Koryaksky
Koryaksky volcano towers over Avacha Bay
Elevation	3,456 metres (11,340 feet)
Location	Kamchatka, Russia
Coordinates	53°19′N, 158°41′E
Type	Stratovolcano
Last eruption	1957
Easiest route	basic rock/snow climb

Koryaksky or Koryakskaya Sopka (Russian: Коря́кская со́пка) is a volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula in the far east of Russia. Avacha Bay (Авачинская губа Авачинская бухта is a Pacific Ocean bay by the southeastern coast of Kamchatka Peninsula In topography a summit is a point on a surface which is higher in Elevation than all points immediately adjacent to Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Mountains can be characterized in several ways Some mountains are Volcanoes and can be characterized by the type of lava and eruptive history A stratovolcano, also called a composite volcano is a tall conical Volcano composed of many layers of hardened Lava, Tephra, and Volcanic Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) A climbing route is a path by which a climber reaches the top of a Mountain, rock or ice wall Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending It lies within sight of Kamchatka Krai's administrative center, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Kamchatka Krai (Камча́тский край is a federal subject of Russia. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский is the main city and the administrative industrial scientific and cultural center of Together with neighbouring Avachinsky, it has been designated a Decade Volcano, worthy of particular study in light of its history of explosive eruptions and proximity to populated areas. Avachinsky (also known as Avacha or Avacha Volcano or Avachinskaya Sopka) (Авачинская сопка Авача is an active Stratovolcano The Decade Volcanoes are 16 Volcanoes identified by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI as being worthy

Geological history

Koryaksky lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire, at a point where the Pacific Plate is sliding underneath the Eurasian Plate at a rate of about 80 mm/year. The Pacific Plate is an oceanic Tectonic plate beneath the Pacific Ocean. The Eurasian Plate is a Tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia (a landmass consisting of the traditional Continents of Europe A wedge of mantle material lies between the subducting Pacific Plate and the overlying Eurasian Plate is the source of dynamic volcanism over the whole Kamchatka Peninsula. The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided In Geology, a subduction zone is an area on Earth where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another with one sliding underneath the other

The volcano has probably been active for tens of thousands of years. Geological records indicate that there have been three major eruptions in the last 10,000 years, at 5500 BC, 1950 BC and 1550 BC. During the 6th millennium BC, Agriculture spreads from the Balkans to Italy and Eastern Europe and from Mesopotamia to Egypt. The 20th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2000 BC to 1901 BC These three eruptions seem to have been mainly effusive, generating extensive lava flows. Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures

Recent activity

Clouds forming over Koryakasky

Koryaksky erupted for the first time in recorded history in 1890, in an eruption characterised by the emission of lava from fissures which opened up on the south western flank of the volcano, and phreatic explosions. Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common In Anatomy, fissure ( Latin fissura, Plural fissurae) is a groove natural division deep furrow cleft or tear in various parts of A Phreatic eruption, also called an ultravulcanian eruption, occurs when rising Magma makes contact with ground or surface water It was thought to have erupted again five years later, but it was later shown that no eruption had occurred; what was thought to be an eruption column was simply steam generated by strong fumarolic activity. An eruption column consists of hot Volcanic ash emitted during an explosive Volcanic eruption.

Another brief, moderately explosive eruption occurred in 1926, after which the volcano was dormant until 1956. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The 1956 eruption was more explosive than the previous known eruptions, with VEI=3, and generated pyroclastic flows and lahars. The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI was devised by Chris Newhall of the U A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current) is a common and devastating result of some volcanic eruptions. A lahar is a type of Mudflow / Landslide composed of Pyroclastic material and Water that flows down from a Volcano, typically The eruption continued until June 1957. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar)

Since then, the volcano has seen no further eruptions, but occasional seismic activity and ongoing fumarolic activity has indicated that the volcano is still active. In light of its proximity to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Koryaksky was designated a Decade Volcano in 1996 as part of the United Nations' International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, together with the nearby Avachinsky volcano. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский is the main city and the administrative industrial scientific and cultural center of The Decade Volcanoes are 16 Volcanoes identified by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI as being worthy Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Avachinsky (also known as Avacha or Avacha Volcano or Avachinskaya Sopka) (Авачинская сопка Авача is an active Stratovolcano

References

Koryaksky seen from neighbouring Avachinsky's peak

1. Droznin D. , Levin V. , Park J. , Gordeev E. (2002), Detailed Mapping of Seismic Anisotropy Indicators in Southeastern Kamchatka, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002
2. Levin V. , Park J. , Gordeev E. , Droznin D. (2002), Complex Anisotropic Structure of the Mantle Wedge Beneath Kamchatka Volcanoes, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002
3. Taran Y. A. , Connor C. B. , Shapar V. N. , Ovsyannikov A. A. , Bilichenko A. A. (1997), Fumarolic activity of Avachinsky and Koryaksky volcanoes, Kamchatka, from 1993 to 1994, Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 58, p. 441-448

External links

• Koryaksky volcano at SummitPost.org
• VolcanoWorld information
• Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program: Koryaksky
• Pravda article about seismic activity at Koryaksky