsdale North, which was the detached part north of Morecambe Bay (also known as Furness), and Lonsdale South. Morecambe Bay is a large bay in northwest England, nearly due east of the Isle of Man and just to the south of the Lake District National Park Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. The Red Rose of Lancaster is the traditional symbol for the House of Lancaster, immortalized in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th century War of the Roses). The Red Rose of Lancaster is the County flower of Lancashire. The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York

Lancashire is now much smaller than its historic extent due to a local government reform. ^[25] In 1889 an administrative county of Lancashire was created, covering the historic county except for county boroughs such as Liverpool and Manchester. Administrative counties were a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government from 1889 to 1974 County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary ^[26] The area covered by the Lord-Lieutenant (termed now a ceremonial county) continued to cover the entirety of the administrative county along with the county boroughs, and thus was expanded slightly whenever boroughs annexed areas in other neighbouring counties. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Examples of this include Wythenshawe (an area of Manchester south of the River Mersey and historically in Cheshire), and southern Warrington. Wythenshawe (pop 66000 is a district in the south of the City of Manchester in North West England. See also Mersey River (Tasmania and Mersey River (Nova Scotia. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. Warrington is a large town borough and Unitary authority area in Cheshire, England. This area also did not cover the western part of Todmorden, where the traditional border between Lancashire and Yorkshire runs through the middle of the town. Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain.

During the 20th century the county became increasingly urbanised, particularly the southern part. To the existing county boroughs of Barrow-in-Furness, Blackburn, Bolton, Bootle, Burnley, Bury, Liverpool, Manchester, Oldham, Preston, Rochdale, Salford, St Helens and Wigan were added Blackpool (1904), Southport (1905), and Warrington (1900). Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Bolton was from 1838 to 1974 a local government district in the northwest of England, coterminate with the town of Bolton. Bootle is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Oldham was from 1849 to 1974 a Local government district in the northwest of England. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. The County Borough of Rochdale was from 1889 to 1974 a Local government district coterminate with the town of Rochdale in the northwest of England Salford lies at the heart of the City of Salford, a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. St Helens ( is a large town in Merseyside, England It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens with a population of just over 100000 The County Borough of Wigan was from 1889 to 1974 a local government district centred on Wigan in the northwest of England. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. The County Borough of Warrington was from 1889 to 1974 a local government district centred on Warrington in the northwest of England. The county boroughs also had many boundary extensions. The borders around the Manchester area were particularly complicated, with narrow protrusions of the administrative county between the county boroughs - Lees urban district formed a detached part of the administrative county, between Oldham county borough and the West Riding of Yorkshire. Lees (pop 10100 is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England ^[27]

Lancashire in 1961
	County boroughs
	1. Burnley	10. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Oldham
	2. Oldham was from 1849 to 1974 a Local government district in the northwest of England. Preston	11. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Wigan
	3. The County Borough of Wigan was from 1889 to 1974 a local government district centred on Wigan in the northwest of England. Rochdale	12. The County Borough of Rochdale was from 1889 to 1974 a Local government district coterminate with the town of Rochdale in the northwest of England Manchester
	4. Barrow-in-Furness	13. Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. Salford
	5. Salford lies at the heart of the City of Salford, a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. Blackpool	14. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Bootle
	6. Bootle is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Blackburn	15. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley St Helens
	7. Southport	16. Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. Liverpool
	8. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Bury	17. Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of Warrington
	9. The County Borough of Warrington was from 1889 to 1974 a local government district centred on Warrington in the northwest of England. Bolton

By the census of 1971 the population of Lancashire (including all its associated county boroughs) had reached 5,129,416, making it then the most populous geographic county in the UK. Bolton was from 1838 to 1974 a local government district in the northwest of England, coterminate with the town of Bolton. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The administrative county of Lancashire was also the most populous of its type outside of London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the administrative county of Lancashire was abolished, as were the county boroughs. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales The urbanised southern part largely became part of two new metropolitan counties. The metropolitan counties are a type of county-level Administrative division of England. The south-western part became part of Merseyside, the south-eastern part was incorporated into Greater Manchester. Merseyside is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1365900 Greater Manchester is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2 ^[28] The new county of Cumbria took the Furness exclave. Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy ^[3] The boroughs of Liverpool, Knowsley, St Helens and Sefton were entirely from Lancashire. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley is a Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England. The Metropolitan Borough of St Helens is a Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England. In Greater Manchester the successor boroughs were Bury, Bolton, Manchester, Oldham (part), Rochdale, Salford, Tameside (part), Trafford (part) and Wigan. The Metropolitan borough of Bury is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in the northwest of England. The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. The Metropolitan Borough of Oldham is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. The Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in North West England. The City of Salford is a Local government district of Greater Manchester, England with the status of a city and Metropolitan borough. The Metropolitan Borough of Tameside is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in North West England. The Metropolitan Borough of Trafford is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England The Metropolitan Borough of Wigan is a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. Warrington and Widnes, south of the new Merseyside/Greater Manchester border, rather than become part of Greater Manchester or Merseyside were instead made part of the new non-metropolitan county of Cheshire. Warrington is a large town borough and Unitary authority area in Cheshire, England. Widnes is an industrial town within the borough of Halton, in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England with an urban area population of 57663 in Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. The urban districts of Barnoldswick and Earby, the Bowland Rural District and the parishes of Bracewell and Brogden and Salterforth from the Skipton Rural District from the West Riding of Yorkshire became part of the new Lancashire. Barnoldswick (colloquially known as Barlick) is a town and Civil parish within the West Craven area of the Pendle district of Lancashire Earby is a small town within the Pendle district of Lancashire, England. Bowland was a Rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974 Bracewell and Brogden is a Civil parish in the Pendle district of Lancashire, England. Salterforth is a village and Civil parish within the Pendle borough of Lancashire, England. Skipton was a Rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974. The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. ^[4] One parish, Simonswood, was transferred from the borough of Knowsley in Merseyside to the district of West Lancashire in 1994. Simonswood is a Civil parish in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley is a Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England. West Lancashire is a local government district of Lancashire, England. ^[29]

In 1998 the county borough system re-appeared in all but name, when Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen became independent unitary authorities. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Blackburn with Darwen is a Unitary authority area in Lancashire, North West England. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The City of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA, founded in 1742, was named after Lancaster, Lancashire. Lancaster is a city in the South Central part of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is the County seat of Lancaster County. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England. Its neighbour city, York, PA, is located about 30 miles to the west. York, known as the White Rose City (after the Wars of the Roses) is a city located in South Central Pennsylvania. The War of the Roses tradition continued with Lancaster using as its symbol the red rose and York the white.

Local identity

A pressure group, the Friends of Real Lancashire, seek to promote use of the historic borders, and raised a petition in 1994 with 30,000 signatures calling "for the restoration of Lancashire's historic boundaries". The Friends of Real Lancashire are an outsider pressure group affiliated to the Association of British Counties calling for the wider recognition of the historic ^[30][31] The petition requested that the "Metropolitan Counties of Merseyside, Greater Manchester and Cumbria [sic] be abolished and the real and historic county of Lancashire be restored". There is also a long-running campaign for Southport to be removed from Sefton in Merseyside. Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. ^[32]

Greater Manchester was never adopted as a postal county by the Royal Mail, and so places in Greater Manchester retained their Lancashire and Cheshire addresses until the abolition of postal counties in 1996. The postal counties of the United Kingdom, now known officially as the former postal counties, were subdivisions of the UK in routine use by the Royal Mail Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom. Rochdale and Wigan, for example, were classed as parts of Lancashire. Other changes to the administrative borders were reflected in the postal counties.

Lancashire has a fairly strong identity as a county. In the areas that have since been transferred into other administrative counties, attachment to Lancashire varies. In the Lancastrian parts of Greater Manchester, attachment to Lancashire is still strong, as it is in the area North of the Sands that was transferred to Cumbria. In Merseyside, attachment to Lancashire tends to weaken as one gets closer to Liverpool itself. ^[33]

There has always been a small separatist movement in Lancashire. Separatism refers to the advocacy of a state of cultural ethnic tribal religious racial or gender separation from the larger group often with demands for greater political autonomy Although practically extinct these days, its heyday was undoubtedly at the turn of the 19th century. As recently as the late 1970s, meetings were held under various banners, mostly in rural districts around Garstang and the Forest of Bowland. Its stance became increasingly less radical until it merely disintegrated. Their argument surrounded historical issues over the county's unique heritage, in particular its unique Roman Catholic past. Arguments were made that the county's people were of a different background, some way in between Manx, Welsh and Cumbric (ancient Cumbria). These mainly evolved from the fact that the Anglo-Saxon folk migration never really reached Lancashire, and that, along with Wales, Cumbria, Cornwall and the Isle of Man, it maintained a more Celtic bloodline. Its major downfall was that Lancashire never really had a unique language, unlike Wales and Cornwall, although Cumbric was once spoken throughout Lancashire (as well as Cumbria) until as late as the 12th Century. Cumbric was the Brythonic Celtic language, often considered to be a Dialect of Welsh, spoken in Northern England and southern Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy The Cymric kingdom of Rheged, which covered all of Northwest England, was never conquered by the Anglo-Saxons and merely incorporated peacefully into England. Rheged IPA r̥ɛgɛd was a Brythonic kingdom of Sub-Roman Britain, whose inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a dialect of Brythonic closely related North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Therefore, Lancashire was never invaded, and retains a very similar bloodline to the one found there in there when the Romans left. Emphasis was placed on its rural culture and customs, and its staunch Catholic faith.

Today, the occasional Lancashire flag (yellow and red with three red roses) is seen flying around Clitheroe and Garstang.

Duchy of Lancaster

The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two remaining royal duchies in the United Kingdom. The Duchy of Lancaster is one of the two Royal Duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall, and is the personal (inherited property of the It has large landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, and operates as a property company, but also exercises the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. ^[34] The Duchy's website now describes the County Palatine as comprising of "the counties of Lancashire, Greater Manchester, Merseyside and the Furness area of Cumbria"^[35]. These new counties include areas formerly in Cheshire and Yorkshire and it is unclear as to whether this is a reference to the whole of the new counties or just the parts that comprised the Palatine prior to the 1974 boundary changes. Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. However, in 1992 it was stated by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, William Waldegrave that the "boundaries of the county palatine are the same as the county boundaries which existed prior to local government reorganisation in 1973"^[36]

High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster". William Arthur Waldegrave Baron Waldegrave of North Hill, PC (born 15 August 1946 educated at Eton College, Corpus Christi College Oxford and now a ^[37]

The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate, and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. Bona vacantia ( Latin for "vacant goods" is a Common law Doctrine in the United Kingdom under which ownerless property passes by law

There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title having merged in the Crown many centuries ago - but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the Duchy of Lancaster. A separate court system for the county palatine was finally abolished by Courts Act 1971. The Courts Act 1971 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (1971 c A particular form of The Loyal Toast is still in regular local use: 'The Queen, Duke of Lancaster'. The Loyal Toast is the first toast to be given at a formal gathering by the presiding person

Industry and commerce

Lancashire in the 19th century was a major centre of industrial activity and hence of wealth. Activities included mining and textile production (particularly cotton), though on the coast there was also fishing. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp Historically, the docks in Preston were an industrial port, though are now disused for commercial purposes. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Lancashire was historically the location of the Mersey Ports (now on Merseyside) while Barrow-in-Furness (now in Cumbria) is famous for shipbuilding. Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a

Today Lancashire is home to firms such as BAE Systems (which has four factories in Lancashire including Warton Aerodrome and BAE Samlesbury, major centres of production for the Eurofighter Typhoon and F-35 Joint Strike Fighter), Heinz, TVR cars, Leyland Trucks and Marconi telecoms. BAE Systems plc (BAE is a British defence and aerospace company headquartered in Farnborough, England, that has global interests particularly Warton Aerodrome is located near to Warton village on the Fylde peninsula in Lancashire, England. Samlesbury is a small village and Civil parish in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. TVR is an independent British manufacturer of Sports cars based in the English town of Blackpool, Lancashire. Leyland Trucks is a British truck manufacturer based in Leyland, Lancashire. telent plc is a Radio, Telecommunication, and Internet systems installation & services provision company.

Economic output

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of the non-metropolitan county of Lancashire at current basic prices published (pp. 240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

Education

Main article: List of schools in Lancashire

Lancashire has a mostly comprehensive system with four state grammar schools. This lists the Schools located in the county of Lancashire, including the unitary authorities of Blackburn and Blackpool. Not including sixth form colleges, there are 77 state schools (not including Burnley's new schools) and 24 independent schools. A sixth form college is an educational institution in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Hong Kong or Malta where students aged 16 The Clitheroe area also has secondary modern schools. Sixth form provision is limited at most schools in most districts, with only Fylde and Lancaster districts having mostly sixth forms at schools. The rest (most schools) depend on FE colleges and sixth form colleges, where they exist. South Ribble has the largest school population, with Fylde the smallest (only three schools). Burnley's schools have had a new broom and have essentially been knocked down and started again in 2006. There are many Catholic secondary schools in Lancashire.

Transport

Lancashire has an extensive network of motorways covering the county and the West Coast Main Line provides direct rail links with London and other major cities, with stations at Preston and Lancaster. The West Coast Main Line (WCML is a busy mixed-traffic railway route in the United Kingdom. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Preston railway station serves the city of Preston in Lancashire, England and is a major station on the West Coast Main Line. Lancaster railway station (formerly known as Lancaster Castle railway station) is a Railway station that serves the city of Lancaster in The county has many other railway stations. The county is served by Blackpool International Airport, however Manchester Airport in Greater Manchester is the main airport in the region. Blackpool International Airport is a small international Airport, on the outskirts of Blackpool on the Fylde coast, Lancashire in Manchester Airport is a major Airport in the vicinity of Manchester, England, and the largest airport in the United Kingdom outside the Liverpool John Lennon Airport, on Merseyside is also nearby.

Heysham and Fleetwood offer ferry services to Ireland and the Isle of Man. Heysham ( IPA /ˈhiːʃəm/ "hee-sham" is a large coastal Village near Lancaster in the county of Lancashire, England Fleetwood is a town within the Wyre district of Lancashire, England, lying at the northwest corner of The Fylde. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn or Mann (Mannin) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical ^[42] As part of its industrial past, Lancashire gave rise to an extensive network of canals, which extend into neighbouring counties. These include the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, Lancaster Canal, Bridgewater Canal, Rochdale Canal, Ashton Canal and Manchester Ship Canal. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool. The Lancaster Canal is a Canal in the north of England, originally planned to run from Westhoughton in Lancashire to Kendal in south The Bridgewater Canal is a Canal in North West England, connecting Runcorn, Manchester, and Leigh. The Rochdale Canal is a navigable "broad" Canal in Northern England, part of the connected system of the Canals of Great Britain. The Ashton Canal is a Canal built in Greater Manchester in Northern England. The Manchester Ship Canal is a wide long river navigation in North West England, opened on 21 May 1894

Demographics

The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. The Fylde is a coastal Plain in western Lancashire, England. It is roughly a 13-mile (20-kilometre square -shaped Peninsula, bounded Greater Blackpool is the informal name for the urban area surrounding Blackpool in Lancashire, England. The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lancashire New Town designated in 1970. Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England. Central Lancashire, also known as Preston City was a designated new town in England. The north is generally sparsely populated, with Morecambe and Lancaster forming a small conurbation. Morecambe is a resort town within the City of Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England.

Settlements

Main article: List of places in Lancashire. This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England.

The table below has divided the settlements into their local authority district. Each district has a centre of administration; for some of these correlate with a district's largest town, while others are named after the geographical area.

This table does not form an extensive list of the settlements in the ceremonial county. Chorley is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England. Adlington is a Town in Lancashire, England near the West Pennine Moors and the larger town of Chorley. Clayton-le-Woods is a large village and Civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, in Lancashire, England. Coppull (historically known as Cophulle, Crophull or Crophill) meaning "a cropped hill" or a "hill rising to a peak” is a Lancashire Croston is a Village in Lancashire, England between Chorley and Southport and is next to the River Yarrow. Eccleston is a village and Civil parish of the Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England. Euxton is a village and Civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, in Lancashire, England. Whittle-le-Woods is a village and Civil parish of the Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England. Fylde is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Lytham St Annes is a conurbation in the Fylde district of Lancashire, England. Freckleton is a village on the Fylde coast in Lancashire, England, to the south of Kirkham and east of the seaside resort of Lytham St Annes Kirkham, or as it once was known Kirkam-in- Amounderness is a Town in the Fylde district of Lancashire, England, midway Warton is a village on the The Fylde in Lancashire, England. The village is about six miles from Preston and eight miles from Blackpool Wrea Green is a village in the Fylde borough of Lancashire, England. Hyndburn is a local government district with Borough status in Lancashire, England. Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Church is a large Village in Hyndburn, Lancashire, England; situated a mile west of Accrington. Clayton-le-Moors is a township in Hyndburn in Lancashire, England, a suburb of Accrington. Great Harwood is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England. Oswaldtwistle (pronounced 'Oswald-twistle' is a town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Lancashire, 3 miles east-south-east of Blackburn. Rishton is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, about 2 miles west of Clayton-le-Moors and 4 miles east of The City of Lancaster (2002 population 133914 is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England. Bolton-le-Sands is a large village in the Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. Carnforth is a small town near Lancaster in the north of Lancashire, England, situated at the north-east end of Morecambe Bay, by the River Keer Heysham ( IPA /ˈhiːʃəm/ "hee-sham" is a large coastal Village near Lancaster in the county of Lancashire, England Morecambe is a resort town within the City of Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England with a population of 28998 in 2001 Barnoldswick (colloquially known as Barlick) is a town and Civil parish within the West Craven area of the Pendle district of Lancashire Barrowford is a large village and Civil parish in the Pendle district of Lancashire, England. Brierfield is a small town (population approx over 9000 situated in Lancashire, England, in the district of Pendle. Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 Earby is a small town within the Pendle district of Lancashire, England. Foulridge (pronounced "foalridge" is a small village and Civil parish in Pendle, Lancashire, close to the border Trawden is a medium sized but rapidly expanding village in Trawden Forest Parish of Pendle, Lancashire, England, situated at the foot of Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Barton is a Linear village and Civil parish in the Preston district of Lancashire, England. Broughton is a village in the Preston district of Lancashire, England, about four miles north of Preston city centre Fulwood is a suburb in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, about two miles north of the city centre Goosnargh ( is a village and Civil parish on the north side of Preston, Lancashire, England. Grimsargh is a village and Civil parish to the east of Preston in Lancashire, England. Whittingham is a Civil parish in the Preston local government district of Lancashire in England. Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although Clitheroe is a town and Civil parish in the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England. Bolton-by-Bowland is a village and Civil parish in the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England. Chipping is a Village and Civil parish of the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England, within the Forest of Bowland Hurst Green is a small village in the Ribble Valley, Lancashire connected in its history to the Jesuit school Stonyhurst College. Longridge is a small Town in the borough of Ribble Valley in Lancashire, England. This article is about the English village For other uses of the word "read" see Reading. Ribchester is a village in the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England, northwest of Blackburn and east of Preston. Slaidburn is a village and Civil parish within the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England. For other meanings see Whalley. Whalley is a large village in the Ribble Valley on the banks of the River Calder in Wilpshire is a suburb of Blackburn in the county of Lancashire, England. Rossendale is a local government district with Borough status Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, Bacup is a town within the Rossendale borough of Lancashire, England. Chatterton is a small hamlet in the southern part of the Rossendale Valley, Lancashire. Edenfield is a village within the Rossendale borough of Lancashire, England. Haslingden is a small town in the Rossendale Valley in Lancashire, lying 19 miles (30 km north of Manchester. Helmshore is a village in the Rossendale Valley, Lancashire, England. Whitworth is a village and Civil parish within the Rossendale borough of Lancashire, England. South Ribble is a Non-metropolitan district and Borough of Lancashire, England. Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Bamber Bridge is a village to the south of Preston, Lancashire, England. Farington is a small village to the immediate north of Leyland, Lancashire, England. Longton is a small rural community in the west of the borough of South Ribble, Lancashire about 5 km south west of Preston. Lostock Hall is a small village in Lancashire to the south of Preston and to the north of Farington. Penwortham is a town on the south bank of the River Ribble facing the city of Preston, Lancashire. Samlesbury is a small village and Civil parish in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Walton-le-Dale is a primarily residential area to the south-east of the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. West Lancashire is a local government district of Lancashire, England. Ormskirk is a Market town in West Lancashire, England. It is situated north of Liverpool, and southwest Not to be confused with Apperley Bridge, in West Yorkshire Appley Bridge is a village in West Lancashire, England Aughton is a village and Civil parish within the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England, situated Banks is a large village in Lancashire, England. It lies just off the Irish Sea coast on the Banks Marsh and beach four miles (6 km north-east of the Bickerstaffe is a village and Civil parish in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. Burscough (pronounced Burs/co is a Village and Civil parish within West Lancashire, in North West England, to the north Downholland is a civil parish in Lancashire, England on the West Lancashire Coastal Plain. Great Altcar is a village and Civil parish in West Lancashire, close to Formby on the West Lancashire Coastal Plain. Halsall is a Village and Civil parish in West Lancashire, England, located close to Ormskirk on the A5147 and Leeds Lathom is a village and Civil parish in Lancashire, England, about 5 km northeast of Ormskirk. Parbold is a large commuter village and Civil parish in the county of Lancashire in England. Rufford is a Village in West Lancashire, England. It lies at a point where the Leeds and Liverpool Canal (Rufford Branch the Liverpool Scarisbrick (commonly pronounced as "Scays-brick" is a Village and Civil parish in West Lancashire, England. Skelmersdale is a town in West Lancashire, England. It lies on high-ground on the River Tawd, to the northeast of Liverpool, south-southwest Tarleton is an English village situated in the Lancashire marshlands near Southport, and to the south of Preston. Upholland or Up Holland, as it is frequently spelt locally and on Ordnance Survey maps is a Civil parish and small town in West Lancashire, England WYRE (810 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting an Oldies/Contemporary Hit format Poulton-le-Fylde (commonly shortened by locals to just Poulton) is a town within the Wyre borough of Lancashire, England. Kirkland is a Civil parish located on the banks of the River Wyre midway between Preston and Lancaster in the English county of Cleveleys (with its neighbouring town of Thornton, collectively known as Thornton-Cleveleys) is a town on the Fylde Coast of Lancashire, Fleetwood is a town within the Wyre district of Lancashire, England, lying at the northwest corner of The Fylde. Garstang is a town parish within the Wyre borough of Lancashire, England. Pilling is a village and Civil parish within the Wyre borough of Lancashire, England. Preesall (until 1910 known as Preesall with Hackensall) is a village and Civil parish in Lancashire, England. St Michael's on Wyre is a village on The Fylde in Lancashire, England, close to the River Wyre. Thornton (together with its neighbouring town of Cleveleys, known as Thornton-Cleveleys) is a town on the Fylde, in Lancashire, England More settlements can be found at Category:Towns in Lancashire, Category:Villages in Lancashire, and Category:Parishes of Lancashire.

Blackpool Tower

Some settlements which were historically part of the county now fall under the counties of West Yorkshire, Cheshire, Merseyside, Greater Manchester and Cumbria:^{[3][4][28][43][26][44][45]}

Note: Cities are in bold
† - part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974

Boundary changes to occur before 1974 include:^[45]

• Todmorden (split between Lancashire and Yorkshire) entirely to West Riding of Yorkshire in 1889
• Mossley (split between Lancashire, Yorkshire and Cheshire) entirely to Lancashire in 1889
• Stalybridge, entirely to Cheshire in 1889
• the former county boroughs of Manchester and Warrington both extended south of the Mersey into historic Cheshire (areas such as Wythenshawe and Latchford)
• correspondingly, the former county borough of Stockport extended north into historic Lancashire, including areas such as Reddish and the Heatons (Heaton Chapel, Heaton Mersey, Heaton Moor and Heaton Norris). Blackpool Tower is a tourist attraction in Blackpool, Lancashire in England which was opened to the public on 14 May 1894. West Yorkshire is a Metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England with a population of Cheshire (or archaically the County of Chester) is a county in North West England. Merseyside is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1365900 Greater Manchester is a Metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2 Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy Ashton-in-Makerfield (or archaically Ashton-in-the-Willows) is a town both in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester Ashton-under-Lyne (pop 43200 is a Market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, Greater Manchester, England Bolton ( is a large town in Greater Manchester, in the North West region of England. Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of Chadderton (pop 33000 is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England. Denton is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. Eccles is a town within the Metropolitan borough of the City of Salford, in Greater Manchester, England. Farnworth is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. Heywood is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, England Horwich (pronounced "Horrich" is a town and Civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, in Greater Manchester, England Hindley is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan in Greater Manchester, England. Leigh is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, in Greater Manchester, England Middleton is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, England. Oldham is a large town in Greater Manchester, England It lies amongst the Pennines on elevated ground between the rivers Irk and Medlock Prestwich is a town and residential suburb of Manchester within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England. Radcliffe is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England. Rochdale is a large Market town in Greater Manchester, England Salford lies at the heart of the City of Salford, a Metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in North West England. Swinton and Pendlebury was a local government district in the administrative county of Lancashire, England. Tyldesley (pronounced "tils-lee" is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, in Greater Manchester, England. Westhoughton is a town and Civil parish of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England Wigan is a large town in Greater Manchester, England. It stands on the River Douglas, south of Preston, west-northwest of Manchester Bootle is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Crosby is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, on Merseyside, England Formby is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton in Merseyside, England. Huyton is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, in Merseyside, England. Kirkby ( IPA /ˈkɝbiː/ — the second "k" is silent is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley on Merseyside in England Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Maghull is a town and Civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Newton-le-Willows is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, in Merseyside, England. Prescot is a town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley on Merseyside, England. St Helens ( is a large town in Merseyside, England It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens with a population of just over 100000 Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. Coniston is a Village in the region of Furness, England. It is located in the southern part of the Lake District National Park, between Dalton-in-Furness is a small town of approximately 11000 people north-east of Barrow-in-Furness, in Cumbria, England. Grange-over-Sands is a town by the sea or depending on the state of the extensive tide sands in Cumbria, England. Ulverston is a Market town in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria in north-west England. Warrington is a large town borough and Unitary authority area in Cheshire, England. Widnes is an industrial town within the borough of Halton, in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England with an urban area population of 57663 in Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England Mossley is a small town and Civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, in Greater Manchester, England. Stalybridge is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, in Greater Manchester, England Wythenshawe (pop 66000 is a district in the south of the City of Manchester in North West England. Latchford is a Suburban District and electoral ward of the unitary borough of Warrington, in Cheshire, England Reddish is an area of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, in Greater Manchester, England. The Four Heatons (pop70000 are four affluent suburbs to the northwest of Stockport, bordering the city of Manchester, England. Heaton Chapel is an area in the northern part of Stockport, Greater Manchester, England. Heaton Mersey is situated north west of Stockport, England on the border with Didsbury and Burnage. Heaton Moor is one of the Four Heatons located in Stockport. It borders on Heaton Chapel, Heaton Norris and Heaton Mersey. Heaton Norris is now a mainly residential area of Stockport, England bordering on Heaton Chapel, Heaton Mersey and Heaton Moor.

Sport

The newly redeveloped Deepdale stadium home of Preston North End

Cricket

Lancashire County Cricket Club, based at the County Ground, Old Trafford,^[46] has been one of the most successful county cricket teams, particularly in the one-day game. Deepdale is a Stadium in the Deepdale area of Preston, England, the home of Preston North End F Preston North End Football Club is an English professional football club located in the Deepdale area of the city of Preston, Lancashire Lancashire County Cricket Club is one of the eighteen major county clubs which make up the English domestic Cricket structure representing the historic The Old Trafford Cricket Ground, usually known as simply Old Trafford, is a Cricket ground situated on Talbot Road in Old Trafford, an area of County cricket is the highest level of domestic Cricket in England and Wales NightMatchOldTraffordjpg|right|thumb|350px|A night match at Old Trafford. It is home to England cricket team members Andrew Flintoff, James Anderson and Sajid Mahmood. The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. Andrew Flintoff, MBE, (born 6 December 1977 in Preston, Lancashire) is a Cricketer who plays for Lancashire and England. James Michael "Jimmy" Anderson (born 30 July 1982 in Burnley Lancashire) is an international English Cricketer He plays First-class Sajid Iqbal Mahmood (born 21 December 1981 in Bolton, Greater Manchester) is an English Cricketer of Pakistani Janjua Rajput descent

Historically important local cricket leagues include the Lancashire League and the Central Lancashire League, both of which were formed in 1892. The Lancashire League is a competitive league of local Cricket clubs drawn from the small to middle-sized mill towns mainly but not exclusively of East Lancashire The Central Lancashire League ( CLL) is a fifteen team Cricket league traditionally based in Lancashire, England. These league clubs hire international professional players to play alongside their amateur players.

Football

Lancashire is the most successful of all counties in England at football - the historic county contains successful teams such as Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City and Manchester United. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. Blackburn Rovers Football Club is an English Premier League football club based in the town of Blackburn, Lancashire. Bolton Wanderers Football Club is an English professional football club based in Horwich, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Everton Football Club is an English football club located in the city of Liverpool. Liverpool Football Club are an English professional Association football club based in Liverpool England. TalkManchester City FC before changing verbs to singular --> Manchester City Football Club is an English professional football club Lancashire teams have achieved 52 out of 113 top-flight Football League / Premier League titles, 8 out of 11 English European Cups victories and 44 out of 127 FA Cups. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after Six of the twelve clubs which founded the Football League were from Lancashire.

Other teams based in Lancashire are:

• Premier League: Blackburn Rovers and Wigan Athletic
• Championship: Burnley, Preston North End and Blackpool
• League One: Oldham Athletic
• League Two: Bury, Accrington Stanley, Morecambe and Rochdale. Blackburn Rovers Football Club is an English Premier League football club based in the town of Blackburn, Lancashire. Wigan Athletic Football Club is a professional football team based in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. The Football League Championship (often referred to as The Championship for short or the Coca-Cola Football League Championship for sponsorship reasons Burnley Football Club, nicknamed The Clarets, is a professional football club managed by Owen Coyle and based in Burnley, Lancashire Preston North End Football Club is an English professional football club located in the Deepdale area of the city of Preston, Lancashire Blackpool Football Club are an English football club founded in 1887 and located in the Lancashire seaside town of Blackpool. Football League One (often referred to as League One for short or Coca-Cola Football League 1 for sponsorship reasons is the second-highest division of The Football Oldham Athletic Football Club (2004 Ltd, more commonly Oldham Athletic Football Club or informally Oldham Athletic, is an English football club Football League Two (often referred to as League Two for short or Coca-Cola Football League 2 for Sponsorship reasons is the third-highest division of Bury Football Club is an English association football team based in Bury, Greater Manchester. Accrington Stanley Football Club is an English football club from Accrington in Lancashire, in the north-west of England formed in 1968 Morecambe Football Club is an English football club based in Morecambe, Lancashire. Rochdale Association Football Club is a English professional football club based in Rochdale, Greater Manchester.

Rugby

Several successful rugby league teams are based within the historic boundaries of Lancashire, mainly in the south of the county:

• Super League: Salford City Reds, St Helens, Warrington Wolves, Wigan Warriors
• National League One: Leigh Centurions, Rochdale Hornets, Widnes Vikings
• National League Two: Barrow Raiders, Blackpool Panthers,Oldham Roughyeds, Swinton Lions

Of these only Blackpool Panthers are based within the ceremonial county. History See also History of rugby league The grass roots of rugby league can be traced to early football history, through the playing of ball games Salford City Reds is a professional Rugby league club based in Salford in Greater Manchester, England. Warrington is a professional Rugby league club in the town of Warrington, Cheshire in England. Wigan Warriors Rugby League Football Club is a professional Rugby league club based in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. Media Some games are shown on Sky Sports, games involving Celtic Crusaders are shown on Welsh-language channel S4C. Leigh Centurions are a semi-professional Rugby league club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England. Rochdale Hornets is an English Rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. Widnes Vikings are a professional Rugby league club based in Widnes, Cheshire. Barrow Raiders are a British Rugby league team from Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria. Blackpool Panthers RLFC are an English professional Rugby league team based in Lytham St Annes, Lancashire. Oldham Roughyeds are a British Rugby league club currently playing in the League Two of the National Leagues. Swinton Lions is a British Rugby league club from Swinton and Pendlebury, Greater Manchester, England.

Rugby union teams include Fylde, Orrell R.U.F.C. and Preston Grasshoppers. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Fylde Rugby Union Club is a Rugby union club based in Lytham St Annes, on the Fylde coast in Lancashire whose first team plays in English Orrell Rugby Union Football Club is a Rugby union team from the Orrell district of the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester Preston Grasshoppers Rugby Football Club is a Rugby union team from Preston, Lancashire.

Other

Lancashire has a long history of wrestling, developing its own style called Lancashire wrestling with many clubs that over the years have produced many renowned wrestlers. Catch wrestling is a style of Wrestling. Catch wrestling is arguably the ancestor of modern Grappling, Professional wrestling, Mixed martial arts Lancashire wrestling is an historic Wrestling style from Lancashire in England Some of these have crossed over into the mainstream world of professional wrestling, including Billy Riley, Davey Boy Smith, William Regal and The Dynamite Kid. Professional wrestling, or pro wrestling, is a non-competitive professional Sport, where all matches are scripted by the promotion's booking staff Billy Riley is a practitioner of Catch wrestling. The Briton taught some of the figures in catch wrestling at his training school called "The Snake Pit" The British Bulldog redirects here for other uses see British Bulldog. Darren Kenneth Matthews In WWF/E he is a former Intercontinental Champion, 4 time European Champion, a 5 time Hardcore Champion Thomas Billington (born 5 December 1958 in Golborne Lancashire is a retired English Professional wrestler who competed in the World Wrestling Federation

Cuisine

The Ashton Memorial, Lancaster

Lancashire is widely-known for its eponymous Lancashire Hotpot, a casserole dish traditionally made with lamb and for Lancashire cheese, reputed to be the best toasting cheese in the world. The Ashton Memorial is a Folly in Williamson Park, Lancaster England built between 1907 and 1909 by millionaire industrialist Baron Ashton in Lancashire hotpot is a culinary dish consisting essentially of Meat, Onion and Potatoes left to bake in the oven all day in a heavy pot and on a low heat A casserole, from the French for "saucepan" is a large deep pot or dish used both in the Oven and as a serving dish Lamb, hogget, and mutton are the meat of Domestic sheep. The meat of an animal in its first year is lamb; that of an older sheep is hogget Lancashire cheese, a crumbly English cow's-milk Cheese, is considered one of the premier products of the county Cheese is a Food made from Milk, usually the milk of cows, Buffalo, Goats or sheep, by coagulation. Other traditional foods from the area include:

• Bénédictine, 80% of the worlds Benedictine is drunk in Burnley. Bénédictine is an Herbal Liqueur Beverage produced in France.
• Black peas, also known as parched peas: popular in Bolton and Preston. Black peas, also called parched peas or maple peas, form a traditional Lancashire dish served often on or around Bonfire Night (5th November Bolton ( is a large town in Greater Manchester, in the North West region of England. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble.
• Black Pudding: long associated with the town of Bury. Black pudding or (less often blood pudding is a British English term for Sausage made by cooking blood with a filler until it is thick enough to congeal Bury is a town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the River Irwell, north-northwest of the city of Manchester, west-southwest of
• Bury Simnel: cross between a fruitcake and a biscuit. Simnel cake is a light Fruit cake, similar to a Christmas cake, covered in Marzipan, and eaten at Easter in The UK and Ireland Eaten on Simnel or Mid-Lent Sunday. Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter.
• Butter Cake - slice of bread and butter.
• Clapbread: oatcake. An oatcake is a type of cracker or Pancake, made from Oatmeal, and sometimes Flour as well
• Chorley cakes: from the town of Chorley. Chorley cakes are flattened fruit-filled pastry cakes traditionally associated with the town of Chorley in Lancashire, England. Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England.
• Ducks: faggots as in savoury ducks. A faggot is a kind of meatball a traditional dish in the UK, especially the Midlands of England.
• Eccles cakes: from the town of Eccles. An Eccles cake is a small round cake filled with currants and made from Puff pastry with butter and topped with demerara sugar. Eccles is a town within the Metropolitan borough of the City of Salford, in Greater Manchester, England.
• Fag Pie: pie made from chopped dried figs, sugar and lard. Associated with Blackburn and Burnley where it was the highlight of Fag Pie Sunday (Mid-Lent Sunday). Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter.
• Fish and Chips: first fish and chip shop in northern England opened in Mossley near Oldham around 1863. Fish and chips (sometimes written " fish ’n’ chips " is a popular Take-away food originating from the United Kingdom. Mossley is a small town and Civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, in Greater Manchester, England. ^[47]
• Frog-i'-th'-'ole pudding: now known as toad in the hole. Toad in the hole is also the name of a pub game See Entombed animal for the paranormal phenomenon
• Frumenty: sweet porridge. Frumenty (sometimes furmity, fromity, or fermenty) was a popular dish in Western European Medieval cuisine. Once a popular dish at Lancashire festivals like Christmas and Easter Monday.
• Goosnargh Cakes: Small flat shortbread biscuits with coriander or caraway seeds pressed into the biscuit before baking. Goosnargh ( is a village and Civil parish on the north side of Preston, Lancashire, England. Shortbread is a type of Biscuit ( Cookie) which is traditionally made from one part white sugar, two parts Butter, and three parts oatmeal Caraway or Persian cumin ( Carum carvi) is a Biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to Europe and western Asia Traditionally baked on feast days like Shrove Tuesday. Shrove Tuesday is the term used in Ireland the United Kingdom Australia and Canada to refer to the day after Shrove Monday (or the more old fashioned Collop Monday
• Jannock: cake or small loaf of oatmeal. Allegedly introduced to Lancashire (possibly Bolton by Flemish weavers. Bolton ( is a large town in Greater Manchester, in the North West region of England. The terms Fleming and Flemings ( Vlaming and Vlamingen in Dutch) denote respectively a person and people and the Flemings or
• Nettle Porridge: a common starvation diet in Lancashire in the early 1800s. Made from boiled stinging nettles with perhaps a handful of meal.
• Ormskirk Gingerbread: local delicacy which were sold all over South Lancashire
• Pobs, Pobbies: bread and milk. Ormskirk is a Market town in West Lancashire, England. It is situated north of Liverpool, and southwest
• Potato Hotpot, a variation of the Lancashire Hotpot without meat also known as fatherless pie.
• Ran Dan: barley bread. Food of last resort for the poor at the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century.
• Rag Pudding: Traditional Suet Pudding filled with Minced Meat and Onions. Rag Pudding is an old fashioned savoury dish originated in Oldham, popular in Lancashire, England.
• Sad Cake: A traditional cake, perhaps a variation of the more widely known Chorley cake, once common around Burnley. Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500
• Scouse, a type of stew popular in Liverpool (historically part of Lancashire). The word scouse is from the word lobscouse meaning a meat stew which was commonly eaten by seamen Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary
• Throdkins: a traditional breakfast food of the Fylde. Throdkins is a traditional breakfast food of the Fylde, Lancashire, England. The Fylde is a coastal Plain in western Lancashire, England. It is roughly a 13-mile (20-kilometre square -shaped Peninsula, bounded

Famous Lancastrians

As one of the most populous counties Lancashire has produced many famous names. See people from Lancashire.

Catholic History

Lancashire is noted for its high percentage of Catholics, historically due in most part to immigration from Ireland. Preston has the highest proportion of Catholics in Great Britain. Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Areas above the River Ribble form part of the Diocese of Lancaster. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England.

Places of interest

Key
	Abbey/Priory/Cathedral
	Accessible open space
	Amusement/Theme Park
	Castle
	Country Park
	English Heritage
	Forestry Commission
	Heritage railway
	Historic House
	Museums (free/not free)
	National Trust
	Zoo

The following are places of interest in the ceremonial county:

• Arnside and Silverdale AONB
• Astley Green Colliery Museum, Tyldesley
• Astley Hall
• Beacon Fell
• Blackburn Cathedral
• Blackpool Pleasure Beach
• Blackpool Tower
• Blackpool Zoo
• British Commercial Vehicle Museum, Leyland
• Camelot Theme Park
• Clegg Hall
• Darwen Tower
• East Lancashire Railway
• Forest of Bowland: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
• Gawthorpe Hall, Padiham
• Harris Museum
• Helmshore Textile Museum
• Hoghton Tower
• Irwell Sculpture Trail
• Lancaster Castle
• Lancaster Cathedral
• Lathom Park Chapel, site of Lathom Hall, seat of the Earls of Derby
• Leighton Moss nature reserve, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
• Martin Mere, Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust nature reserve, Burscough
• Morecambe Bay
• Museum of Lancashire
• National Football Museum
• Pendle Hill
• Pennington Flash Country Park
• The Pennines , provide great opportunity for Mountain Biking
• Rock Climbing is popular with the area having some 6,600+ routes to climb many of which are in disused quarries. Abbeys and priories in England lists Abbeys priories, friaries and other Monastic religious houses in England. This is a list of amusement parks which are or were based in the UK This page lists Castles in England. Bedfordshire Berkshire Bristol A country park is an area designated for people to visit and enjoy recreation in a countryside environment English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of The Forestry Commission (established in 1919 is a Non-ministerial government department responsible for Forestry in Great Britain. A heritage railway ( United Kingdom) preserved railway ( United Kingdom) or tourist railroad ( United States and Canada) is a Historic houses in England is a link page for any Stately home, Country house or other Historic house in England. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales The following is a partial list of zoological gardens ( Zoos: Africa Algeria Algiers Zoo Oran Zoo Arnside and Silverdale is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in England on the border between Lancashire and Cumbria, adjoining The Astley Green Colliery Museum is run by the Red Rose Steam Society Limited in Astley Green near Tyldesley in Greater Manchester ( Tyldesley (pronounced "tils-lee" is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, in Greater Manchester, England. Astley Hall is a Country house in Chorley, Lancashire, England. Beacon Fell is a Fell in the Civil parish of Goosnargh in Lancashire, England. Blackburn Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of Blackburn Saint Mary the Virgin, is a Cathedral Pleasure Beach, formerly "Blackpool Pleasure Beach" is a family owned Amusement park in Blackpool, England. Blackpool Tower is a tourist attraction in Blackpool, Lancashire in England which was opened to the public on 14 May 1894. Just two miles from the famous Blackpool sea-front in Lancashire, England, Blackpool Zoo provides a home to over 1500 Animals from all over the The British Commercial Vehicle Museum is located in Leyland, near Preston in Lancashire, England, and contains many vehicles dating back through Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Camelot Theme Park is a resort and Theme Park in Charnock Richard Chorley Lancashire England based on the legend of Camelot. Clegg Hall is a 17th century hall in Milnrow, Greater Manchester ( The octagonal Jubilee Tower at grid reference SD678215 on Beacon Hill overlooking the town of Darwen was completed in 1898 to commemorate Queen Victoria This article is about the present East Lancashire Railway for the previous incarnation see East Lancashire Railway 1844-1859 Overview The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren Gritstone Fells deep valleys and Peat Moorland, An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB is an area of countryside with significant landscape value in England, Wales or Northern Ireland Gawthorpe Hall, a National Trust property is an Elizabethan house situated southeast of the small town of Padiham, in the borough of Burnley Padiham (ˡpædɪˌəm is a small town and Civil parish on the River Calder, about west of Burnley and south of Pendle Hill. The Harris Museum Art Gallery & Preston Free Public Library is a Grade I listed museum building in Preston and has the largest gallery space in Lancashire Helmshore is a village in the Rossendale Valley, Lancashire, England. Hoghton Tower is fortified Manor house in the Borough of Chorley to the east of Preston in Lancashire. The Irwell Sculpture Trail is the largest Public art scheme in England, commissioning regional national and international artists Lancaster Castle is a Castle and a Prison in Lancaster Lancashire, England. Lancaster Cathedral, also known as Saint Peter's Cathedral is a Roman Catholic Cathedral in Lancaster England. Earl of Derby is a title in the Peerage of England. The title was first adopted by Robert de Ferrers 1st Earl of Derby under a creation of 1139 nature reserve ( natural reserve, nature preserve, natural preserve) is a Protected area of importance for Wildlife, flora The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds ( RSPB) is a British Charitable organisation which works to promote conservation and protection WWT Martin Mere is a Wetland Nature reserve managed by the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust at Burscough, Lancashire, England The Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust is a Wildfowl and Wetland conservation charity in the United Kingdom. Burscough (pronounced Burs/co is a Village and Civil parish within West Lancashire, in North West England, to the north Morecambe Bay is a large bay in northwest England, nearly due east of the Isle of Man and just to the south of the Lake District National Park The Museum of Lancashire is housed in an old Courthouse in Preston in Lancashire, England. The National Football Museum is a Museum in Preston, England, founded to preserve conserve and interpret several important collections of Association Pendle Hill is located in the north-east of Lancashire, England, near the towns of Burnley, Colne, Nelson and Clitheroe Pennington Flash Country Park is a country park located between Lowton and Leigh in Greater Manchester, England. The Pennines are a low-rising Mountain range in Northern England and southern Scotland. Mountain biking entails the Sport of riding Bicycles off-road often over rough terrain whether riding specially equipped Mountain bikes or hybrid road bikes Rock climbing is a Sport in which participants climb up or across natural rock formations or man-made rock walls with the goal of reaching the A quarry is a type of open-pit mine from which rock or Minerals are extracted
• Rufford Old Hall
• Samlesbury Hall
• St Walburge's Church
• Stonyhurst College - a Manor House dating back to 1592, now an English public school, run by the Jesuits
• Towneley Hall, Burnley
• West Lancashire Light Railway
• West Pennine Moors
• Williamson Park and the Ashton Memorial
• Witton Country Park
• Yarrow Valley Park

Notes and References

Bibliography

• Crosby, A. (1996). A History of Cheshire. (The Darwen County History Series. ) Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 0850339324.
• Harris, B. E. , and Thacker, A. T. (1987). The Victoria History of the County of Chester. (Volume 1: Physique, Prehistory, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Domesday). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0197227619.
• Morgan, P. (1978). Domesday Book Cheshire: Including Lancashire, Cumbria, and North Wales. Chichester, Sussex: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 0850331404.
• Phillips A. D. M. , and Phillips, C. B. (2002), A New Historical Atlas of Cheshire. Chester, UK: Cheshire County Council and Cheshire Community Council Publications Trust. ISBN 0904532461.
• Sylvester, D. (1980). A History of Cheshire. (The Darwen County History Series). (2nd Edition. ) London and Chichester, Sussex: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 0850333849.

External links

• Traditions of Lancashire, Volume 1 (of 2), by John Roby
• Lancashire Lantern, The Lancashire Life and Times E-Resource network
• Website of the film 'Catch - the hold not taken', a look at the cultural significance of wrestling in Lancashire
• Lancashire County Council - MARIO (Mapping portal)
• Map of Lancashire
• Photographs of Lancashire
• An online survey about Lancashire dialect
• The Lancashire Dialect Society
• Official Lancashire Tourism information
• Lancashire Magazine TV - Internet TV channel devoted to the county of Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°48′N 2°36′W / 53.8, -2.6