Lal Bahadur Shastri
3rd Prime Minister of India
In office 9 June 1964 – 11 January 1966
President	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Preceded by	Gulzarilal Nanda
Succeeded by	Gulzarilal Nanda
Born	2 October 1904(1904-10-02) Mughalsarai, United Provinces, British India
Died	January 11, 1966 (aged 61) Tashkent, Uzbek SSR
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse	Lalita Devi
Occupation	Academic, Activist
Religion	Hindu

Lal Bahadur Shastri (Hindi लालबहादुर शास्त्री) (October 2, 1904 - January 11, 1966) was the third (second, and acting, being Gulzarilal Nanda) Prime Minister of independent India and a significant figure in the Indian independence movement. The Prime Minister of India is head of the Council of Ministers, appointed by the President to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, OM ( Telugu:సర్వేపల్లి రాధాకృష్ణ Tamil:சர்வேபள்ளி Gulzārilāl Nandā (गुलजारीलाल नन्दा (4 July 1898 - 15 January 1998 was an Indian politician and an economist with specialization in labor problems Gulzārilāl Nandā (गुलजारीलाल नन्दा (4 July 1898 - 15 January 1998 was an Indian politician and an economist with specialization in labor problems Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Mughalsarai may refer to Mughalsarai Chandauli Mughalsarai Varanasi The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, more commonly the United Provinces, was a Province of British India, which existed from 1902 to 1947 For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси O`zbekiston Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi; Узбекская Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India. Activism, in a general sense can be described as intentional action to bring about social or political change A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The term " Indian independence movement " is diffuse incorporating various national and regional campaigns agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant

Contents 1 Early life 2 In government 3 Prime Minister 3.1 War with Pakistan 3.2 Death at Tashkent 3.3 Memorial 4 Personal life 5 Quotes 6 References 7 Bibliography and further reading 8 External links

Early life

Lal Bahadur was born in the year 1904 in Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh as Lal Bahadur Srivastava. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Mughalsarai may refer to Mughalsarai Chandauli Mughalsarai Varanasi Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U His father Sharada Prasad was a poor school teacher, who later became a clerk in the Revenue Office at Allahabad^[1]. Allahabad ( Hindi: इलाहाबाद Urdu: الہ آباد Ilāhābād) is a city in the north Indian state of Uttar When Lal Bahadur was three months old, he slipped out of his mother's arms into a cowherd's basket at the ghats of the Ganges. The Ganges (ˈgænʤiːz also Ganga, Devanāgarī: hi गंगा in most Indian languages) is the major river in the Indian subcontinent The cowherd, who had no children, took the child as a gift from God and took him home. Lal Bahadur's parents lodged a complaint with the police, who traced the child, and returned him to his parents^[2].

Lal Bahadur's father died when he was only a year and a half old. His mother Ramdulari Devi took him and his two sisters to her father's house and settled down there^[3]. Lal Bahadur stayed at his grandfather Hazari Lal's house till he was ten. Since there was no high school in their town, he was sent to Varanasi where he stayed with his maternal uncle and joined the Harischandra High School. Varanasi ( Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, pronunciation) also commonly known as Benares ( or Banaras (बनारस While in Varanasi, Shastri once went with his friends to see a fair on the other bank of the Ganges. On the way back he had no money for the boat fare. Instead of borrowing from his friends, he jumped into the river and swam to the other bank^[4].

As a boy, Lal Bahadur loved reading books and was fond of Guru Nanak's verses. Guru Nanak Dev (ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ (गुरु नानक گرونانک Gurū Nānak ( 15 april 1469, Nankana Sahib He revered Bal Gangadhar Tilak, the Indian nationalist, social reformer and freedom fighter. Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak (बाळ गंगाधर टिळक ( July 23 1856 - August 1 1920) was an Indian nationalist After hearing a speech of Mahatma Gandhi at Varanasi in 1915, he dedicated his life to the service of the country^[5]. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January He also dropped his surname, as it indicated his caste and he was against the caste system^[1]. Castes are Hereditary systems of occupation, Endogamy, social culture, Social class, and Political power. Caste (Sanskrit Gyati ज्ञाति, Hindi Biradari बिरादरी samaj समाज jati जाति etc, Urdu Zat ज़ात) is an Endogamous group During the non-cooperation movement of Mahatma Gandhi in 1921, he joined processions in defiance of the prohibitory order. The non-cooperation movement (असहयोग आन्दोलन was the first-ever series of nationwide people's movements of Nonviolent resistance and Civil Disobedience Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar He was arrested but let off as he was a minor^[6]. In law the term minor (also infant or infancy) is used to refer to a person who is under the age in which one legally assumes Adulthood and is legally He then enrolled at the nationalist Kashi Vidyapeeth in Varanasi. The Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth is a deemed and chartered University located in the city of Varanasi, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh Varanasi ( Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, pronunciation) also commonly known as Benares ( or Banaras (बनारस During his four years there, he was greatly influenced by the lectures of Dr. Bhagawandas on philosophy. Upon completion of his course at Kashi Vidyapeeth in 1926, he was given the title Shastri ("Scholar"). The title was a bachelor's degree awarded by the Vidya Peeth, but it stuck as part of his name^[3]. He also enrolled himself as a life member of the Servants of the People Society and began to work for the upliftment of the Harijans at Muzaffarpur^[7]. Harijan ( son of God) was a term coined by Gandhi for Dalits, which is now considered patronizing WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Muzaffarpur is a town in Muzaffarpur district in the Indian state of Bihar Later he became the President of the Society^[8].

In 1927, Shastri married Lalita Devi of Mirzapur. For the settlement in Bangladesh see Mirzapur Bangladesh. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Mirzapur In spite of the prevailing hefty dowry tradition, Shastri accepted only a charkha and a few yards of khadi as dowry. A dowry (also known as trousseau or tocher) is the money goods or estate that a woman brings to her soon to be husband in marriage A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or Yarn from natural or Synthetic Fibers History Technology in World Civilization Khādī ( IAST) or khaddar ( Devnagri: खादी or खद्दर Nastaliq: کھڈی کھدر simply means cotton In 1930, he threw himself into the freedom struggle during Mahatma Gandhi's Salt Satyagraha. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January The Salt Satyagraha was a campaign of non-violent protest against the British salt tax in colonial India which began with the Salt March to Dandi on March 12 1930 He was imprisoned for two and a half years^[9]. Once, while he was in prison, one of his daughters fell seriously ill. He was released for fifteen days, on the condition that he not take part in the freedom movement. However, his daughter died before he reached home. After performing the funeral rites, he voluntarily returned to prison, even before the expiry of the period^[10]. A funeral is a Ceremony marking a person's Death. Funerary customs comprise the complex of Beliefs and practices used by a Culture to remember A year later, he asked for permission to go home for a week, as his son had contracted influenza. The permission was given, but his son's illness was not cured in a week. In spite of his family's pleadings, he kept his promise to the jail officers and returned to the prison^[10].

Later, he worked as the Organizing Secretary of the Parliamentary Board of U.P. in 1937^[11]. The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, more commonly the United Provinces, was a Province of British India, which existed from 1902 to 1947 In 1940, he was sent to prison for one year, for offering individual Satyagraha to support the freedom movement^[12]. Satyagraha ( Sanskrit: सत्याग्रह satyāgraha) is a philosophy and practice of Nonviolent resistance developed by Mohandas On August 8, 1942, Mahatma Gandhi issued the Quit India speech at Gowalia Tank in Mumbai, demanding that the British leave India. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January The Quit India speech is a speech made by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8th 1942 on the eve of the Quit India movement. Gowalia Tank Maidan (now also known as August Kranti Maidan) is a park in central Bombay where Mahatma Gandhi issued the Quit India speech on Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial Shastri, who had just then come out after a year in prison, traveled to Allahabad. Allahabad ( Hindi: इलाहाबाद Urdu: الہ آباد Ilāhābād) is a city in the north Indian state of Uttar For a week, he sent instructions to the freedom fighters from Jawaharlal Nehru's home, Anand Bhavan. Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू ʤəʋäɦəɾläl nɛɦɾu (14 November 1889 27 May 1964 was a major political leader of the Congress Party Anand Bhavan is a large Mansion located in Allahabad, India. Established by Indian political leader Motilal Nehru in the 19th century it has A few days later, he was arrested and imprisoned until 1946^[12]. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Shastri spent almost nine years in jail in total^[13]. During his stay in prison, he spent time reading books and became familiar with the works of western philosophers, revolutionaries and social reformers. He also translated the autobiography of Madam Curie into Hindi language^[9]. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is

In government

Following India's independence, Shastri was appointed Parliamentary Secretary in his home state, Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U He became the Minister of Police and Transport under Govind Ballabh Pant's Chief Ministership. Bharat Ratna Govind Ballabh Pant ( September 10, 1887 - March 7, 1961) was a statesman of India an Indian independence activist and As the Transport Minister, he was the first to appoint women conductors. Train Conductor (North America The Conductor is the railway employee charged with the management of a freight passenger or various other types of Train, and is As the minister in charge of the Police Department, he ordered that Police use jets of water instead of lathis to disperse unruly crowds^[14]. Lathi ( Devanagari: लाठी is an ancient armed martial art of India.

In 1951, he was made the General Secretary of the All-India Congress Committee, with Jawaharlal Nehru as the President. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January The All India Congress Committee or AICC is the Presidium or central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress Party. Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू ʤəʋäɦəɾläl nɛɦɾu (14 November 1889 27 May 1964 was a major political leader of the Congress Party He was directly responsible for the selection of candidates and the direction of publicity and electioneering activities. He played an important role in the landslide successes of the Congress Party in the Indian General Elections of 1952, 1957 and 1962. A general election is an Election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1951, Nehru nominated him to the Rajya Sabha. The Rajya Sabha (meaning the "Council of States" is the Upper house of the Parliament of India. He served as the Minister of Railways and Transport in the Central Cabinet from 1951 to 1956. In 1956, he offered his resignation after a railway accident at Mahbubnagar led to 112 deaths. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Mahbubnagar or Mehboobnagar محبوب نگر is a city in Mahbubnagar district in However, Nehru did not accept his resignation^[15]. Three months later, he resigned accepting moral and constitutional responsibility for a railway accident at Ariyalur in Tamil Nadu that resulted in 144 deaths. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Ariyalur is a Panchayat town in Ariyalur district in the state of Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. While speaking in the Parliament on the incident, the then Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, stated that he was accepting the resignation because it would set an example in constitutional propriety and not because Shastri was in any way responsible for the accident^[3]. Shastri's unprecedented gesture was greatly appreciated by the citizens.

In 1957, Shastri returned to the Cabinet following the General Elections, first as the Minister for Transport and Communications, and then as the Minister of Commerce and Industry^[7]. A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of Government, typically representing the executive branch. In 1961, he became Minister for Home^[3]. As Union Home Minister he was instrumental in appointing the Committee on Prevention of Corruption under the Chairmanship of K. Santhanam^[16].

Prime Minister

Jawaharlal Nehru died in office on May 27, 1964 and left a vacuum. Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू ʤəʋäɦəɾläl nɛɦɾu (14 November 1889 27 May 1964 was a major political leader of the Congress Party Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. The then Congress Party President K. Kamaraj was instrumental in making Shastri as Prime Minister on June 9. Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India. Kamaraj Kumarasami, ( Tamil: காமராஜ் better known as K Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Shastri, though mild-mannered and soft-spoken, was a Nehruvian socialist and thus held appeal to those wishing to prevent the ascent of conservative right-winger Morarji Desai. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Morarji Ranchhodji Desai ( मोरारजी देसाई) (29 February 1896 &ndash 10

In his first broadcast as Prime Minister, on June 11, 1964, Shastri stated^[17]:

“

There comes a time in the life of every nation when it stands at the cross-roads of history and must choose which way to go. But for us there need be no difficulty or hesitation, no looking to right or left. Our way is straight and clear – the building up of a socialist democracy at home with freedom and prosperity for all, and the maintenance of world peace and friendship with all nations.

”

Shastri worked by his natural characteristics to obtain compromises between opposing viewpoints, but in his short tenure was ineffectual in dealing with the economic crisis and food shortage in the nation. However, he commanded a great deal of respect in the Indian populace, and he used it to advantage in pushing the Green Revolution in India; which directly led to India becoming a food-surplus nation, although he did not live to see it. The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds after 1965 and the increased use of Fertilizers and Irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution During the 22-day war with Pakistan, Lal Bahadur Shastri created the slogan of "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" ("Hail the soldier, Hail the farmer"), underlining the need to boost India's food production. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan was a slogan given to India by then Prime Minister of India Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1965 Apart from emphasizing the Green Revolution, he was instrumental in promoting the White Revolution^[16]. The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds after 1965 and the increased use of Fertilizers and Irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution White Revolution (India redirects here See White Revolution, for movements known by the name in other countries Greatly impressed by a visit to the Kaira district in October 1964, he urged the rest of the country to learn from the successful experiment at Anand. Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers' Union Limited was the First Co-operative Milk Producers' Union started in Gujarat formed in Kheda district, whose founding chairman WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Anand (આણંદ äɽ̃ən̪d̪ is the administrative centre of Anand District in the state of The National Dairy Development Board was formed in 1965 during his tenure as Prime Minister. The National Dairy Development Board is an institution of national importance setup by an Act of Parliament of India

Though he was Socialist, Shastri stated that India cannot have a regimented type of economy^[16]. During his tenure as Prime Minister, he visited Russia, Yugoslavia, England, Canada and Burma in 1965^[7]. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia.

War with Pakistan

See Also: Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

The chief problem for Shastri's administration was Pakistan. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Laying claim to half of the Kutch peninsula, Pakistan sent incursion forces in August 1965, which skirmished with Indian tank divisions. The Rann of Kutch is a seasonally marshy region located in the Thar Desert biogeographic province in Gujarat state of northwestern India In his report to the Lok Sabha on the confrontation in Kutch, Shastri stated^[17]:

“

In the utilization of our limited resources, we have always given primacy to plans and projects for economic development. The Lok Sabha (also titled the House of the People, by the Constitution) is the directly elected Lower house of the Parliament of India Kachchh (also spelled as Kutch) is a District of Gujarat state in western India. It would, therefore, be obvious for anyone who is prepared to look at things objectively that India can have no possible interest in provoking border incidents or in building up an atmosphere of strife. . . In these circumstances, the duty of Government is quite clear and this duty will be discharged fully and effectively. . . We would prefer to live in poverty for as long as necessary but we shall not allow our freedom to be subverted.

”

Under a scheme proposed by the British PM, Pakistan obtained 10%, in place of their original claim of 50% of the territory. But Pakistan's aggressive intentions were also focused on Kashmir. This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir When armed infiltrators from Pakistan began entering the State of Jammu and Kashmir, Shastri made it clear to Pakistan that force would be met with force^[18]. Just in September 1965, major incursions of militants and Pakistani soldiers began, hoping not only to break-down the government but incite a sympathetic revolt. The revolt did not happen, and India sent its forces across the Ceasefire Line (now Line of Control) and threatened Pakistan by crossing the International Border near Lahore as war broke out on a general scale. Names Specifically the term "Line of Control" (LOC refers to the military control line between the Indian- and Pakistani-controlled parts of the former princely state ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. Massive tank battles occurred in the Punjab, and while Pakistani forces made some gains, Indian forces captured the key post at Haji Pir, in Kashmir, and brought the Pakistani city of Lahore under artillery and mortar fire. Punjab ( ਪੰਜਾਬ پنجاب, पंजाब پنجاب also Panjab (پنجاب meaning "Land of the Five Rivers") (c ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi.

On 17 September 1965, while the Indo-Pak war was on, India received a letter from China. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National In the letter, China alleged that the Indian army had set up army equipment in Chinese territory, and India would face China's wrath, unless the equipments are pulled down. In spite of the threat of aggression from China, Shastri declared "China's allegation is untrue. If China attacks India it is our firm resolve to fight for our freedom. The might of China will not deter us from defending our territorial integrity. "^[19]. The Chinese did not respond, but the Indo-Pak war resulted in great personnel and material casualties for both Pakistan and India.

The Indo-Pak war ended on September 23, 1965 with a United Nations-mandated ceasefire. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security In a broadcast to the nation on the day the of ceasefire, Shastri stated^[17]:

“

While the conflict between the armed forces of the two countries has come to an end, the more important thing for the United Nations and all those who stand for peace is to bring to an end the deeper conflict. . . How can this be brought about? In our view, the only answer lies in peaceful coexistence. India has stood for the principle of coexistence and championed it all over the world. Peaceful coexistence is possible among nations no matter how deep the differences between them, how far apart they are in their political and economic systems, no matter how intense the issues that divide them.

”

Death at Tashkent

After the declaration of ceasefire, Shastri and Pakistani President Muhammad Ayub Khan attended a summit in Tashkent (former USSR, now in modern Uzbekistan), organised by Kosygin. Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan ( Urdu / Pashto: محمد ايوب خان GCMG, MBE, HJ, NPk, ( May 14 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly Alexey Nikolayevich Kosygin (Алексе́й Никола́евич Косы́гин Aleksej Nikolajevič Kosygin; February 20 1904 - December On January 10, 1966, Shastri and Khan signed the Tashkent Declaration. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Tashkent Declaration of January 10, 1966 was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan

The next day Shastri, who had suffered two heart attacks earlier, died of a heart attack at 1:32 AM^[7]. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply He is the only Indian Prime Minister, and indeed probably one of the few heads of government, to have died in office overseas. This article focuses on the cases where the Head of Government is a separate office from the Head of State Some conspiracy theories allege his death to be of unnatural causes^[20].

Memorial

All his lifetime, Shastri was known for honesty and humility. He was the first person to be posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, and a memorial "Vijay Ghat" was built for him in Delhi. Bharat Ratna (translates to Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is India 's highest Civilian award, awarded for the Raj Ghat, a Memorial to Mahatma Gandhi is a simple black marble platform that marks the spot of his Cremation on 31 January, 1948 Several educational institutes, roads, public squares and monuments in India are named after him. The Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh is an example. The Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium is a cricket stadium in Hyderabad India.

In 2005, the Government of India opened the Lal Bahadur Shastri Memorial and set up a library in New Delhi, as part of the Lal Bahadur Shastri Centenary Celebrations. New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. Doordarshan produced a docu-drama on his life, and a national award was instituted in his name. Doordarshan (दूरदर्शन literally Tele-Vision) is the public television broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati, a public Also, a chair was created in his name in the field of democracy and governance in Delhi University^[21]. The University of Delhi (DU is a central university located at Delhi, India and is funded by Government of India.

Personal life

His sons Anil Shastri and Sunil Shastri are politicians. ^[22]

Quotes

• "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" ("Hail the soldier, Hail the farmer")
• "If one person gives up one meal in a day, some other person gets his only meal of the day", spoken during the food crisis to encourage people to evenly distribute food.
• "Perhaps due to my being small in size and soft of tongue, people are apt to believe that I am not able to be very firm. Though not physically strong, I think I am internally not so weak. "^[3]

References

Bibliography and further reading

• Lal Bahadur Shastri, 'Reflections on Indian politics', Indian Journal of Political Science, vol. 23, 1962, pp1-7
• (Sir) C. P. Srivastava, Lal Bahadur Shastri: a life of truth in politics (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1995) ISBN 0-19-563499-3
• L. P. Singh, Portrait of Lal Bahadur Shastri (Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publishers, 1996) ISBN 81-7530-006-X
• (Sir) C. P. Srivastava, Corruption: India's enemy within (New Delhi: Macmillan India, 2001) chapter 3 ISBN 0-333-93531-4
• John Noyce. Lal Bahadur Shastri: an English-language bibliography. Lulu. com, 2002.

External links

• Rediff.com Special: Why has history forgotten this giant?, The politician who made no money

Preceded by Gulzarilal Nanda	Minister for External Affairs of India 1964	Succeeded by Sardar Swaran Singh
Preceded by Gulzarilal Nanda	Prime Minister of India 1964-1966	Succeeded by Gulzarilal Nanda

Rediffcom India, is a news information entertainment and shopping portal Gulzārilāl Nandā (गुलजारीलाल नन्दा (4 July 1898 - 15 January 1998 was an Indian politician and an economist with specialization in labor problems The External Affairs Minister or the Indian Foreign Minister is a position of office at cabinet level within the Government of India. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. This article is about the Indian politician not the Uncle of Bhagat Singh Sardar Swaran Singh ( August 19, 1907 - October 30 Gulzārilāl Nandā (गुलजारीलाल नन्दा (4 July 1898 - 15 January 1998 was an Indian politician and an economist with specialization in labor problems The Prime Minister of India is head of the Council of Ministers, appointed by the President to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Gulzārilāl Nandā (गुलजारीलाल नन्दा (4 July 1898 - 15 January 1998 was an Indian politician and an economist with specialization in labor problems

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