| Komárno | |
| Komárom | |
| Town | |
 |
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| Country |  Slovakia |
|---|---|
| Region | Nitra |
| District | Komárno |
| Rivers | Danube, Váh |
| Elevation | 110 m (361 ft) |
| Coordinates | |
| Area | 102. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million The Nitra Region ( Slovak: Nitriansky Kraj) is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia. Komárno District (okres Komárno Komáromi járás is a district inthe The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit 807 km² (39. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 694 sq mi) |
| Population | 36,279 (2006-12-31) |
| Density | 353 /km² (914 /sq mi) |
| First mentioned | 1075 |
| Mayor | Bastrnák Tibor |
| Timezone | CET (UTC+1) |
| - summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 945 01 |
| Area code | +421-35 |
| Car plate | KN |
   Location in Slovakia
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  Location in the Nitra Region
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| Wikimedia Commons: Komárno | |
| Statistics: MOŠ/MIS | |
| Website: www.komarno.sk | |
Komárno (pronunciation ; Hungarian: Komárom, colloquially Révkomárom, German: Komorn, Serbian: Коморан or Komoran) is a town in Slovakia at the Danube and the Váh rivers. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Since 1997, the Slovak car registration plate number (EČV evidenčné číslo vozidla generally takes the form XX-NNNYY, where XX is a two letter code corresponding Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Serbian (sr-Cyrl српски језик sr-Latn ''srpski jezik'' is a South Slavic language, Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Komárno is the larger part (the part on the left river bank) of the former town of the Kingdom of Hungary situated on both banks of the Danube. The Kingdom of Hungary (short form Hungary) was a considerable state in Central Europe that existed from 1001 to 1918 then from 1919 to 1946 Following World War I, the border of the newly created Czechoslovakia was set along the Danube which divided the northern and the southern parts of the town. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The smaller part, based on the former suburb of Újszőny (on the other river bank), is in Hungary (present-day town of Komárom). Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Komárom ( Croatian: Komoran, German: Komorn, Serbian: Komoran or Коморан) is a city in Komárno and Komárom are connected by a bridge.
Komárno is Slovakia's principal port on the Danube. It is also the center of the Hungarian ethnic minority in Slovakia. Hungarians or Magyars are the largest ethnic minority of Slovakia, numbering 520528 people or 9
Contents |
Name
One disputed record of the name of the settlement can be dated back to 1075 as Camarum. Further documents mention the settlement as Kamarn(iensis) / Komarn(iense) (1218), Kamarum (1266), Camarum (1268), Kamar (1283) and many other, e. g. Camaron, Comaron (between 1372-1498). Villa Camarun was one of the 23 settlements belonging to the domain of the Komárom castle.
History
Komárno, located at the confluence of the Danube and Váh rivers, 108 - 115 meters above sea level, is an old settlement. Findings stem from the Neolithic, Eneolithic period, the Bronze Age and the early Slavic period. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos The Chalcolithic (Greek khalkos + lithos ' Copper stone' period or Copper Age period known as the '''Eneolithic''' ('''Æneolithic''' is a The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for Many archaeological remains found throughout the region surrounding Komárno also indicate the area was settled by the Celts toward the end of the 1st century BC. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts
During the 1st century AD the Roman Empire extended its frontiers over the region forming the province of Pannonia (present day Transdanubia). The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, This article is about Transdanubia the region in Hungary Transdanubia can also refer to the 21st and 22nd Districts of Vienna, which are the only ones lying on the left Here the Romans, on the southern shore of the Danube, established the military camp and the settlement Brigetio. A chain of fortifications built along the Danube shores protected the camp and town. On the northern shore of the Danube, the fortified bridgehead of Celemantia (near present-day Iža), which was built at the beginning of the 2nd century, protected Brigetio. Celemantia (or Kelemantia; the modern name of the site is Leányvár) was a Roman Castellum and settlement on the territory of the present-day Iža (Izsa is a Village in south-western Slovakia. History The biggest Roman Castellum in present-day Slovakia was located Some historians suppose that there was a similar Roman fortress on site of the Komárno Castle because of the strategic importance of the place but excavations have not yet proved this theory. The Romans remained in Pannonia until the end of the 4th century when they were gradually pushed out by the strengthening attacks of barbarian tribes.
Slavic and Avar findings have been excavated here from the 7th and 8th century AD. The Caucasian Avars are a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan. After the collapse of the Avar empire at the end of the 8th century, Komárno had remained one of the last resorts of the Avars, surrounded by Slavic inhabitants. From the late 8th century to the early 10th century, the territory belonged to the Principality of Nitra and to Great Moravia. The Principality of Nitra or Nitrian Principality (Nitrianske kniežatstvo Nitriansko Nitrava is the name for a Slavic polity centered around Nitra Great Moravia (see Name section was a Slavic state that existed in Central Europe from the 9th century to the early 10th century
In the early 10th century the territory came under the rule of the Magyar tribes. According to the medieval chronicle Gesta Hungarorum, one of the Magyar tribal chieftains, Ketel established his domain near the mouth of the Váh river, his son Alaptolma later built a castle there and named it Komárom. Gesta Hungarorum may also refer to Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum, written by Simon of Kéza Ketel is a legendary Magyar tribal chieftain who lived in the end of the 9th century Alaptolma (or Tolma is a legendary Magyar tribal chieftain who lived in the first part of the 10th century Two-thirds of their people settled around the castle. Both Ketel and Alaptolma were buried in Komárom according to the pagan fashion. Soon after, during the time of the formation of the Hungarian State in the age of Stephen I the fortified settlement with its castle became the center of the Comaromiensis county. Saint Stephen I ( Hungarian: I (Szent István) (967/969/975 Esztergom, Hungary – August 15, 1038, Esztergom-Szentkirály Komárom county (in Latin comitatus Comaromiensis, in Hungarian Komárom (vármegye, in Slovak Komárňanský komitát / Komárňanská stolica / Komárňanská The factual accuracy of the Gesta Hungarorum is often disputed and according to excavations, the present-day Komárno Castle was built only in the 12th century.
King Béla IV, in his charter of April 1, 1265, granted the settlement town status and privileges. Béla IV (IV Béla (1206 &ndash 3 May 1270 King of Hungary and Croatia (1214-1270 Duke of Styria (1254-1258 These privileges contributed to the development of medieval Komárno, helping it establish a flourishing trade market and craft industry. Medieval Komárno prospered, especially under the reign of Mathias Corvinus. Matthias Corvinus ( Matthias the Just; February 23 1443 &ndash April 6 1490) was King of Hungary and He built a renaissance palace within the castle complex and frequented it for rest and pleasure. Mathias Corvinus also established the royal Danube flotilla, which used Komárno as its main base during the Ottoman wars. The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe are also sometimes referred to as the Ottoman Wars or as Turkish Wars, particularly in older European In the 16th century Komárno became one of centers of defense for the Habsburg Empire against the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish During the middle of the 16th century, under the reign of Ferdinand I, the medieval castle was rebuilt into a well-defensible fortification. Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor ( Alcalá de Henares (near Madrid) Kingdom of Castile (now Spain) 10 March 1503 &ndash The rebuilt fortification became known as the Old Fortress when in the 17th century it was enlarged and expanded to form the New Fortress. Both the Old and New Fortresses successfully resisted the attacks of the Turkish army during the course of the Turkish wars. In the 18th century, after the end of the Turkish wars and expulsion of the Turks from the region, Komárno, one of the biggest towns in the country, again began to flourish. Maria Theresa's charter of the March 16, 1745 granted Komárno the status and privilege of a free royal town. Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia see also names in other languages; May 13, 1717 November 29 1780) was the Archduchess regnant Komárno was soon influenced by the Baroque styles that represented and characterized the Habsburg Empire and its territories. The local nobles and burgers built palaces and the newly arrived Trinitarians, Franciscans and Jesuits built churches. The Order of the Holy Trinity (or Trinitarians) is a Catholic Religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order
During the 18th century Komárno experienced many natural disasters including floods, fires, earthquakes, and cholera and plague epidemics. Most notable of these natural disasters were the two earthquakes that completely destroyed the town in 1763 and 1783. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer Despite these calamities, Komárno continued to be an important center for trade and crafts until the middle of the 19th century. Beginning in the early 19th century, the fortifications surrounding Komárno underwent extensive reconstruction. The reconstruction was interrupted by the Revolution of 1848. From March 1848 through July 1849 the Habsburg Austrian Empire was threatened by revolutionary movements Komárno played a significant role in the revolution, remaining the last bastion of the Magyar resistance against the Austrians until 1849, when the fortress and town were finally surrendered. The town was completely destroyed by the Austrian bombardment and left destitute. During the years of Austrian absolutism, Komárno quickly became a strategic military base of Austro-Hungary. Various military buildings were constructed and in 1876 reconstruction of the fortification system was completed. The town itself only slowly recovered from the destruction during the revolutionary war. It lost its former economic importance and influence as a major town of the region.
20th century
Komárno's recovery began at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, when construction of iron bridges across the Danube and Váh began as well as the first railway lines linking Komárno to the rest of Austro-Hungary. Komárno soon became an important transport junction, attracting industry and trade. In 1896 the town of Újszőny on the south side of the Danube was combined with Komárno, allowing the town to expand its territory and development across the Danube.
With the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy after World War I, Komárno again found itself under new rule. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The forming of Czechoslovakia, whose natural border in the south became the Danube River, separated Komárno from its southern half. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In 1919 (confirmed by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920), the territory to the north of the Danube was ceded to Czechoslovakia with the territory to the south of the Danube going to Hungary. The Treaty of Trianon is the peace treaty concluded at the end of World War I by the Allies of World War I, on one side and Hungary, seen as a successor Following the territory reorganization the town officially became known as Komárno (its Slovak name, which had been in use for centuries besides the Magyar, Latin and German names) and in 1923 it was reduced from a county seat to a district seat. The Slovak language ( slovenčina, slovenský jazyk, not to be confused with Slovenščina) sometimes referred to as "Slovakian" In the 1920's the newly founded tobacco business and the construction of the Danube harbor and shipyard created employment opportunities for the local inhabitants as well as bringing an influx of newcomers. Although this resulted in a dramatic change in the national composition of Komárno, the majority remained Hungarian.
In fact Komárno became the center of cultural and social life of the "new" Hungarian minority in Czechoslovakia. In 1938, under the First Vienna Award of that year, Komárno (now again as Komárom) was annexed to Hungary. The First Vienna Award was the result of the First Vienna Arbitration ( November 2, 1938) which took place at Vienna 's Belvedere Its former name and status of town and county seat of the Komárom county was restored. Komárom county (in Latin comitatus Comaromiensis, in Hungarian Komárom (vármegye, in Slovak Komárňanský komitát / Komárňanská stolica / Komárňanská At the onset of World War II Komárom/Komárno became a military center for the Germans and eventually the frontline for the Germans defending the oil refineries to the south. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Although there was no heavy fighting in the Komárno area, it was bombarded several times. The bridges connecting the two territories were destroyed and most of the territory lying on the south bank of the Danube lay in ruins. On March 30th 1945 the territory on the north bank of the Danube became part of Czechoslovakia again. After the war, large-scale reconstruction of Komárno's industries began. The reconstruction of the shipyard, the town's largest industrial facility, was completed in 1950 and greatly promoted the economic development of the town. New factories were constructed in the west side of town near the shipyard creating a new industrial district. An urban development plan was implemented as well. Residential districts were created with new housing estates and wide roads were laid across the town.
Sights
The majority of the historical and cultural sites, including the town center of the former Komárno, were well preserved and remain to this day. The county and town halls, the courthouse, St. Andrews Church, the Danube Museum, and other buildings are examples of some of the many historical structures still standing today. Klapka Square (named after György Klapka, the Hungarian general who defended Komárno against the Austrians in the War of Independence) and the well preserved remains of the fortification structure are Komárno's main historical monuments symbolizing both the pride and resilience of this historical important town. The Europe Square, built in 2001 (pictured here) is a Disney-like area in the center, purporting to represent buildings from all parts of Europe. The buildings function as shops and restaurants.
Demographics and culture
In 2001, the town had a population of 37,366. 60% of the inhabitants are Hungarians, the second-highest proportion in the country after Dunajská Streda. Hungarians (or Magyars, magyarok are an Ethnic group primarily associated with Hungary. Dunajská Streda ( Dunaszerdahely Niedermarkt is a Town in southern Slovakia ( Trnavský kraj) Slovaks made up 34. } The Slovaks or Slovakians are a western Slavic People that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is 7%. In 2004 the first Hungarian-language university in Slovakia since 1919, the J. Selye University was established in Komárno. The Selye János University (Selye János Egyetem Univerzita J
Famous People
- Moriz Ludassy (Gans) (1825-1885) – journalist
- Mór Jókai (1825-1904) – one of the greatest Hungarian writers
- Hans Selye (1907-1982) – biologist
- Ivan Reitman (1946-) – film producer and director born here, but raised in Canada
- Franz Lehár (1870-1948) – operetta composer, was born here
- Szilárd Németh (1977-) – international footballer
- Juraj Bača (1977-) - canoer
- Richard Riszdorfer (1981-) - canoer
- Erik Vlček (1981-) - canoer
Twinning
References
External links
Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Mór Jókai, born Móric Jókay de Ásva ( 19 February 1825 &ndash 5 May 1904) outside Hungary also known as Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Hans Hugo Bruno Selye (Selye János CC was a Canadian endocrinologist of Austro-Hungarian origin and Hungarian ethnicity Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Ivan Reitman (born October 27, 1946) is a Canadian film producer and director Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Franz Lehár (30 April 1870 &ndash 24 October 1948 known in Hungarian as Lehár Ferenc, was an Austrian Composer of Hungarian descent Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Operetta is a genre of light Opera, light in terms both of music and subject matter Szilárd 'The Slovakian Express' Németh (born August 8 1977 in Komárno, Slovakia) is an ethnic Hungarian professional Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Juraj Bača (born March 17, 1977 in Komárno) is a Slovakian flatwater canoer, who won an Olympic bronze medal in K-4 1000 m at Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Richard Riszdorfer (born March 17, 1981 in Komárno) is a Slovakian flatwater canoer, who won an Olympic bronze medal in K-4 Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Erik Vlček (born December 29, 1981 in Komárno) is a Slovakian flatwater canoer, who won an Olympic bronze medal in K-4 1000 Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Blansko (ˈblansko German: Blanz) is a town in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Komárom ( Croatian: Komoran, German: Komorn, Serbian: Komoran or Коморан) is a city in Kralupy nad Vltavou (ˈkralupɪ ˈnad vl̩tavoʊ̯ is a city in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Lieto (ˈlieto or Lundo in Swedish, is a municipality of Finland. Sebeş ( German: Mühlbach, Hungarian: Szászsebes) is a city in Alba County, central Romania, southern Transylvania For the Nazi concentration camp see Theresienstadt concentration camp. Weißenfels is the largest town of the Burgenlandkreis district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic