Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Kofi Annan
Kofi Annan
In office
January 1, 1997 – January 1, 2007
Preceded by Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Succeeded by Ban Ki-moon
Born April 8, 1938 (1938-04-08) (age 70)
Kumasi, Gold Coast
Nationality Ghanaian
Spouse Titi Alakija (divorced)
Nane Maria Annan
Religion Christian, Protestant[1]

Kofi Atta Annan, GCMG (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to January 1, 2007. The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 Ban Ki-moon (born 13 June 1944 Korean: 반기문 Hanja: 潘基文 is the current Secretary-General of the United Nations. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Kumasi is a City in southern central Ghana. It is located near the Lake Bosomtwe, in the Rain Forest Region about 250 km (by road This article is about the British colony in west Africa 1821-1957 The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George Prince Regent (later George Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Annan and the United Nations were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor

Contents

Early years and family

Kofi Annan was born to Victoria and Henry Reginald Annan in the Kofandros section of Kumasi, Ghana. Kumasi is a City in southern central Ghana. It is located near the Lake Bosomtwe, in the Rain Forest Region about 250 km (by road The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the He is a twin, a significantly regarded occurrence in Ghanaian culture. Twins are Offspring resulting from the same Pregnancy, either of the same or opposite Sex. Ghana is a country of 22 million people comprising over 60 Ethnic groups His twin sister Efua Atta, who died in 1991, shares the middle name 'Atta', which in Fante and Akan means 'twin'.

Annan's family was part of the country's elite; both of his grandfathers and his uncle were tribal chiefs. His father was Asante and Fante; his mother was Fante. Ashanti, or Asante, are a major Ethnic group of Ashanti Region in Ghana. For the writer see John Fante. Fante can also refer to the Fante language. Annan's father worked for a long period as an export manager for the Lever Brothers cocoa company. British manufacturer Lever Brothers was founded in 1885 by William Hesketh Lever and his brother James Cocoa is the dried and fully fermented fatty seed of the cacao tree from which Chocolate is made

Annan is married to Nane Maria Annan, a Swedish lawyer and artist who is the half-niece of Raoul Wallenberg. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Raoul Wallenberg (August 4 1912 &ndash July 17 1947? was a Swedish Humanitarian of the prominent Swedish Wallenberg family who worked in Budapest He has two children, Kojo and Ama, from his previous marriage to a Nigerian woman, Titi Alakija, whom he divorced in the late 1970s. Kojo Annan (born July 1973 in Geneva, Switzerland) is the son of ex- UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Annan also has one stepchild, Nina Cronstedt de Groot, Nane's daughter from a previous marriage.

Name

As with most Akan names, his first name indicates the day of the week he was born: Kofi denotes a boy born on a Friday. The name Annan can indicate that a child was the fourth in the family, but in Annan's family at some time in the past it became a family name, which Annan inherited from his parents.

In his earlier years at the UN, Annan's last name had widely been mispronounced as rhyming with "anon"; Annan has let it be known that he pronounces his name to rhyme with "cannon" (/ˈænən/). [2]

Education

From 1954 to 1957, Annan attended the elite Mfantsipim school, a Methodist boarding school in Cape Coast founded in the 1870s. Mfantsipim was the first secondary school to be established in the Gold Coast in 1876 and in 1931, it moved to its present Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations A boarding school is a School where some or all pupils not only study but also live during term time with their fellow students and possibly teachers Cape Coast, or Cabo Corso, is the capital of the Central Region of Ghana and is also the capital city of the Fante (Fanti people or Annan has said that the school taught him "that suffering anywhere concerns people everywhere". In 1957, the year Annan graduated from Mfantsipim, Ghana became the first British colony in Sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence.

In 1958, Annan began studying for a degree in economics at the Kumasi College of Science and Technology, now the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology of Ghana. A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology is a technical University located in Kumasi, Ghana. He received a Ford Foundation grant, enabling him to complete his undergraduate studies at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States, in 1961. The Ford Foundation is a Private foundation incorporated in Michigan and based in New York City created to fund programs that were chartered in 1936 by Macalester College is a private Coeducational liberal arts college located in Saint Paul Minnesota. Saint Paul ( abbreviated St Paul) is the capital and second most populous city in the U Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Annan then did a DEA degree in International Relations at the Graduate Institute of International Studies (Institut universitaire des hautes études internationales IUHEI) in Geneva, Switzerland, from 1961–62, later attending the MIT Sloan School of Management (1971–72) Sloan Fellows program and receiving a Master of Science (M. The Graduate Institute of International Studies, best known as HEI, was founded in 1927 at the time of the League of Nations, as one of the first institutions in Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The Sloan Fellows program is a mid-career Masters' degree in General Management supported by a grant from the Alfred P A Master of Science ( Latin: Magister Scientiæ; abbreviated MSc, M S. ) degree from the MIT Sloan School of Management.

Annan is fluent in English, French, Kru, other dialects of Akan, and other African languages. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The Kru Languages belong to the Niger-Congo language family and are spoken in the area ranging from the south-east of Liberia to the east of Côte There are an estimated 2000 Languages spoken in Africa. About a hundred of these are widely used for inter-ethnic communication

Early career

In 1962, Annan started working as a Budget Officer for the World Health Organization, an agency of the United Nations. From 1974 to 1976, he worked as the Director of Tourism in Ghana. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Annan then returned to work for the United Nations as an Assistant Secretary-General in three consecutive positions: Human Resources Management and Security Coordinator, from 1987 to 1990; Program Planning, Budget and Finance, and Controller, from 1990 to 1992; and Peacekeeping Operations, from March 1993 to February 1994.

The chain of events which lead up to the 1994 Rwandan Genocide unfolded while Annan was heading up Peacekeeping Operations. The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda 's minority Tutsis and the moderates of its Hutu majority In his book Shake Hands with the Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda, Canadian ex-General Roméo Dallaire, who was force commander of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda, claims that Annan was overly passive in his response to the incipient genocide. Shake Hands with the Devil The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda (ISBN 0-7867-1510-3 / ISBN 0-7867-1487-5 is a book by Lieutenant-General Roméo Dallaire Lieutenant-General Roméo Antonius Dallaire, OC, CMM, GOQ, MSC, CD (born June 25, 1946 in The United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda ( UNAMIR) was a mission instituted by the United Nations to aid the implementation Gen. Dallaire explicitly asserts that Annan held back U. N. troops from intervening to settle the conflict, and from providing more logistical and material support. In particular, Dallaire claims that Annan failed to provide any responses to his repeated faxes asking him for access to a weapons depository, something that could have helped defend the endangered Tutsis. The Tutsi are one of three native Peoples of the nations of Rwanda and Burundi in central Africa, the other two being the Twa Dallaire concedes, however, that Annan was a man whom he found extremely "committed" to the founding principles of the United Nations.

Annan served as Under-Secretary-General until October 1995, when he was made a Special Representative of the Secretary-General to the former Yugoslavia, serving for five months in that capacity before returning to his duties as Under-Secretary-General in April 1996. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian:

Secretary-General of the United Nations

Appointment

On December 13, 1996, Annan was recommended by the United Nations Security Council to replace the previous Secretary-General, Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt, whose second term faced the opposition of the central veto of the United States. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. [3][4] He was confirmed four days later by the vote of the General Assembly,[5] and he started his first term as Secretary-General on January 1, 1997. Membership For two articles dealing with membership in the General Assembly see General Assembly members New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

Activities

Mark Malloch Brown succeeded Louise Frechette as Annan's Deputy Secretary-General in April 2004. George Mark Malloch Brown Baron Malloch-Brown, KCMG, PC (born 1953 is a Minister of State in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Louise Fréchette, OC, (born July 16, 1946) was United Nations Deputy Secretary-General for eight years and a long-time Canadian

In April 2001, he issued a five-point "Call to Action" to address the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome A pandemic (from Greek παν pan all + δήμος demos people is an Epidemic of Infectious disease that spreads through As Secretary-General, Annan saw this pandemic as a "personal priority" and proposed the establishment of a Global AIDS and Health Fund in an attempt to stimulate the increased spending needed to help developing countries confront the HIV/AIDS crisis. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria (often commonly called "The Global Fund" was established in January 2002 to dramatically increase global

On December 10, 2001, Annan and the United Nations were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, "for their work for a better organized and more peaceful world". The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor

During the buildup to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Annan called on the United States and the United Kingdom not to invade without the support of the United Nations. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In a September 2004 interview on the BBC, Annan was asked about the legal authority for the invasion, and responded, "from our point of view, from the charter point of view it was illegal. In March 2003 the US government announced that " Diplomacy has failed" and that it would proceed with a "coalition of the willing" to rid Iraq of The United Nations Charter is the Treaty that forms and establishes the International organization called the United Nations. "[6][7]

Annan supported sending a UN peacekeeping mission to Darfur, Sudan, and worked with the government of Sudan to accept a transfer of power from the African Union peacekeeping mission to a UN one. The United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS was established by the UN Security Council under UN Security Council Resolution 1590 of 24 March 2005 The War in Darfur is a military conflict in the Darfur region of western Sudan. Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African The African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS was an African Union (AU peacekeeping force operating primarily in the country's western region of Darfur with Annan also worked with several Arab and Muslim countries on women's rights and other topics. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. The term Muslim world (or Islamic world) has several meanings Nuala O'Loan, the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland recently stated, "I imagine that if Kofi Annan saw somebody abusing human rights he would kick them in the knee". Dame Nuala Patricia O'Loan DBE (born 20 December 1951) is a noted public figure in Northern Ireland.

Beginning in 1998 Annan convened an annual UN Security Council Retreat with 15 States representatives of the Council at the Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF) Conference Center at the Rockefeller family estate at Pocantico, which was sponsored by both the RBF and the UN. The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF ( Philanthropy for an Interdependent World) is an international philanthropic organisation created and run by members of the Rockefeller The Rockefeller family, the renowned Cleveland family of John D [8] He and his wife also attended the Playhouse at the family estate on the occasion of Brooke Astor's 100th birthday celebration. Brooke Astor ( March 30, 1902 &ndash August 13, 2007) was an American philanthropist and Socialite who was the [9] He is a strong supporter and guest of the family's Asia Society in New York. The Asia Society is the leading global and pan-Asian organization whose mission is to strengthen relationships and promote understanding among the people leaders and institutions of [10]

Lubbers sexual-harassment investigation

In June 2004, Annan was given a copy of the Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS) report on the complaint of sexual harassment, abuse of authority, and retaliation against Ruud Lubbers, UN High Commissioner for Refugees. June 2004: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September The United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services, or OIOS, is a United Nations organ whose primary purpose is to perform world-wide Audit, Rudolphus Franciscus Marie Lubbers or Ruud Lubbers (born 7 May 1939 was Prime minister of the Netherlands from 1982 &ndash 1994 Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR (established December 14, 1950) is a The report also discussed allegations of sexual harassment and misconduct against Werner Blatter, Director of UNHCR Personnel, by a long-serving staff member. The investigation report found Ruud Lubbers guilty of sexual harassment and no mention was made publicly of the other charge against a senior official or the two subsequent complaints she filed later that year. In the course of the official investigation, Lubbers wrote a letter that some speculate was a threat to the female worker who had brought the charges of misconduct. [11] However, on July 15, 2004, Lubbers was declared innocent by Kofi Annan. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " His decision only lasted until November when OIOS issued its annual report to the UN General Assembly noting it has found Lubbers guilty. Widely reported in the media, these events served to weaken Annan's position.

On November 17, 2004, Annan accepted a report clearing UN Under-Secretary-General for Internal Oversight Services Dileep Nair of graft and sexual harassment charges — charges which some viewed as retaliation against Nair for supporting the complainant in the Lubbers affair. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Dileep Nair was the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Internal Oversight Services and head of the United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services. Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain However, clearance was not viewed favorably by some UN staff in New York, leading to extensive debate on November 19. In February 2005, Lubbers resigned as head of the UN refugee agency. [1]

Oil-for-Food scandal

In December 2004, reports surfaced that the Secretary-General's son Kojo received payments from the Swiss company Cotecna Inspection SA, which won a lucrative contract under the UN Oil-for-Food Program. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The Oil-for-Food Programme, established by the United Nations in 1995 (under UN Security Council Resolution 986) and terminated in late 2003 was intended Kofi Annan called for an investigation into this matter.

The Independent Inquiry Committee into The United Nations Oil-for-Food Program was appointed by Annan[12] and led by former US Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker;[13] Volcker has strong ideological ties to the UN as director of the United Nations Association of the United States of America. Paul Adolph Volcker (born September 5, 1927 in Cape May New Jersey) is an American Economist The United Nations Association of the United States of America or UNA-USA is a not-for-profit membership organization dedicated to building understanding of and support In his first interview with the Inquiry Committee, Annan denied having had a meeting with Cotecna. Later in the inquiry he recalled that he had met with Cotecna's chief executive Elie-Georges Massey twice. In a final report issued on October 27, the committee found insufficient evidence to indict Kofi Annan on any illegal actions, but did find fault with Mr. Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Benan Sevan, a Cypriot national who had worked for the UN for about 40 years. Appointed to his Oil-For-Food role by Kofi Annan, Mr. Sevan repeatedly asked Iraqis for allocations of oil to the African Middle East Petroleum Company. Sevan's behavior was "ethically improper", Volcker said to reporters. Sevan for his part, has repeatedly denied the charges and argues that he is being made a "scapegoat". The Volcker report was also highly critical of the UN management structure and the Security Council oversight and strongly recommended a new position of Chief Operating Officer to handle the fiscal and administrative responsibilities which currently fall to the Secretary General's office. The report listed the companies, both Western and Middle Eastern, who illegally benefited from the program. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East.

Conflict between the United States and the United Nations

Kofi Annan supported his deputy Secretary-General Mark Malloch Brown, who openly criticized segments of the United States media in a speech on June 6, 2006: "But [the UN's role in peacekeeping] is not well known or understood, in part because much of the public discourse that reaches the US heartland has been largely abandoned to its loudest detractors such as Rush Limbaugh and Fox News. George Mark Malloch Brown Baron Malloch-Brown, KCMG, PC (born 1953 is a Minister of State in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The prevailing practice of seeking to use the UN almost by stealth as a diplomatic tool while failing to stand up for it against its domestic critics is simply not sustainable…. You will lose the UN one way or another. "[14] The U. S. ambassador John R. Bolton was reported to have told Annan on the phone: "I've known you since 1989 and I'm telling you this is the worst mistake by a senior UN official that I have seen in that entire time. John Robert Bolton (born November 20, 1948) is an American public servant who has served in several Republican presidential administrations "[15] At the end of Kofi Annan's tenure as Secretary General, Bolton was asked to sum up Annan's years at the UN. He responded simply: "I'll pass. "[2]

Farewell addresses

On September 19, 2006, Annan gave a farewell address to world leaders gathered at the UN headquarters in New York, in anticipation of his retirement on December 31. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The United Nations Headquarters is a distinctive complex in New York City that has served as the headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1950 Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. In the speech he outlined three major problems of "an unjust world economy, world disorder, and widespread contempt for human rights and the rule of law", which he believes "have not resolved, but sharpened" during his time as Secretary-General. Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled He also pointed to violence in Africa, and the Arab-Israeli conflict as two major issues warranting attention. [16]

On December 11, 2006, in his final speech as Secretary-General, delivered at the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library in Independence, Missouri, Annan recalled Truman's leadership in the founding of the United Nations. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Harry S Truman Presidential Museum and Library is a Library and Museum dedicated to preserve the papers books and other historical materials relating to former Independence is a city in Jackson County in the US state of Missouri, and the fourth largest city in the state Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee He called for the United States to return to President Truman's multilateralist foreign policies, and to follow Truman's credo that "the responsibility of the great states is to serve and not dominate the peoples of the world". Multilateralism is a term in International relations that refers to multiple countries working in concert on a given issue He also said that the United States must maintain its commitment to human rights, "including in the struggle against terrorism. "[17][18]

Recommendations for UN reform

After years of research, Annan presented a progress report, In Larger Freedom, to the UN General Assembly, on March 21, 2005. Since the late 1990s there have been many calls for reform of the United Nations (UN Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Annan recommended Security Council expansion and a host of other UN reforms. Since the late 1990s there have been many calls for reform of the United Nations (UN [19]

On 31 January 2006, Kofi Annan outlined his vision for a comprehensive and extensive reform of the UN in a policy speech to the United Nations Association UK. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The United Nations Association of the UK (UNA-UK is the leading independent policy authority on the UN in the UK and a UK-wide grassroots membership organisation The speech, delivered at Central Hall, Westminster, also marked the 60th Anniversary of the first meetings of the UN General Assembly and UN Security Council. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. Membership For two articles dealing with membership in the General Assembly see General Assembly members [20]

On March 7, 2006, he presented to the General Assembly his proposals for a fundamental overhaul of the United Nations Secretariat. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The reform report is entitled: "Investing in the United Nations, For a Stronger Organization Worldwide". [21]

On March 30, 2006, he presented to the General Assembly his analysis and recommendations for updating the entire work programme of the United Nations Secretariat over the last 60 years. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The report is entitled: "Mandating and Delivering: Analysis and Recommendations to Facilitate the Review of Mandates". [22]

Post-UN career

Upon his return to Ghana, Annan was immediately suggested as a candidate to become the country's next head of state. Prior to independence Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. [23]

He has become involved with several organizations with both global and African focuses. In 2007, Annan was named chairman of the prize committee for the Mo Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership, was chosen to lead the new formation of Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), became a member of the Global Elders, was appointed president of the Global Humanitarian Forum in Geneva, and was selected for the MacArthur Foundation Award for International Justice. DrMohamed "Mo" Ibrahim (born 1946 is a Sudanese born British mobile communications entrepreneur The Green Revolution refers to the transformation of Agriculture that began in 1945 at the request of the Mexican government to establish an agricultural research station to The Global Elders or The Elders is a group of Public figures noted as elder statesmen, Peace activists and Human rights advocates Global Humanitarian Forum is an international Humanitarian arena to foster Dialogue and broker Partnerships that strengthen the international community’s The John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation is a major private grant -making Private foundation based in Chicago that has awarded more than US$4 billion

In the beginning of 2008, as head of the Panel of Eminent African Personalities, Annan participated in the negotiations to end the civil unrest in Kenya. The 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis refers to a political economic and humanitarian crisis that erupted in Kenya after incumbent President Mwai Kibaki was declared He threatened to leave the negotions as mediatior if a quick decision is not made.

[24] On February 26, 2008 he suspended talks to end Kenya's violent post-election crisis. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common [25] On February 28, Annan managed to have President Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga sign a coalition government agreement and was widely lauded by many Kenyans for this landmark achievement. That was the best deal achieved then under the mediation efforts.

Annan currently serves on the board of directors of the United Nations Foundation, a public charity created in 1998 with entrepreneur and philanthropist Ted Turner’s historic $1 billion gift to support UN causes. The United Nations Foundation was created in 1998 with Entrepreneur and Philanthropist Ted Turner’s historic $ 1 billion gift to An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company enterprise, or Venture, and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material Robert Edward "Ted" Turner III (born November 19, 1938) is an American Media proprietor and philanthropist. The UN Foundation builds and implements public-private partnerships to address the world’s most pressing problems, and broadens support for the UN. [26]

Honors

See also

References

  1. ^ Lefevere, Patricia. The John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation is a major private grant -making Private foundation based in Chicago that has awarded more than US$4 billion King's College London is a British Higher education institution and co-founding constituent college of the federal University of London. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda 's minority Tutsis and the moderates of its Hutu majority Since the late 1990s there have been many calls for reform of the United Nations (UN Based in Ghana, the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre (KAIPTC provides training and research in peacekeeping and peaceoperations "Annan: `Peace is never a perfect achievement' - United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan", National Catholic Reporter, 1998-12-11. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Retrieved on [[2008-02-26]]. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed  
  2. ^ Crossette, Barbara. "New U.N. Chief Promises Reforms but Says He Won't Cut Jobs", New York Times, 1997-01-10. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Retrieved on 2008-02-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor  
  3. ^ United Nations (1996-12-13). The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life "BIO/3051 - Kofi Annan of Ghana recommended by Security Council for appointment as Secretary-General of United Nations". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  4. ^ Traub, James (2006). James Traub, born in 1954 is a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, where he has worked since 1998 The Best Intentions. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 66-67. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Farrar Straus and Giroux is an American book Publishing company founded in 1946 by Roger W ISBN 978-0-374-18220-5.  
  5. ^ United Nations (1996-12-17). The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila "GA/9208 - General Assembly appoints Kofi Annan of Ghana as seventh Secretary-General". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  6. ^ "Iraq war illegal, says Annan", BBC News, BBC, 2004-09-16. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  "When pressed on whether he viewed the invasion of Iraq as illegal, he said: "Yes, if you wish. I have indicated it was not in conformity with the UN charter from our point of view, from the charter point of view, it was illegal. "" 
  7. ^ "Excerpts: Annan interview", BBC News, BBC, 2004-09-16. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  
  8. ^ Pocantico Conferences 2005. Rockefeller Brothers Fund website. The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF ( Philanthropy for an Interdependent World) is an international philanthropic organisation created and run by members of the Rockefeller Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  9. ^ Kuczynski, Alex. "Grandest Of Dames Turns 100 in Style", New York Times, 2002-04-01, p. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne  B3. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates  
  10. ^ Boxer, Tim. "Society’s 50th Milestone Honors Rockefellers", 15 Minutes Magazine, April 2006. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  
  11. ^ "UN report slams Lubbers for 'regular sexual harassment'", Expatica, 2005-02-18. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  
  12. ^ About the Committee. Independent Inquiry Committee into The United Nations Oil-for-Food Programme website. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  13. ^ Members. Independent Inquiry Committee into The United Nations Oil-for-Food Programme website. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  14. ^ Brown, Mark Malloch (2006-06-06). George Mark Malloch Brown Baron Malloch-Brown, KCMG, PC (born 1953 is a Minister of State in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year UN needs US, US needs UN to face challenges -- HIV/AIDS, SUDAN -- that defy national solutions, says Deputy Secretary-General in New York address. United Nations website. United Nations. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  15. ^ "Speech by U. N. Leader Draws Angry Response From US", Fox News, 2006-06-07. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  
  16. ^ Leopold, Evelyn. "UN's Annan depicts polarized world in farewell speech", Reuters, 2006-09-16. This article is primarily about Reuters prior to its 2008 merger with Thomson Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian  
  17. ^ "Annan chides US in final speech", BBC News, BBC, 2006-12-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Retrieved on 2006-12-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office  
  18. ^ Annan, Kofi (2006-12-11). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Independence, Missouri, 11 December 2006 - Secretary-General's address at the Truman Presidential Museum and Library followed by Questions and Answers. United Nations website. United Nations. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Retrieved on 2006-12-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office
  19. ^ In Larger Freedom. United Nations website. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  20. ^ Annan addresses UNA-UK in London. United Nations website. Retrieved on 2007-08-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia.
  21. ^ Reforming the United Nations. United Nations website. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  22. ^ Reforming the United Nations, Mandate Review. United Nations website. Retrieved on 2006-12-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
  23. ^ Annan 'for president': Africa: News: News24
  24. ^ Annan: Kenya factions 'not capable' of agreement - CNN.com
  25. ^ Annan suspends Kenya's post-election talks - CNN.com
  26. ^ United Nations Foundation Board of Directors
  27. ^ "Honorary knighthood for Kofi Annan", Metro, 2007-10-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Retrieved on [[2008-02-25]]. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor  

External links

Biographies, interviews, and profiles

Articles

Speeches

Preceded by
Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Egypt		 United Nations Secretary-General
1997 – 2007		 Succeeded by
Ban Ki-moon
South Korea
Persondata
NAME Annan, Kofi Atta
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION United Nations Secretary-General
DATE OF BIRTH April 8, 1938 (1938-04-08) (age 70)
PLACE OF BIRTH Kumasi, Ghana
DATE OF DEATH living
PLACE OF DEATH
The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon (born 13 June 1944 Korean: 반기문 Hanja: 潘基文 is the current Secretary-General of the United Nations. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Kumasi is a City in southern central Ghana. It is located near the Lake Bosomtwe, in the Rain Forest Region about 250 km (by road The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic