Knox-class frigate USS Patterson (FF-1061) underway
Class overview
Builders:	Todd Shipyard, Seattle and San Pedro Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company Avondale Shipyard
Operators:	US Navy, Taiwan, Turkey and others
Preceded by:	Garcia class frigate / Brooke class frigate
Succeeded by:	Oliver Hazard Perry class
Built:	1965-1974
In commission:	1969-1994 (USN)
Completed:	45
Retired:	45 (USN)
General characteristics
Type:	Frigate
Displacement:	3,011 tons (3,877 full load) [3,059 metric tons (2923 t full load)]
Length:	438 ft (134 m)
Beam:	46 ft 9 in (14. Todd Pacific Shipyards Corporation was founded in 1916 as the William H Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company, aka Lockheed Shipbuilding was a Shipyard in Seattle Washington on Harbor Island at the mouth of the Avondale Shipyard was an independent Shipbuilding company acquired by Litton Industries, in turn acquired by Northrop Grumman Corporation Description Frigates fulfill a Protection of Shipping (POS mission as Anti-submarine warfare (ASW combatants for amphibious expeditionary forces, underway Description Nearly identical to the Garcia class except the second 5"/38 caliber gun was replaced with a Tartar missile system and electronics Ships The ships were designed by Maine shipyard Bath Iron Works in partnership with New York-based naval architects Gibbs & Cox. 2 m)
Draft:	24 ft 9 in (7. 5 m)
Propulsion:	one westinghouse steam turbine. total 35,000 shp, maximum, 1 screw
Speed:	over 27 knots (50 km/h)
Complement:	17 officers, 240 enlisted
Sensors and processing systems:	AN/SPS-40 Air Search Radar AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar AN/SQS-26 Sonar AN/SQR-18 Towed array sonar system AN/SPG-53 Mk68 Gun Fire Control System
Electronic warfare and decoys:	AN/SLQ-32 Electronics Warfare System
Armament:	one Mk-16 8 cell missile launcher for ASROC and Harpoon missiles one Mk-42 5-inch/54 caliber gun Mark 46 torpedoes from four single tube launchers) RIM-7 Sea Sparrow (BPDMS) or Phalanx CIWS
Aircraft carried:	one SH-2 Seasprite (LAMPS I) helicopter

Knox class frigates were United States Navy ships, originally laid down as ocean escorts (formerly called destroyer escorts), but were all redesignated as frigates on 30 June 1975 in the USN 1975 ship reclassification and their hull designation changed from DE to FF. Sonar (which started as an Acronym for sound navigation and ranging) is a technique that uses Sound propagation (usually underwater to navigate A towed array sonar is a Sonar array that is towed behind a Submarine or surface Ship. The AN/SLQ -32 is a shipboard Electronic warfare suite built by the Raytheon Company of Goleta California. ASROC (for Anti-Submarine ROCket) is an all-weather all sea-conditions anti-submarine missile system developed by the United States Navy in the 1950s The Harpoon is an all-weather over-the-horizon, Anti-ship missile system developed and manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing Integrated The Mark 42 5"/54 caliber gun (127mm is a Naval artillery gun mount used by the United States Navy and other countries Designed to attack high-performance submarines the Mark 46 Torpedo is the backbone of the U Sea Sparrow was developed from the AIM-7 Sparrow Air-to-air missile as a lightweight "point defense" weapon that could be retrofitted to existing ships The Phalanx Close-In Weapon System (CIWS is an anti-missile system that was designed and manufactured by the General Dynamics Corporation, Pomona Division Ocean Escort was a type of United States Navy Warship. Ocean Escorts were an evolution of the World War II Destroyer escort types A Destroyer Escort (DE is the classification for a small relatively slow Warship (when compared to first-rate Naval fleet vessels designed to be used to escort For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States Navy reclassified many of its surface vessels in 1975 changing terminology and Hull classification symbols for Aircraft carriers

The lead ship of the class was the USS Knox (DE-1052), laid down October 5, 1965 and commissioned April 12, 1969, at Todd Shipyards in Seattle. Awards Citations and Campaign Ribbons Todd Pacific Shipyards Corporation was founded in 1916 as the William H

Description

Knox-class frigate USS McCandless (FF-1084)

These ships were designed primarily as antisubmarine (ASW) platforms. An anti-submarine weapon is any one of a range of devices that are intended to act against a submarine and its crew to destroy (sink the vessel or to destroy or reduce its capability They each had AN/SQS-26 hull-mounted sonar manufactured by General Electric and capable of active echo ranging in the 3. 2 kHz range. The active modes of operation included omni-directional, phased directional, bottom bounce, and convergence zone. The battle displays included A and B scans. There was also a "Unit 31" chart readout display capable of long-distance passive detection, often well beyond the ranges capable of the surface search radar. The frigates were also equipped with an AN/AQS-35V Independent Variable Depth Sonar (IVDS) manufactured by EDO Corporation of College Point, NY, operating actively in the 13 kHz range with dual Planned Position Indicator (PPI) battle displays. The IVDS' sonar transducers were packaged within a 2 ton fiberglass-enclosed "fish" containing the sonar array and a gyro-compass/sensor package launched by the massive 13V Hoist from a stern compartment, located just beneath the main deck, to depths of up to 600 feet (180 m). The IVDS could take advantage of water layer temperature conditions in close-range (less than 20,000 yard) submarine detection, tracking and fire-control.

Overhead view of Knox-class frigate USS Fanning (FF-1076)

At 4,200 metric tons (4,130 tons), with a length of 438 feet (133. 5 metres)and a beam of 47 feet (14. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International 3 m), they are driven by a single screw geared turbine developing 35,000 shaft horsepower (26 MW), giving them a speed of 27 knots (50 km/h). The steam plant for these ships consists of two Babcock & Wilcox "D" type boilers, each equipped with a high-pressure (supercharger) forced draught air supply system, allowing a plant working pressure of 1,200 PSI and 1000 °F superheat. The Babcock & Wilcox Company (B&W is an American firm engaged in the design engineering manufacture service and construction of Power generation and This design allows fast acceleration, crucial while prosecuting a submarine attack. They are equipped with one 5 in (127 mm) 54 caliber Mark 42 gun forward, an ASROC abaft the gun and forward of the bridge. The Mark 42 5"/54 caliber gun (127mm is a Naval artillery gun mount used by the United States Navy and other countries ASROC (for Anti-Submarine ROCket) is an all-weather all sea-conditions anti-submarine missile system developed by the United States Navy in the 1950s Since they are single purpose platforms their surface defense capability is nominal; however they do mount Harpoon missiles and Mk-46 torpedoes. The Harpoon is an all-weather over-the-horizon, Anti-ship missile system developed and manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing Integrated The aft weapons point was originally outfitted with Mk 25 basic point defense missile systems (BPDMS) for launching Sea Sparrow missiles. Sea Sparrow was developed from the AIM-7 Sparrow Air-to-air missile as a lightweight "point defense" weapon that could be retrofitted to existing ships These were eventually refitted with a 20 millimetre Phalanx CIWS. The Phalanx Close-In Weapon System (CIWS is an anti-missile system that was designed and manufactured by the General Dynamics Corporation, Pomona Division They are equipped with a helicopter hangar aft.

These ships were retired with the end of the Cold War and the removal of the need for an advanced ASW capability. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the By 1994 all ships of this class had been retired from the US Navy, although some remain in service with foreign nations such as Egypt, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and Mexico. The list of Egyptian Navy ships includes all ships of the Egyptian Navy as well as its precedessors

Chi Yang Class

In the 1990s the US agreed to transfer 8 Knox-class Frigates to the Republic of China (Taiwan)'s Navy (ROCN). REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The ROCN planned to upgrade these ships with new air defense, anti-submarine, and electronic warfare capabilities, including new radar, towed active sonar, CIWS guns, VL air defense missiles, active/passive electronic warfare systems, etc. However, due to budget considerations and acquisition of newer ships, only few upgrades have actually been implemented. These frigates were named Chi Yang Class and assigned to the ROCN 168 Patrol Squadron. ^[1]

By 2005 the ROCN had removed several systems from the old Gearing-class Frigate upgrade program, and transferred them to the Chi Yang Class FFG. These systems include SM-1MR standard missile in box launchers, H-930 modular combat system, DA-09 air/surface search radar, and the Mk 75 76/62 rapid-fire gun (replacing the older Mk 42 127 mm/5" gun). Each Chi Yang class frigate has 10 SM-1 missiles installed in 2 x forward twin box launchers on top of the helicopter hangar, and 2 x triple box launchers installed between the stack and the hangar, pointing to port and starboard. ^[2]

The anti-submarine capability of the Chi Yang class FFG is provided by its SQS-26 bow-mounted sonar, SQS-35(v) VDS, SQR-18(v)1 passive TAS, MD500 ASW helicopter, Mk-16 8-cel Harpoon/ASROC box launcher, and 4 x Mk. 46 324 mm torpedoes. While on ASW patrol, the frigate will carry 2 x Harpoon SSM and 6 x ASROC's in its Mk-16 box launcher. ^[3]

Units

References

External links

• Knox-class frigates at Destroyer History Foundation
• Global Security
• Federation of American Scientists
• USS Brewton FF-1086 Home Page