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The term La Franja, more properly Franja de Aragón or Franja de Poniente (Western Strip) in Spanish, Franja d'Aragó or Franja de Ponent in Catalan, and Francha d'Aragón or Francha de Lebán (Eastern Strip) in Aragonese is a term that refers to the territory comprising the Catalan-speaking territories of Aragon bordering Catalonia (Spain). Catalan ˈkætəˌlæn ( català kətəˈla or) is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Usually La Franja is considered to be comprised by the municipalities of the following comarcas: Ribagorza, La Litera, Bajo Cinca, Bajo Aragon-Caspe, Bajo Aragon and Matarraña. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and

Contents

Origin of the names that refer to La Franja

Map of La Franja

The use of a term to refer to the eastern area of Aragon bordering Catalonia as based on linguistic criteria is recent. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. It was in 1929 —when he christened these as Marques de Ponent, "Western Marches"—[1] that Catalan geographer Pau Vila used for the first time a term designating jointly the Aragonese comarcas where Catalan is spoken. Mark from the Old English mearc and march (or various plural forms of these words derived from the Frankish word marka ("boundary" A geographer is a Scientist whose area of study is Geography, the study of Earth 's physical environment and Human habitat A comarca (meaning Shire or County, Spanish and Portuguese plural comarcas, Catalan plural Catalan ˈkætəˌlæn ( català kətəˈla or) is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official

This term was kept in the second half of the 20th centuries by Catalan philologists such as Joan Coromines, along with other terms such as Marcas de Aragó or Marques d'Aragó ("Marches of Aragon"), Cataluña aragonesa or Catalunya aragonesa ("Aragonese Catalonia") or "la raya de Aragón" or la ratlla d'Aragó ("the Aragonese Strip"). Joan Coromines i Vigneaux, in Spanish Joan Corominas ( Barcelona, 1905 - Pineda de Mar, Catalonia, 1997 was a linguist who made important contributions

Whichever term is used, they all refer to the eastern Catalan-speaking area of Aragon, which borders Catalonia to the west. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. These terms all originated and remain chiefly used in Catalonia, they are therefore Catalonia-centered and hence the Ponent ("Western") reference in the term La Franja del Ponent, because these comarcas lie to the west of Catalonia. Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain. A comarca (meaning Shire or County, Spanish and Portuguese plural comarcas, Catalan plural

The term Franja de Ponent itself first appeared in the second half of the 1970s, during the Spanish transition to democracy:

the name in question is the collective creation of a group of Catalan-speaking Aragonese and Catalans from the Principality (Catalonia), interested in the fact that a part of Aragon is Catalan-speaking, who used to met some Saturday evenings at the Centro Comarcal Leridano (CCL) premises in Barcelona during the first years of the transition, and, simultaneously, it was also the creation of some original and small local groups –which were often joined by those CCL members– which emerged in La Litera in defense of the cultural-linguistic identity of the comarca. The Spanish transition to democracy was the era when Spain moved from the Dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic state. The Spanish transition to democracy was the era when Spain moved from the Dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic state. [2]


At the Second International Congress of the Catalan Language (Segon Congrés Internacional de la Llengua Catalana) held in 1985, the normative authority on the Catalan language, known as Institut d'Estudis Catalans, adopted Franja d'Aragó ("Aragonese Strip") as the denomination for the Catalan-speaking territories of Aragon for academic and linguistic purposes, while the denomination Franja de Ponent ("Western Strip") is used mainly in the political arena by some associations, groups and political parties associated with pancatalanism. Catalan ˈkætəˌlæn ( català kətəˈla or) is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official The Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute for Catalan Studies or IEC is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture

Later on, alternative denominations such as Aragón Oriental (Aragó Oriental), Franja Oriental o Franja de Levante (Franja de Llevant), all meaning roughly Eastern Aragon or Eastern Strip were created in Aragon. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain.

Diverse meanings

While the term originally refers to a linguistic area, it carries several connotations:

The ecclesiastical sense

Origin

The Catholic church authorities, through the Papal Nuncio to Spain, informed on 15 June 1995 the president of the Spanish Bishops' Conference –Archbishop of Zaragoza, Elías Yanes– of the decision of the Holy See to align the diocesan boundaries with the political and historical reality. Nuncio is an ecclesiastical Diplomatic title, derived from the ancient Latin word Nuntius, meaning "envoy The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic In many rites of the Roman Catholic Church and in Anglican churches, a diocese is an administrative territorial unit administered by a Bishop. With the implementation of this decision 111 parishes were transferred from the Diocese of Lleida to the amended Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón. The notification was expressed in the following terms:

In accordance with my remit, it is my pleasure to communicate to you that the Congregation of Bishops has thoroughly examined the issue of the redrawing of the borders of the dioceses of Lleida and Barbastro, based on the petition formulated by the Spanish Episcopal Conference that the territories of the Autonomous Community of Aragon belonging to the Diocese of Lleida come to form part of the Diocese of Barbastro. And, bearing in mind the reasons expressed in order to favour the spiritual well being of the faithful, it has decided to agree to it.

For the realisation of the aforementioned redrawing of the borders, the said Dicastery has taken the following decision:

1. to detach the parishes situated within the Autonomous Community of Aragon belonging to the deanery of Ribagorza Occidental, Ribagorza Oriental and Cinca Medio from the Diocese of Lleida and incorporate them into the Diocese of Barbastro, which will become known as Barbastro-Monzón:

2. the other deaneries of Litera and Bajo Cinca, with their respective parishes, will be joined to the Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón within three years, that is to say, by 15 June 1998, in such a way that the territory of the Diocese of Lleida may in the meantime be adequately defined. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) [3]

The transfer of the parishes, specifically the ownership of the medieval artistic objects or sacred art comprised, resulted in an intricated series of lawsuits involving both dioceses (Barbastro-Monzón and Lleida), both autonomous governments (Aragón and Catalonia) and both legal systems canon and administrative law. Canon Law, the Ecclesiastical law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system with all the necessary elements courts lawyers judges a fully articulated Administrative law is the body of Law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of Government. It was decided by the ecclesiastic canon judges in 2005 that the 113 works of art belong to the Barbastro-Monzón diocese. The Lleida diocese released and statement accepting this decision but, at the same time, announced that then the administrative process would be opened[4], later on it stated that talks should be opened to explore an agreement[5], in the end effectively protracting the end of the dispute. In the meantime, the works of art located in the Diocese Museum of Lleida have been retained by the Bishop of Lleida, refusing to transfer them to the collection of the Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón. The lawsuit is popularly known as the conflicto de los bienes/patrimonio eclesiástico de la Franja (the conflict of the goods/ecclesiastical heritage of the Franja) or del Aragón Oriental (of Eastern Aragon), and though it began as a local debate, it has become in the last year a national press story, especially due to the confrontation between the political forces of Aragon and Catalonia. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain.

Territorial basis

This case emphasises how the conflict over the churches' treasures has brought a new dimension to the term Franja; the territoriality to which it refers does not follow linguistic criteria but lies in the ecclesiastic territorial area based on deaneries, indifferently including monolingual Spanish-speaking and bilingual municipalities, and all being confined to the province of Huesca.

The Deaneries that include the Franja de Aragón in its ecclesiastic sense are:

Phase
Nº of
parishes
Area
(km²)
Population
Septembre 1995 84 2. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 317,3 37. 793
June 1998 27 1. 607,7 30. 296
Total parishes transferred 111 3. 925,0 68. 089

The linguistic sense

Territorial Area of the Catalán Language
Territorial Area of the Catalán Language

The Catalan language is spoken by a significant proportion of the population of La Franja— more than 90 percent —the highest proportion of all the territories where it is spoken, despite the fact that it is not an official language and that it has a very limited presence in education (where it is only possible to study it as an optional subject), in administration and or public acts in general. Catalan ˈkætəˌlæn ( català kətəˈla or) is a Romance language, the national and official language of Andorra, and a co-official According to recent studies[6], La Franja is actually one of the territories with the highest oral usage of Catalan language, but with severe deficiences in writing competences because of its lack of officiality and support in education. Speech refers to the processes associated with the production and perception of Sounds used in Spoken language.

Territorial basis

The exact territorial limits of the Franja de Aragón differ depending on the source, since there are some municipalities of Ribagorza where there are doubts over whether or not to include them as Catalan-speaking or as Aragonese-speaking. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. The proportion of speakers of the two languages varies over time and with immigration according to the municipality, something which leads to different sources drawing slightly different linguistic borders.

According to the Avant-project of the Language Law

During the fourth session of the Cortes de Aragón (the parliament of Aragon) (1995-1999) under the PP-PAR coalition government the Special Commission Report on the Language Policy of Aragon was published. The People's Party ( Spanish: Partido Popular, PP) is the main right Political party in Spain. The Aragonese Party ( Spanish: Partido Aragonés, PAR) is a Political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain The report would be the basis for the Avant-project of the Language Law of Aragon published the following session (1999-2003) under the PSOE-PAR coalition, where for the first time from the Cortes de Aragón would detail those municipalities which formed part of a Catalan-speaking community, with the aim of recognising co-officiality and encouraging the use of Catalan in public life and especially in education. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is

The law was never approved due to protests and petitions in Aragon opposed to the co-officiality of Catalan, promoted in the main part by the Federación de Asociaciones Culturales del Aragón Oriental (FACAO), an organisation which maintained that the local 'linguistic modalities' were languages and not dialects of Catalan, and the lack of consensus on the issue among the Aragonese political parties. According to the list of municipalities which could be considered to be areas of predominant use of its own language or linguistic modality or areas of predominant use of normalised Catalan in the Second annex of the Second Final Disposition of the Avant-project of the Language Law, the Franja de Aragón would be composed of:

Municipality
Area
(km²)
Population
(2006)
Comarca
Province
Aguaviva 42. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Aguaviva ( Aiguaviva de Bergantes) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 2 691 Bajo Aragón Teruel
Albelda 51. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Albelda is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 892 La Litera Huesca
Alcampell 58. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Alcampell (also called El Campell) is a municipality located in La Litera, province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 0 827 La Litera Huesca
Altorricón 32. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Altorricón (Catalan El Torricó) is a municipality located in the comarca of La Litera/La Llitera in the province of Huesca, Aragon 4 1,469 La Litera Huesca
Arén 119. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Arén is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 3 337 Ribagorza Huesca
Arens de Lledó 34. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Arens de Lledó is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 3 227 Matarraña Teruel
Azanuy-Alins 51. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Azanuy-Alins is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 2 173 La Litera Huesca
Baélls 39. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Baélls is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 8 125 La Litera Huesca
Baldellou 30. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Baldellou (also called Valdellou)is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 4 115 La Litera Huesca
Beceite 96. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Beceite ( Beseit) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 7 598 Matarraña Teruel
Belmonte de San José 34. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Belmonte de San José is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 0 144 Bajo Aragón Teruel
Benabarre 157. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Benabarre ( Aragonese: Benabarri, Catalan: Benavarri) is a town in the Aragonese county of Ribagorza, in the Province 1 1,160 Ribagorza Huesca
Bonansa 37. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Bonansa is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 3 101 Ribagorza Huesca
Calaceite 81. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Calaceite ( Calaceit in Catalan language) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 3 1,143 Matarraña Teruel
Camporrélls 26. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Camporrélls is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 7 217 La Litera Huesca
Castigaleu 26. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Castigaleu is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 5 118 Ribagorza Huesca
Castillonroy 37. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Castillonroy (also called Castellonroi) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 391 La Litera Huesca
Cretas 52. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Cretas is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 7 630 Matarraña Teruel
Estopiñán del Castillo 88. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Estopiñán del Castillo is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 7 199 Ribagorza Huesca
Fabara 101. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Fabara is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. 6 1,221 Bajo Aragón-Caspe Zaragoza
Fayón 67. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Fayón is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. 2 427 Bajo Aragón-Caspe Zaragoza
Fórnoles 32. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Fórnoles is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 6 105 Matarraña Teruel
Fraga 437. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Fraga is the major town of the comarca of Bajo Cinca (Catalan Baix Cinca) in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 13,191 Bajo Cinca Huesca
Fuentespalda 39. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Fuentespalda is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 0 347 Matarraña Teruel
Isábena 118. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Isábena is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 5 302 Ribagorza Huesca
La Cañada de Verich 10. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. La Cañada de Verich is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 9 104 Bajo Aragón Teruel
La Cerollera 33. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia La Cerollera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 7 121 Bajo Aragón Teruel
La Codoñera 21. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia La Codoñera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 0 351 Bajo Aragón Teruel
La Fresneda 39. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia La Fresneda is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 5 462 Matarraña Teruel
La Ginebrosa 80. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia La Ginebrosa is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 1 239 Bajo Aragón Teruel
La Portellada 21. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia La Portellada is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 4 274 Matarraña Teruel
Lascuarre 31. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Lascuarre is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 147 Ribagorza Huesca
Laspaúles 81. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Laspaúles is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 281 Ribagorza Huesca
Lledó 15. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Lledó is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 6 181 Matarraña Teruel
Maella 174. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Maella is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. 9 2,089 Bajo Aragón-Caspe Zaragoza
Mazaleón 86. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Mazaleón is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 2 589 Matarraña Teruel
Mequinenza 307. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Mequinenza (Catalan Mequinensa) is a town and municipality of the province of Zaragoza, in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. 2 2,533 Bajo Cinca Zaragoza
Monesma y Cajigar 62. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Monesma y Cajigar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 111 Ribagorza Huesca
Monroyo 79. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Monroyo is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 2 307 Matarraña Teruel
Montanuy 174. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Montanuy is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 1 311 Ribagorza Huesca
Nonaspe 111. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Nonaspe is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. 4 1,055 Bajo Aragón-Caspe Zaragoza
Peñarroya de Tastavins 83. Zaragoza (also called Saragossa in English) is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Peñarroya de Tastavins is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 3 488 Matarraña Teruel
Peralta de Calasanz 114. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Peralta de Calasanz is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 261 La Litera Huesca
Puente de Montañana 48. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Puente de Montañana is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 88 Ribagorza Huesca
Ráfales 35. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Ráfales is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 6 156 Matarraña Teruel
San Esteban de Litera 71. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia San Esteban de Litera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 512 La Litera Huesca
Sopeira 44. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Sopeira is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 1 102 Ribagorza Huesca
Tamarite de Litera 110. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Tamarite de Litera ( Catalan: Tamarit de Llitera, Aragonese: Tamarit de Litera)is the second major town of the comarca of 6 3,678 La Litera Huesca
Tolva 59. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Tolva is a town in the province of Huesca, Spain. It is located 696 metres above Sea level in the north-eastern part of Huesca in the Comarca 0 176 Ribagorza Huesca
Torre de Arcas 34. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Torre de Arcas is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 3 93 Matarraña Teruel
Torre del Compte 19. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Torre del Compte is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 5 168 Matarraña Teruel
Torre la Ribera 32. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Torre la Ribera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 1 118 Ribagorza Huesca
Torrente de Cinca 56. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Torrente de Cinca is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 8 1,084 Bajo Cinca Huesca
Torrevelilla 33. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Torrevelilla is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 4 204 Bajo Aragón Teruel
Valdeltormo 16. Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Valdeltormo is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 0 349 Matarraña Teruel
Valderrobres 124. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Valderrobres ( Catalan: Vall-de-roures, Aragonese: Balderrobres) is a Municipality and the major town of the Comarca 0 2,142 Matarraña Teruel
Valjunquera 41. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Valjunquera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. 8 414 Matarraña Teruel
Velilla de Cinca 16. Matarraña / Matarranya is a Comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Teruel is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia Velilla de Cinca is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 5 469 Bajo Cinca Huesca
Vencillón 10. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Vencillón (also called Vensilló) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 4 471 La Litera Huesca
Veracruz 63. La Litera / La Llitera ( Aragonese: A Litera) is an Aragonese Comarca in the south-east of the province of Huesca. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. 8 111 Ribagorza Huesca
Viacamp y Litera 107. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Viacamp y Litera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 7 25 Ribagorza Huesca
Zaidín 92. Ribagorza is an Aragonese county or Comarca, in the north-east of the province of Huesca, Spain. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. Zaidín is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 6 1,822 Bajo Cinca Huesca
62 municipalities of Aragon 4,442. Bajo Cinca / Baix Cinca (Zinca Baxa is an Aragonese comarca in the south-east extreme of the Huesca province. Huesca ( Spanish: Huesca, Aragonese: Uesca) is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. 8 47,236

According to the Institut d'Estudis Catalans

From the point of view of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans the territory is smaller, due to the fact the municipality of Torre la Ribera is not considered Catalan-speaking, and the municipalities of Azanuy-Alins, Isábena, Lascuarre and San Esteban de Litera are classified as transitional dialects. The Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute for Catalan Studies or IEC is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture The Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute for Catalan Studies or IEC is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture The Catalan-speaking lands are thus reduced to a total of 57 municipalities with an area of 4,137. 2 km² with a population of 45,984.

According to the Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa

The situation is reversed according the Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa (GEA) with the Franja having an area of 5,370 km² and with a population of 70,000. It should be mentioned that the GEA does not recognise the denomination Franja but discusses its situation under Catalan in Aragon, nor does it specify in how many or which municipalities where Catalan is clearly spoken nor the date of the census on which its figures are based.

According to the Gran Geografía Comarcal of the GREC

Municipality/Urban nucleus
Area
(km²)
Population
(2006)
Benasque 233. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Benasque ( Benás, in the local dialect is a town in the county of Ribagorza, province of Huesca, ( Spain) 6 2,045
Bisaurri 62. Bisaurri is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 247
Castejón de Sos 31. Castejón de Sos is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 8 733
Chía 26. Chía is a town and municipality in the Cundinamarca department of Colombia, located to the north of Bogotá on the main road to Zipaquira 1 113
Güell (1) 28. 0 29
Laguarres (2) 33. 0 71
Sahún 72. Sahún is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 9 331
Sesué 5. Sesué is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 2 125
Torres del Obispo (3) 32. 0 163
Valle de Lierp 32. Valle de Lierp is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. 8 47
Villanova 6,9 154
8 municipalities and 3 nuclei 565. 2 4,058
Franja de Aragon according to the Commission report 4. 442,8 47,236
Total 70 municipalities y 3 nuclei according to the GREC 5. 008,0 51,294

The Gran Geografía Comarcal of the Grupo Enciclopedia Catalana (GREC) classes the territorial area of the Franja de Aragon as larger than that defined by the Commission report although not as large as the GEA definition. All the municipalities which it adds to those of the Avant-project and of Ribagorza and therefore belong to the Province of Huesca. It adds a total of 8 municipalities and 3 population nuclei; Güell, Laguarres y Torres del Obispo, which form part of two municipalities; Graus in the case of the first and the third, and Capella the case of the second. The table to the right details the population nuclei and official area and population figures.

Comparative table and map according to sources

Variations in the Catalan-speaking municipalities of Huesca.
Variations in the Catalan-speaking municipalities of Huesca.
Source
Nº
munici-
palities
% of
Aragon
Area (km²)
% of
Aragon
Population
(2006)
% of
Aragon
Avant-project of the
Language Law		 62 8. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 5 4,442. 8 9. 3 47,236 3. 7
Institut d'Estudis
Catalans (IEC)		 57 7. 8 4,137. 2 8. 3 45,984 3. 6
Gran Enciclopedia
Aragonesa (GEA)		  ? - 5,370. 0 11. 3 70,000 5. 5
Grupo Enciclopedia
Catalana (GREC)		 70 9. 6 5,008. 0 10. 5 51,294 4. 0
Total Aragon 730 100. 0 47,719. 2 100. 0 1,277,471 100. 0

Toponymy

There is no unitary policy on official toponymy in the Franja leading to great variations between the local comarcalización laws in comparrison with those proposed by the IEC. The following table details the translation of the toponymy in Spanish to the official version in the local vernacular and that proposed by the IEC. At the bottom are the municipalities which the GREC includes in its definition of the Franja and the poposed names which it offers opposed to the official names:

Spanish (1)
Local variety or
linguistic vernacular
according to the
comarcalización law (1)
Cataln
according to the IEC (2)
Aguaviva Aiguaviva de Bergantes Aiguaviva de Bergantes
Albelda Albelda Albelda
Alcampell El Campell El Campell
Altorricón El Torricó El Torricó
Arén Areny Areny de Noguera
Arens de Lledó Arenys de Lledó Arenys de Lledó
Azanuy-Alins Azanúy-Alins Sanui i Alins
Baélls Baells Baells
Baldellou Valdellou Valdellou
Beceite Beseit Beseit
Belmonte de San José Bellmunt de Mesquí Bellmunt de Mesquí
Benabarre Benavarri Benavarri
Bonansa Bonansa Bonansa
Calaceite Calaceit Calaceit
Camporrélls Camporrells Camporrells
Castigaleu Castigaleu Castigaleu
Castillonroy Castellonroi Castellonroi
Cretas Queretes Cretes
Estopiñán del Castillo Estopanyà Estopanyà
Fabara Favara Favara de Matarranya
Fayón Faió Faió
Fórnoles Fórnols Fórnols de Matarranya
Fraga Fraga Fraga
Fuentespalda Fontdespatla Fondespatla
Isábena Isábena La Pobla de Roda
La Cañada de Verich La Canyada de Beric La Canyada de Beric
La Cerollera La Cerollera La Sorollera
La Codoñera La Codonyera La Codonyera
La Fresneda La Freixneda La Freixneda
La Ginebrosa La Ginebrosa La Ginebrosa
La Portellada La Portellada La Portellada
Lascuarre Lascuarre Lasquarri
Laspaúles Laspaúls Les Paüls
Lledó Lledó Lledó d'Algars
Maella Maella Maella
Mazaleón Massalió Massalió
Mequinenza Mequinensa Mequinensa
Monesma y Cajigar Monesma i Caixigar Monesma i Queixigar
Monroyo Montroig Mont-roig de Tastavins
Montanuy Montanui Montanui
Nonaspe Nonasp Nonasp
Peñarroya de Tastavins Pena-roja de Tastavins Pena-roja
Peralta de Calasanz Peralta de Calasanz Peralta de la Sal
Puente de Montañana El Pont de Montanyana El Pont de Montanyana
Ráfales Ráfels Ràfels
San Esteban de Litera San Esteban de Litera Sant Esteve de Llitera
Sopeira Sopeira Sopeira
Tamarite de Litera Tamarit de Llitera Tamarit de Llitera
Tolva Tolba Tolba
Torre de Arcas Torredarques Torredarques
Torre del Compte La Torre del Compte La Torre del Compte
Torre la Ribera Torre la Ribera Tor-la-ribera
Torrente de Cinca Torrent de Cinca Torrent de Cinca
Torrevelilla La Torre de Vilella La Torre de Vilella
Valdeltormo La Vall del Tormo La Vall de Tormo
Valderrobres Vall de Roures Vall-de-roures
Valjunquera Valljunquera Valljunquera
Velilla de Cinca Villella de Cinca Vilella de Cinca
Vencillón Vensilló Vensilló
Veracruz Veracruz Beranui
Viacamp y Litera Viacamp i Lliterà Viacamp
Zaidín Saidí Saidí
Catalan
according to the GREC (3)
Benasque Benás Benasc
Bisaurri Bisaurri Bissaürri
Castejón de Sos Castilló de Sos Castilló de Sos
Chía Chía Gia
Sahún Sahún Saünc
Sesué Sesué Sessué
Valle de Lierp Valle de Lierp La Vall de Lierp
Villanova Billanoba Vilanova d'Éssera

Boletín Oficial de Aragón (BOA): Ley 10/2002, de 03 de mayo, de creación de la comarca del Bajo Aragón / Ley 12/2003, de 24 de marzo, de creación de la comarca del Bajo Aragón-Caspe / Ley 20/2002, de 07 de octubre, de creación de la comarca del Bajo Cinca / Ley 25/2002, de 12 de noviembre, de creación de la comarca de La Litera / Ley 07/2002, de 15 de abril, de creación de la comarca del Matarraña / Ley 12/2002, de 28 de mayo, de creación de la comarca de la Ribagorza. Aguaviva ( Aiguaviva de Bergantes) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Albelda is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Alcampell (also called El Campell) is a municipality located in La Litera, province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Altorricón (Catalan El Torricó) is a municipality located in the comarca of La Litera/La Llitera in the province of Huesca, Aragon Arén is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Arens de Lledó is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Azanuy-Alins is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Baélls is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Baldellou (also called Valdellou)is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Beceite ( Beseit) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Belmonte de San José is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Benabarre ( Aragonese: Benabarri, Catalan: Benavarri) is a town in the Aragonese county of Ribagorza, in the Province Bonansa is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Calaceite ( Calaceit in Catalan language) is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Camporrélls is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Castigaleu is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Castillonroy (also called Castellonroi) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Cretas is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Estopiñán del Castillo is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Fabara is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Fayón is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Fórnoles is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Fraga is the major town of the comarca of Bajo Cinca (Catalan Baix Cinca) in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Fuentespalda is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Isábena is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. La Cañada de Verich is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. La Cerollera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. La Codoñera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. La Fresneda is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. La Ginebrosa is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. La Portellada is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Lascuarre is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Laspaúles is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Lledó is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Maella is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Mazaleón is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Mequinenza (Catalan Mequinensa) is a town and municipality of the province of Zaragoza, in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. Monesma y Cajigar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Monroyo is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Montanuy is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Nonaspe is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. Peñarroya de Tastavins is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Peralta de Calasanz is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Puente de Montañana is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Ráfales is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. San Esteban de Litera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Sopeira is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Tamarite de Litera ( Catalan: Tamarit de Llitera, Aragonese: Tamarit de Litera)is the second major town of the comarca of Tolva is a town in the province of Huesca, Spain. It is located 696 metres above Sea level in the north-eastern part of Huesca in the Comarca Torre de Arcas is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Torre del Compte is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Torre la Ribera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Torrente de Cinca is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Torrevelilla is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Valdeltormo is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Valderrobres ( Catalan: Vall-de-roures, Aragonese: Balderrobres) is a Municipality and the major town of the Comarca Valjunquera is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. Velilla de Cinca is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Vencillón (also called Vensilló) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Viacamp y Litera is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Zaidín is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Benasque ( Benás, in the local dialect is a town in the county of Ribagorza, province of Huesca, ( Spain) Bisaurri is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Castejón de Sos is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Chía is a town and municipality in the Cundinamarca department of Colombia, located to the north of Bogotá on the main road to Zipaquira Sahún is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Sesué is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Valle de Lierp is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain.

Lista de denominaciones en catalán aprobada por la Sección Filológica del IEC en reunión del día 15 de diciembre de de 1995, en la reunión de la Sección Filológica de 15 de enero de 1999 se decidió incluir en la lista el topónimo "Vensilló" al ser un municipio de nueva creación. The Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute for Catalan Studies or IEC is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture En la primera reunión los municipios de Azanuy-Alins, Isábena, Lascuarre y San Esteban de Litera se excluyeron de la lista oficial de municipios de lengua catalana de la Franja de Aragón, listándose a parte como municipios pertenecientes a un área de transición lingüística.

Political sense

The Political significance of the Franja goes hand in hand with the catalanist political movement, which has always considered this part of Aragon as historical Catalonia, which through history has ended up detached from its cultural community, a community which is fundamental to the pancatalanist Catalan nation.

This new interpretation as part of the political connotation ascribed to the Catalan Countries emerged throughout the 20th Century - and especially after the 1960s - encouraged in the main part by the Valencian Joan Fuster. Different meanings Països Catalans is a polysemic expression and so it has different meanings depending on the context Joan Fuster i Ortells ( Sueca, Pancatalanism demands the creation of a nation-state for the Catalan Countries in which the cultural unity is based on the Catalan linguistic community.

There has never been a political movement from the Franja promoting union with Catalonia, and separation from Aragon, in order to form a new political entity. In the same way, catalanist political parties do not participate in municipal or regional elections.

Socioeconomic sense

The socioeconomic meaning of the Franja relates to the economic region surrounding the Catalan city of Lérida, which encompasses Catalan-speaking Huescan and Zaragozan municipalities and excludes those in the region of Teruel and includes Spanish-speaking municipalities such as Alcolea de Cinca, Binéfar, Monzón, etc. Lleida (Standard Central Catalan ˈʎejðə or North-Western Catalan; Spanish Lérida, though officially referred as Lleida Alcolea de Cinca is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Binéfar is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Monzón is a small town in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. . . The area of influence of Lérida is especially reflected in editions of the local Lérida press for example La Mañana-Franja de Ponent and also of Aragon as shown by the digital publication Franja Digital.

References

  1. ^ Vila, Pau (1929). "Les marques de Ponent. Els homes". La Publicitat.  
  2. ^ Moret, Héctor (1995). "Com en direm? A propòsit de la denominació de les comarques de llengua catalana de l'Aragó". Revista de Catalunya 96: 41.  
  3. ^ Justicia de Aragón (1998-04-22). Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Sobre la transferencia de diversas parroquias procedentes de la Diócesis de Lérida a la Diócesis de Barbastro-Monzón. Boletín Oficial de las Cortes de Aragón, number 179.
  4. ^ M. J. SANGENIS. "El Obispado de Lleida no devolverá el arte sacro a Barbastro sin el permiso del Govern", El Mundo, 2005-10-07. El Mundo ( Spanish for "The World" full name El Mundo del Siglo Veintiuno, "The World of the 21st century" is the second largest Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Retrieved on 2008-06-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem   (Spanish)
  5. ^ sourced from EFE. EFE is a Spanish news agency created in 1939 by Ramón Serrano Súñer and Manuel Aznar Zubigaray while the former was Spain 's minister of the "El Vaticano ordena a Lleida entregar las piezas de arte sacro a Aragón", La Vanguardia, 2008-05-13. La Vanguardia is the highest-circulation Daily newspaper based in Barcelona and Catalonia, trailing only the three main Madrid dailies 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Retrieved on 2008-06-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem   (Spanish)
  6. ^ CRUSCAT - El coneixement del català

External links

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