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Kursk Oblast (English)
Курская область (Russian)

Location of Kursk Oblast in Russia
Coat of Arms Flag

Coat of arms of Kursk Oblast
Flag of Kursk Oblast
Anthem: None
Administrative center Kursk
Established June 13, 1934
Political status
Federal district
Economic region		 Oblast
Central
Central Black Earth
Code 46
Area
Area
- Rank within Russia		 29,800 km²
65th
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank within Russia
- Density
- Urban
- Rural		 1,235,091 inhabitants
43rd
41. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's History KurskOld2jpg|thumb|200px|Pre-1917 view of Kursk]] Archaeology indicates that the site of Kursk was settled in the fifth or fourth century B Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal This article is about an administrative division of the federal government of Russia Russia is divided into twelve economic regions (экономи́ческие райо́ны ekonomicheskiye rayony, sing The Russian Federation is divided into 83  subjects ( subyekty) of which 46 are oblasts ("provinces" sing Central Federal District (Центра́льный федера́льный о́круг Tsentralny federalny okrug) is one of the seven federal districts of Central Black Earth economic region (Центра́льно-Чернозёмный экономи́ческий райо́н tr Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Russia 's area is about 17 million square kilometers (65 million sq Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried 4 inhab.  / km²
61. 2%
38. 8%
Official language Russian
Government
Governor Alexander Mikhaylov
First Deputy Governor Alexander Zubarev
Legislative body Oblast Duma
Charter Charter of Kursk Oblast
Official website
http://www.rkursk.ru/

Kursk Oblast (Russian: Ку́рская о́бласть, Kurskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Aleksandr Nikolayevich Mikhailov (born September 15, 1951) is the governor of Kursk Oblast in Russia. A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation The term basic law is used in some places as an alternative to " Constitution " implying it is a temporary but necessary measure without formal enactment A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared History KurskOld2jpg|thumb|200px|Pre-1917 view of Kursk]] Archaeology indicates that the site of Kursk was settled in the fifth or fourth century B

Contents

Geography

The oblast occupies the southern slopes of the middle-Russian plateau, and its average elevation is from 177 to 225 meters (580–738 ft). The surface is hilly, and intersected by ravines. A ravine is a very small Valley, which is often the product of Streamcutting Erosion. The central part of Kursk oblast is more elevated than the Seym Valley to the west. The Timsko-Shchigrinsky ridge contains the highest point in the oblast at 288 meters (945 ft) above the sea level. The low relief, gentler slopes, and mild winter make the area suitable for farming, and much of the forest has been cleared.

The chernozem soils cover around 70% of the oblast's territory; podsol soils cover 26%. Chernozem (чернозём black soil) also known as "black land" or "black earth" is a black-coloured Soil containing a very high percentage In Soil science, Podsol (also spelled Podzol, or known as Spodosol) are the typical Soils of Coniferous, or Boreal forests

Time zone

Kursk Oblast is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). Bryansk Oblast (Бря́нская о́бласть Bryanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Oryol Oblast (Орло́вская о́бласть Orlovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Lipetsk Oblast (Ли́пецкая о́бласть Lipetskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) which was formed on January Voronezh Oblast (Воро́нежская о́бласть Voronezhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Belgorod Oblast (Белгоро́дская о́бласть Belgorodskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Sumy Oblast (Сумська область translit Sums’ka oblast’; also referred to as Sumshchyna - Сумщина is an oblast Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Moscow Time (Моско́вское вре́мя is the Time zone for the city of Moscow, Russia and most of western Russia including Saint Petersburg UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).

Rivers

Kursk Oblast contributes to two major drainage areas—the Dnieper River and the Don River (78% and 22% respectively). For the rocket see Dnepr rocket. For other uses see Dnieper (disambiguation. The Don (Дон is one of the major rivers of Russia. It rises in the town of Novomoskovsk 60 Kilometres southeast from Tula, southeast There are 902 rivers and streams in the oblast, with their total length of approximately 8,000 kilometers (5,000 mi). Major rivers are Seym, Psyol, and Kshen. Seym (also transliterated as Seim and Sejm, in Сейм is a River in Russia and Ukraine. The Psyol or Psel (Псёл translit Psyol; Псeл Псьол Псло translit

Lakes

The inland waters of Kursk oblast consist of 145 artificial lakes and about 550 small ponds.

Natural resources

Kursk Oblast is one of the nation's major producers of iron ore. Iron ores are rocks and Minerals from which Metallic Iron can be economically extracted The area of Kursk Magnetic Anomaly has one of the richest iron ore deposits in the world. Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (Курская магнитная аномалия is a territory rich in Iron ores located within the Kursk, Belgorod, and Also, rare-earth and base metals occur in commercial quantities in several locations. Rare earth elements and rare earth metals are according to IUPAC, the collection of seventeen Chemical elements in the Periodic table, namely In Chemistry, the term base metal is used informally to refer to a Metal that oxidizes or corrodes relatively easily and reacts variably with Refractory loam, mineral sands, and chalk are quarried and processed in the region. Loam is Soil composed of Sand, Silt, and Clay in relatively even concentration (about 40-40-20% concentration respectively considered Heavy mineral Sands are a class of Ore deposit which is an important source of Zirconium, Titanium, Thorium, Tungsten, Chalk (ʧɔːk is a soft white porous Sedimentary rock, a form of Limestone composed of the Mineral Calcite. Oblast's sufficient reserves of artesian well water are proving useful for medical purposes. See Great Artesian Basin for the water source in Australia An artesian aquifer is a confined aquifer containing Groundwater

Climate

Kursk Oblast's location at the center of the European part of Russia gives the region a medium continental climate: warm summers and relatively mild winters. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of In July, the average daytime high temperature is 19. 3 °C (66. 7 °F). In January the average high is −8. 6 °C (16. 5 °F). The average number of frost-free days ranges from 150 in the north to 160 in the south. The growing season in Kursk Oblast varies, from 180 days in the north to 195 days in the southwest. The average annual precipitation for the oblast is 584 mm (23 in), but it ranges from 634 mm (25 in) in the northwest, to about 500 mm (20 in) or less in the southeastern corner. The maximum of the rain falls during June and July. The snow depth in Kursk Oblast differs considerably, from 300–400 mm (12–16 in) in the north of the oblast, to 150–250 mm (6–10 in) in the south. Annual sunshine is 1,775 hours.

Flora and fauna

Kursk Oblast is a part of the Eastern European forest-steppe. One-quarter of Kursk oblast was once heavily wooded. Hardwood timbers included oak, ash, and elm. The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin An ash can be any of four different tree genera from four very distinct families; most commonly in a combined form (e Elms are Deciduous and Semi-deciduous Trees comprising the genus Ulmus, family Ulmaceae, found Now forests cover only 10% of the oblast. Animals native to the area are numerous. Pike, bleak, and perch are abundant in local rivers. Perca is the genus of fish referred to as perch or sometimes yellow perch, a group of freshwater Fish belonging to the family Percidae Otter and badger, as well as wild boar, red deer, and Roe Deer remain numerous in many parts of the area. Otters are semi- aquatic (or in one case aquatic) fish-eating Mammals The otter subfamily Lutrinae forms part of the family Badger is the Common name for any animal of three subfamilies which belong to the family Mustelidae: the same Mammal family as the The boar or wild boar ( Sus scrofa) is an Omnivorous, gregarious Mammal of the biological family Suidae. The Red Deer ( Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest Deer species The European Roe Deer ( Capreolus capreolus) is a Deer species of Europe, Asia Minor, and Caspian coastal regions

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Kursk Oblast

Demographics

Kursk Oblast is one of the most ethnically homogeneous regions in Russia. The population is about 96% Russians. The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries Ukrainians, the largest minority group, make less than 2% of population. Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens The annual growth rate of the Oblast's population is negative; death rate exceeds overall birth rates and immigration.

History

Although territory of Kursk Oblast had been populated since the end of the last Ice Age, information about the area was scanty until 1596 when the Kursk stronghold was built. An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets A stronghold is a strongly fortified defensive structureThe history of fortified buildings extends from antiquity to modern times A real growth of the area around Kursk began soon after that, with a large migration from Central Russia after famine in the beginning of the 17th century. Between 1708 and 1719, Kursk was a part of the newly created Kiev Governorate. Kiev Governorate ( pre-reform Russian: ru Кіевская губернія or Government of Kiev, was an administrative unit ( Guberniya) of From 1719 to 1727 it was a part of Belgorod province of Kiev Governorate. Belgorod (Бе́лгород is a city in western Russia, situated on the Seversky Donets river just 40 km north from the Ukrainian border at. Later Kursk uyezd was a part of Belgorod Governorate. Uyezd or uezd (уе́зд uˈjɛst was an admistrative subdivision of Rus', Muscovy, and Russian Empire used from the 13th century originally On May 23, 1779, Kursk Governorate was established. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 1779 ( MDCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The latter subdivision existed until 1928, when the territory of Kursk Governorate became a part of Central Chernozem Oblast. Central Black Earth Region or Central Chernozem Region (Центрально-черноземная область Центральная черноземная область As Central Chernozem Oblast was very large its administration was very difficult, on June 13, 1934 it was divided into two oblasts: Kursk Oblast and Voronezh Oblast. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the period between 1934 and 1954, oblasts' borders were frequently adjusted. However, the area and borders of the oblast have remained stable from 1954.

During World War II, the territory of Kursk Oblast was occupied by the German troops from fall of 1941 until summer of 1943. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Battle of Kursk, which was one of the major battles of World War II, took place in the region between July 5 and August 23, 1943. The Battle of Kursk (Курская битва refers to a series of German and Soviet operations on the Eastern Front of World War II Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire

See also: Jagoldai

Politics

The Parliament of Kursk Oblast is the Kursk Oblast Duma which consists of 45 members elected for four-year term. Jagoldai, Cağalday ( Polish: Jaholdaj) (pronounce yah-gohl-DAI or jah-ghahl-DAY &ndash little Tatar tyumen (duchy in today Kursk Oblast TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those The head of the oblast is a governor who is appointed by the President of Russia. The President of Russia (Президент России or the President of the Russian Federation, Президент Российской

The center-right United Russia Party and the left Communist Party of the Russian Federation are Kursk Oblast's major political parties. United Russia (Единая Россия Yedinaya Rossiya) is a major Political party in the Russian Federation. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation (Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации = КПРФ Transliteration of Russian into English|translit Traditionally, the Communist Party is the strongest in the Oblast's rural area.

Economy

Industry

Oblast's production dropped rapidly during the 1990s, as industrial crisis was stimulated by the nationwide economic crisis which followed the fall of the Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 However, by the end of the decade output was increasing. Moreover, the manufacturing sector, despite a sagging economy in the late 20th century, accounts for about 40% of the oblast's GDP. Engineering industry, electric-power industry, metal-working industry, chemicals, and food processing are the dominant industries.

Agriculture

Most of the main farming areas are used for natural pastures or cultivation, which involves mainly wheat, sugar beet, and fodder crops. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L a member of the Chenopodiaceae family is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of Sucrose. In Agriculture, fodder or animal feed is any Foodstuff that is used specifically to feed Domesticated Livestock, such as The main categories of productive holdings are wheat farms, dairy farms, poultry farms, and beef cattle. Agricultural lands cover 23,000 square kilometers (8,900 sq mi), or 77% of the oblast's territory.

Transportation

Transportation industry of Kursk Oblast, with easy access to national and international markets, is the basis for the oblast's development. The most important modes of transport throughout the oblast are by railway and road. Total length of railway network is 1,100 kilometers (680 mi). Two major rail links pass through Kursk Oblast: Moscow–Kharkiv and Kiev–Voronezh. Kharkiv or Kharkov (Харків Харьков is the second largest city in Ukraine. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the Voronezh (Воро́неж) is a large city in southwestern Russia not far from Ukraine. Region roads serve all towns and rural settlements through 5,600 kilometers (3,480 mi) road network. In addition, there is an airport in the oblast which was opened to international flights in July 1997.

Education

The largest university of Kursk Oblast is Kursk State Technical University, which is located in the city of Kursk. There are also 22 other higher education facilities in Kursk Oblast.

Tourism

Kursk Oblast's natural attraction is the State Central-Chernozem national park, which offers great opportunity for hiking. Oblast's forests and others undeveloped areas are ideal for hunting, fishing, and camping. Traditional art and architecture are preserved in the town-museum of Rylsk and others historical towns of Kursk Oblast.

External links

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