Korean wave
Korean
Hangul 한류 Hanja 韓流 Revised Romanization Hanryu McCune-Reischauer Hanryu
Japanese
Kanji 韓流 Hepburn Kanryū
Chinese
Traditional Chinese 韓流 Simplified Chinese 韩流 Hanyu Pinyin Hánliú

The Korean wave refers to the recent surge of popularity of South Korean popular culture in other countries, especially in Asian countries. Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with Hiragana (ひらがな 平仮名 Katakana The is named after James Curtis Hepburn, who used it to transcribe the sounds of the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet in the third edition of his Japanese–English Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The contemporary culture of South Korea developed from the traditional Culture of Korea, but since the 1948 Division of Korea, it has developed separately

It is also referred to as "Hallyu", from the Korean pronunciation of the term. The term was coined in China in mid 1999 by Beijing journalists startled by the growing popularity of South Koreans and South Korean goods in China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES ^[1] 한류/韓流/韩流 (Korean Wave) is homophone to an existing compound word, 한류/寒流 ("cold current") in Mandarin Chinese and Korean. A homophone is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning In Linguistics, a compound is a Lexeme (less precisely a Word) that consists of more than one stem. This article is mainly about the spoken Korean language See Hangul for details on the native Korean writing system

The Korean wave began with the export of Korean TV dramas such as Jewel in the Palace and Winter Sonata across East and Southeast Asia; the growing success of Korean drama was shortly matched in the fields of movies and popular music. Korean drama (한국드라마 refers to televised dramas similar to Western Miniseries, produced in the Korean language for Korean audiences Dae Jang Geum ( literally The Great Jang Geum, aired in the United States as A Jewel in the Palace) is a 2003 TV series produced Winter Sonata (aka Winter Ballad / Winter Love Story, Korean: 겨울연가) was the second part of the KBS TV drama series Korean cinema encompasses the motion picture industries of North Korea and South Korea. K-pop is an abbreviation for Korean Popular music, specifically from South Korea.

Contents 1 Explaining the phenomenon 2 Current situation 3 Future 4 Criticism 5 References 6 See also 7 External links

Explaining the phenomenon

Initially, many Asian television companies broadcast Korean shows because the productions were impressive-looking but cheap to purchase. As their exposure increased, they resonated with audiences and their popularity grew; by 2000 the Wave was in full swing.

The popularity of South Korean shows, singers, and movies throughout Asia is due both to South Korea's high income levels and to the closer cultural affinity they can share as Asian countries. ^[2]

South Korea is now the 10th largest economy in the world, and 9th largest film market, and its entertainment companies are able to finance shows and movies with production values higher than in much of Asia. Korean pop singers' performances are slickly produced and often feature spectacular laser and fireworks shows.

Success of Korean dramas, a market dominated by the youth, can be attributed to good looking actors and actresses who embody a number of traits that are very familiar to regular drama viewers and popular fantasies among women. Portrayed sensitivity and depth among male characters in Korean dramas attracts much of the female drama viewers. ^[3]

More importantly, though, the shows and movies have themes that all audiences can socially relate to regardless of culture or geographical location. Korean dramas typically deal with family issues, love, and filial piety in an age of changing technology and values.

Recent years have seen an increase in interest in the Korean language, Korean cuisine and Hanbok, the traditional Korean dress. This article is mainly about the spoken Korean language See Hangul for details on the native Korean writing system Korean cuisine as a national Cuisine known today has evolved through centuries of social and political change Hanbok ( South Korea) or Chosŏn-ot ( North Korea) is the traditional Korean dress

Current situation

The overwhelming success of South Korean dramas, movies, and music served as a major tourist magnet in 2005, mainly from China, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Marshall Islands. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Singapore For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially The Marshall Islands, officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI is a Micronesian nation of islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean ^[4]

After the overwhelming success of the drama Dae Jang Geum in Iran,^[5], Iranian national TV's Channel 2 showed a series of programs called Korean Wave introducing Korean culture, and even interviewed Korean star Lee Young Ae^[6]. Dae Jang Geum ( literally The Great Jang Geum, aired in the United States as A Jewel in the Palace) is a 2003 TV series produced For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Channel 2 (شبكه دو in Persian) is one of five nationally broadcast Television channels in Iran. Lee Young-Ae (born January 31 1971 in Seoul) is a South Korean actress who has a fanbase in numerous countries particularly in East and Southeast Asian Soon after that, national TV's Channel 3 started showing another Korean drama, Emperor of the Sea denoting the popularity of Korean dramas in Iran. Channel 3 (شبكه سه in Persian) is one of five nationally broadcast Television channels in Iran. Emperor of the Sea (해신 Hae-sin, lit Sea God is a 51 episode South Korean epic drama that aired in 2004 on KBS2. Avid Iranians have also created fansites for both dramas. ^[7]

Korean male celebrities are now among the highest-paid actors outside Hollywood. According to the South Korean media, Winter Sonata star Bae Yong Joon is now charging $5 million a film, the highest in Asia, not counting Jacky Chan and Jet Li, who received US$14 million for the Chinese film 'Warlords' and more for Hollywood films. Winter Sonata (aka Winter Ballad / Winter Love Story, Korean: 겨울연가) was the second part of the KBS TV drama series Bae Yong Joon (born August 29 1972 in Seoul, South Korea) is a South Korean actor best known for his roles in numerous television ^[8] At least nine other Korean male stars earn more than $10 million a year. ^[9]

The best-selling international artist from Korea is BoA due to her popularity in the J-pop market. Boa Kwon (born November 5, 1986) have contributed to her commercial success in South Korea and Japan and her popularity throughout Asia J-pop is an abbreviation of Japanese pop. It refers to Japanese popular musicians and was coined by the Japanese media to distinguish Japanese musicians from foreign musicians Other international stars also includes Shinhwa and TVXQ along with Super Junior. Shinhwa (신화 is a popular South Korean Boy band and hip hop group TVXQ (often stylized TVXQ!) an acronym for Tong Vfang Xien Qi (東方神起 is a Quintet South Korean Boy band formed under Super Junior (슈퍼주니어 often stylized SUPERJUNIOR) sometimes referred to as SJ or SuJu (슈주 is a thirteen-member Boy band

In 2006, South Korean programs on Chinese government TV networks accounted for more than all other foreign programs combined. ^[10]

On May 5, 2007, a K-pop concert was held at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Hollywood Bowl is a famous modern Amphitheatre in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles California, USA, that is used primarily for music Performances Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The theme for the night was We Are One and several big names performed, including Ivy, Fly to the Sky, Big Bang, Super Junior, Epik High and BoA. Ivy (아이비 (born 박은혜 ( Park Eunhye) November 7 1982) is a K-pop singer who debuted in 2005 with the album Vol Fly to the Sky (플라이 투 더 스카이 is a South Korean R&B duo, consisting of U Super Junior (슈퍼주니어 often stylized SUPERJUNIOR) sometimes referred to as SJ or SuJu (슈주 is a thirteen-member Boy band Epik High ( Hangul: 에픽 하이 is a South Korean hip hop group from Seoul, South Korea. Boa Kwon (born November 5, 1986) have contributed to her commercial success in South Korea and Japan and her popularity throughout Asia

Future

In 2001, many critics predicted the Korean wave would soon cool down. However contrary to most expectations, the Korean wave has grown stronger since 2003. ^[11]

Discussion contained in Munhwa siseon, a semi-academic journal published by the Korea Culture & Tourism Policy Institute took place in March 2005 with the postcolonialist Won Yong-jin as the chair, and six academics including Kim Hyun Mee. At the forum, Bak Jae-bok and other participants predicted that the Korean Wave would continue to surge for some time. They agreed that the traffic in Asian drama began with the liberalization of Taiwan’s drama market in the early 1990s, Japan being the main exporter at the time. Korean drama, then, entered the niche market in the late 1990s when consumption of Hong Kong and Japanese popular culture was declining. ^[12]

In the paper “Korean cultural capital’s phenomenon and cultural nationalism”, Lee Dong Yeun, identifies many ominous traces of cultural nationalism within the phenomenon of the Korean Wave. He concludes his article by warning, “If the Korean Wave continues to surge, reflecting the diplomatic relations that supports a capitalist logic rather than a strengthening of the communicative power of civil society to provide the possibility of diversifying the cultural tastes of the masses, then it will have to put up a hard fight against China’s ethnocentrism and Japan’s malleable nationalism. ”^[13]

Criticism

In 2005, there were signs of a nascent backlash against the "Korean wave", initiated by Asian men who resented the "beautifying" of Korea by the media. The growing "Hallyu" wave mainly attracted female viewers who become increasingly attracted to Korean male actors.

Vietnam's government threatened to ban the broadcast of Korean shows if Vietnamese shows were not broadcast more on Vietnamese television stations. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially ^[14] Taiwan considered limits on the broadcast of foreign shows. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. China also considered boycotting or limiting the amount of Korean imports in the entertainment sector. ^[15]

Vietnam and China are markets where the "Korean wave" has penetrated into the consumer choice and behavior of its respective citizens. The Samsung Economic Research Institute in its special report labeled progress of the "Korean wave" in Vietnam & China as in the 3rd stage, out of a potential four stages. In this stage "Made in Korea" products become increasingly popular. ^[16]

In Japan, a comic book with a title usually translated as "Hating the Korean Wave" sold enough copies that a sequel was released. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. translated as Manga—The Anti-Korean Wave or Manga—The Hate Korea Wave among others also referred to as Hating the Korean Wave in a ''New York The book has been accused of promoting hatred and containing historical inaccuracies. ^[17][18][19]

References

See also

• Contemporary culture of South Korea
• Cinema of Korea
• K-pop
• Korean drama
• KTO (Korea Tourism Organization, formerly, KNTO)
• List of Korea-related topics

External links

• Critical article by Roald Maliangkay on the recent development of the Wave
• The Korea Foundation for Asian Culture Exchange
• "'Korean Wave' Piracy Hits Music Industry", BBC, November 9, 2001. The contemporary culture of South Korea developed from the traditional Culture of Korea, but since the 1948 Division of Korea, it has developed separately Korean cinema encompasses the motion picture industries of North Korea and South Korea. K-pop is an abbreviation for Korean Popular music, specifically from South Korea. Korean drama (한국드라마 refers to televised dramas similar to Western Miniseries, produced in the Korean language for Korean audiences The Korea Tourism Organization ( KTO) is a statutory organization of the Republic of Korea (South Korea under the Ministry This is a list of articles on Korea -related people places things and concepts Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
• "'Korean Wave' Hits Asia Lifting S. Korean Tourism", Yonhap News, December 15, 2005. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• "A rising Korean wave: If Seoul sells it, China craves it", The International Herald Tribune, January 10, 2006. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
• "Hallyu Phenomenon Faces Backlash in East Asia", The Korea Times, January 16, 2006. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
• "Hallyu and Screen Quota", The Korea Times, January 18, 2006. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
• "Korea, Asia's New Entertainment Source?", AllKPop October 28, 2007. Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
• Why Is Korean Wave Popular In China?

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