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For other uses, see Kite (disambiguation).
Yokaichi Giant Kite Festival held on the fourth Sunday every May in Higashiomi, Shiga, Japan
Yokaichi Giant Kite Festival held on the fourth Sunday every May in Higashiomi, Shiga, Japan
A man flying a kite on the beach, a good location for flying as winds travelling across the sea contain few up or down draughts which cause kites to fly erratically.
A man flying a kite on the beach, a good location for flying as winds travelling across the sea contain few up or down draughts which cause kites to fly erratically. is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. As of 2008 the city has an estimated Population of 117557 and the density of 303 persons In Fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is a fluid regime characterized by chaotic Stochastic property changes

A kite is a flying tethered object that depends upon the tension of a tethering system. The necessary lift that makes the kite wing fly is generated when air (or in some cases water[1] [2] [3]) flows over and under the kite's wing, producing low pressure above the wing and high pressure below it. In the context of a Fluid flow relative to a body the lift force is the component of the Aerodynamic force that is Perpendicular to the flow This deflection also generates horizontal drag along the direction of the wind. In Fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called fluid resistance) is the force that resists the movement of a Solid object through a Fluid (a The resultant force vector from the lift and drag force components is opposed by the tension of the one or more lines or tethers. A rope is a length of Fibers twisted or Braided together to improve strength for pulling and Connecting. A tether is a cord that anchors something movable to a stationary point [4] The anchor point of the kite line may be static or moving (e. g. , the towing of a kite by a running person, boat,[5] or vehicle[6] [7]).

Kites may be flown for recreation, art or other practical uses. Recreation or fun is the expenditure of time in a manner designed for therapeutic refreshment of one's Body or Mind. Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual Sport kites can be flown in aerial ballet, sometimes as part of a competition. A sport kite is also commonly known as a stunt kite Developments in multi-line kites in recent years has allowed forms of Kite flying to develop into a Sport. Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Power kites are multi-line steerable kites designed to generate large forces which can be used to power activities such as kite surfing, kite landboarding or kite buggying. A power kite or traction kite is a large kite designed to provide significant pull to the user In Physics, a force is whatever can cause an object with Mass to Accelerate. Kitesurfing, kiteboarding, uses wind power to pull a rider through the water on a small Surfboard or a kiteboard (which is like a Wakeboard) Kite landboarding also known as Kiteboarding or Land kiteboarding or flyboarding is based on the ever-growing sport of Kitesurfing, where a rider on a surf-style board is pulled A kite buggy is a light purpose-built Vehicle powered by a traction kite (power kite. Kites towed behind boats can lift passengers[8] which has had useful military applications in the past. [9]

Contents

History

Approximately 2,800 years ago the kite was first invented and popularized in China, where materials ideal for kite building were readily available: silk fabric for sail material, fine, high-tensile-strength silk for flying line, and resilient bamboo for a strong, lightweight framework. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Silk is a natural Protein Fiber, some forms of which can be woven into Textiles The best-known type of silk is obtained from cocoons Bamboo is a group of Woody perennial Evergreen Plants in the True grass family Poaceae, subfamily Alternatively, kite author Clive Hart and kite expert Tal Streeter hold that kites existed far before that time. [10] The kite was said to be the invention of the famous 5th century BC Chinese philosophers Mozi and Lu Ban. Mozi ( Lat as Micius, ca 470 BCE&ndashca 391 BCE was a Philosopher who lived in China during the Hundred Schools of Thought Lu Ban ( fl 5th century BC) was a Chinese carpenter philosopher military thinker statesman and contemporary of Mozi, born in the State of Lu By at least 549 AD paper kites were being flown, as it was recorded in that year a paper kite was used as a message for a rescue mission. Paper is thin material mainly used for writing upon printing upon or packaging [11] Ancient and medieval Chinese sources list other uses of kites for measuring distances, testing the wind, lifting men, signaling, and communication for military operations. [11] The earliest known Chinese kites were flat (not bowed) and often rectangular. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Later, tailless kites incorporated a stabilizing bowline. Kites were decorated with mythological motifs and legendary figures; some were fitted with strings and whistles to make musical sounds while flying. [12]

After its appearance in China, the kite migrated to Japan, Korea, Thailand, Myanmar (Burma), India, Arabia, and North Africa, then farther south into the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, and the islands of Oceania as far east as Easter Island. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula (Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (คาบสมุทรมลายู is a major Peninsula located in Southeast The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Since kites made of leaves have been flown in Malaya and the South Seas from time immemorial, the kite could also have been invented independently in that region. [12]

One ancient design, the fighter kite, became popular throughout Asia. Most variations, including the fighter kites of India, Thailand and Japan, are small, flat, roughly diamond-shaped kites made of paper, with a tapered bamboo spine and a balanced bow. Flown without tails that would hinder their agility, these highly maneuverable flat kites have a length of cutting line coated with an abrasive attached to the bridle, which is then tied to a light cotton flying line. Although the rules of kite fighting varied from country to country, the basic combat was to maneuver the swift kite in such a way as to cut the opponent's flying line. Fighter kites are Kites that are used for the sport of kite fighting [12]

Kite flying began much later in Europe than in Asia. While unambiguous drawings of kites first appeared in print in the Netherlands and England in the 17th century, pennon-type kites that evolved from military banners dating back to Roman times and earlier were flown during the Middle Ages. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC [12]

Hang gliders are based on the Rogallo wing, originally marketed as a mylar self-inflating kite named the Flexikite.
Hang gliders are based on the Rogallo wing, originally marketed as a mylar self-inflating kite named the Flexikite. History See also History of hang gliding Summary: Hang gliding existed in China perhaps by the 4th century AD according to the writing of the Francis Rogallo (born January 27, 1912) earned an aeronautical engineering degree at Stanford, 1935 and is credited with the invention of the flexible

During the 18th century tailless bowed kites were still unknown in Europe. Flying flat arch- or pear-shaped kites with tails had become a popular pastime, mostly among children. The first recorded scientific application of a kite took place in 1749 when Alexander Wilson of Scotland used a kite train (two or more kites flown from a common line) as a meteorologic device for measuring temperature variations at different altitudes. Alexander Wilson ( July 6, 1766 &ndash August 23, 1813) was a Scottish-American Poet, Ornithologist, naturalist Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. [12]

Three years after, in June 1752, in what is the most famous of kite experiments, the American inventor and statesman Benjamin Franklin, with the aid of his son, lofted a flat kite fitted with a pointed wire and silk sail on a hemp line during a thunderstorm. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Somehow both father and son avoided electrocution as a metal key attached to the flying line became electrified. Franklin proved that lightning was the natural phenomenon called electricity, not the wrath of the gods. One immediate and practical outcome of the experiment was Franklin's invention of the lightning rod. A lightning rod (USA or lightning conductor (UK is a single component in a Lightning protection system.

Materials

Art kites at a German kite festival
Art kites at a German kite festival

Kites typically consist of one or more spars to which a paper or fabric sail is attached, although some, such as foil kites, have no spars at all. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. Foil kites are soft kites based on the design of the Parafoil. Classic kites use bamboo, rattan or some other strong but flexible wood for the spars, paper or light fabrics such as silk for the sails, and are flown on string or twine. Bamboo is a group of Woody perennial Evergreen Plants in the True grass family Poaceae, subfamily Rattan (from the Malay rotan) is the name for the roughly six hundred Species of palms in the tribe Calameae, native to tropical Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs Silk is a natural Protein Fiber, some forms of which can be woven into Textiles The best-known type of silk is obtained from cocoons Modern kites use synthetic materials, such as ripstop nylon or more exotic fabrics for the sails, fiberglass or carbon fiber for the spars and dacron or dyneema for the kite lines. Rip-stop nylon is a light-weight Nylon fabric with inter-woven ripstop reinforcement threads in a crosshatch pattern Fiberglass (also called fibreglass and glass fibre see Spelling differences) is material made from extremely fine Fibers of Glass. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic ( CFRP or CRP) is a very strong light and expensive Composite material or fiber reinforced plastic. Uses PET can be semi-rigid to rigid depending on its thickness and is very lightweight Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene ( UHMWPE) also known as high-modulus polyethylene ( HMPE) or high-performance polyethylene ( HPPE

Kites can be designed with many different shapes, forms, and sizes. They can take the form of flat geometric designs, boxes and other three-dimensional forms, or modern sparless inflatable designs. Kites flown by children are often simple geometric forms (for example, the diamond). In Geometry a kite, or deltoid, is a Quadrilateral with two disjoint pairs of Congruent Adjacent sides in contrast In Asia, children fly dried symmetrical leaves on sewing thread and sled-style kites made from sheets of folded writing paper.

Designs often emulate flying insects, birds, and other beasts, both real and mythical. The finest Chinese kites are made from split bamboo (usually golden bamboo), covered with silk, and hand painted. On larger kites, clever hinges and latches allow the kite to be disassembled and compactly folded for storage or transport. Cheaper mass-produced kites are often made from printed polyester rather than silk. Polyester is a category of Polymers which contain the Ester Functional group in their main chain

Tails are used for some single-line kite designs to keep the kite's nose pointing into the wind. Spinners and spinsocks can be attached to the flying line for visual effect. There are rotating wind socks which spin like a turbine. A turbine is a rotary Engine that extracts Energy from a Fluid flow On large display kites these tails, spinners and spinsocks can be 50 feet (15m) long or more.

Modern acrobatic kites use two or four lines to allow fine control of the kite's angle to the wind. Traction kites may have an additional line to de-power the kite and quick-release mechanisms to disengage flyer and kite in an emergency.

Practical uses

Main article: Kite applications
Chinese dragon kite more than one hundred feet long which flew in the annual Berkeley, California, kite festival in 2000. It is a kite-train of hundreds of linked circles with outriggers ending in feathers for balance. The dragon's head is a bamboo frame with painted silk covering.
Chinese dragon kite more than one hundred feet long which flew in the annual Berkeley, California, kite festival in 2000. The Kite is used to do certain things one kite or many kites are applied to achieve certain purposes objectives or tasks that is applications Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. It is a kite-train of hundreds of linked circles with outriggers ending in feathers for balance. The dragon's head is a bamboo frame with painted silk covering.
A quad-line traction kite, commonly used as a power source for kite surfing
A quad-line traction kite, commonly used as a power source for kite surfing

Military applications

Kites have been used for military uses in the past for signaling, for delivery of munitions, and for observation, by lifting an observer above the field of battle, and by using kite aerial photography. Kitesurfing, kiteboarding, uses wind power to pull a rider through the water on a small Surfboard or a kiteboard (which is like a Wakeboard) Kite aerial photography (KAP is a Hobby and a type of Photography.

Kim Yu-Sin (or Kim Yushin), a Korean general, in 637 C. Kim Yusin (595-673 was a General in 7th-century Silla. He led the unification of the Korean peninsula by Silla under the reign of King E. rallied his troops to defeat rebels by kite lofting a burning ball. [13] Kites were also used by Admiral Yi of the Joseon (1392-1910) Dynasty of Korea. Yi Sun-sin (April 28 1545 – December 16 1598 also commonly transliterated Yi Soon-shin or Lee Sun-shin, Korean:이순신 was a Korean During the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598), Admiral Yi commanded his navy with kites. Two Japanese invasions of Korea and subsequent battles on the Korean peninsula took place during the years 1592-1598 His kites had specific markings directing his fleet to perform his order. Admiral Yi was said to have over 300 such kites. The war eventually resulted in a Chinese and Korean victory; the kites played a minor role in the war's conclusion. War is an international relations Dispute, characterized by organized Violence between National Military units

In more modern times the British navy also used kites to haul human lookouts high into the air to see over the horizon and possibly the enemy ships, for example with the kite developed by Samuel Franklin Cody. [14] Barrage kites were used to protect London as well as the Pacific coast of the United States during the last century. [15][16] Kites and kytoons were used for lofting communications antenna. [17] Submarines lofted observers in rotary kites. A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability [18] The Rogallo parawing kite[19] and the Jalbert parafoil kite were used for governable parachutes (free-flying kites) to deliver troops and supplies. [20]

Science and meteorology

Kites have been used for scientific purposes, such as Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment proving that lightning is electricity. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Lightning is an atmospheric discharge of Electricity, which typically occurs during Thunderstorms and sometimes during volcanic eruptions or Kites were the precursors to aircraft, and were instrumental in the development of early flying craft. Alexander Graham Bell experimented with very large man-lifting kites, as did the Wright brothers and Lawrence Hargrave. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Hargrave-demojpg|thumb|Lawrence Hargrave (seated with his man-lifting kites in Stanwell Park, 1894 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Lawrence Hargraves (29 January 1850 – 14 July 1915 was an Engineer, explorer astronomer, Inventor and aeronautical pioneer Kites had an historical role in lifting scientific instruments to measure atmospheric conditions for weather forecasting. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location

Radio aerials and light beacons

Kites can be used for radio purposes, by kites carrying antennas for MF, LF or VLF-transmitters. This method was used for the reception station of the first transatlantic transmission by Marconi. Captive balloons may be more convenient for such experiments, because kite carried antennas require a lot of wind, which may be not always possible with heavy equipment and a ground conductor. A moored balloon is an inflated fabric structure often shaped like an Airship and usually filled with Helium that is restrained by a cable attached to the ground It must be taken into account during experiments, that a conductor carried by a kite can lead to a high voltage toward ground, which can endanger people and equipment, if suitable precautions (grounding through resistors or a parallel resonant-circuit tuned to transmission frequency) are not taken.

Kites can be used to carry light effects such as lightsticks or battery powered lights.

Kite traction

Kites can be used to pull people and vehicles downwind. Efficient foil-type kites such as power kites can also be used to sail upwind under the same principles as used by other sailing craft, provided that lateral forces on the ground or in the water are redirected as with the keels, center boards, wheels and ice blades of traditional sailing craft. Foil kites are soft kites based on the design of the Parafoil. A power kite or traction kite is a large kite designed to provide significant pull to the user In the last two decades several kite sailing sports have become popular, such as kite buggying, kite landboarding and kite surfing. Snow kiting has also become popular in recent years.

Kite sailing opens several possibilities not available in traditional sailing:

The German company SkySails has developed ship-pulling kites as a supplemental power source for cargo ships, first tested in January 2008 on the ship MS Beluga Skysails. SkySails GmbH & Co KG is a Hamburg -based company that sells equipment to propel Cargo ships large Yachts and Fishing vessels by the use of wind A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of Ship or vessel that carries Cargo, goods and materials from one port to another A ship /ʃɪp/ is a large vessel that floats on water Ships are generally distinguished from Boats based on size Kite power The kite has an initial area of which should reduce fuel consumption by 20% and can be unfurled to in order to save about 30% [21] Trials on this 55 m ship have shown that, in favorable winds, the kite reduces fuel consumption by up to 30%. This system is planned to be in full commercial production late 2008. [22] Kites are available as an auxiliary sail or emergency spinnaker for sailing boats. A spinnaker is a special type of Sail that is designed specifically for Sailing off the wind from a reaching course to a downwind i In some cases less is more The purpose of this article is to give an overview Self-launching Parafoil kites are attached to the mast. X-38 Ship -2 Landing on Lakebed EC99-45080-101-EDIT1jpg|thumb|200 px|The NASA X-38 prototype makes a gentle lakebed landing at the end of a July 1999 test flight at the Dryden Flight Research

MS Beluga Skysails is the world's first commercial container cargo ship partially powered by a giant computer-controlled kite (160 m² or 1,722 sq ft). Kite power The kite has an initial area of which should reduce fuel consumption by 20% and can be unfurled to in order to save about 30% Containerization (or containerisation) is a system of Intermodal freight transport Cargo Transport using standard ISO containers A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of Ship or vessel that carries Cargo, goods and materials from one port to another The kite could reduce fuel consumption by 20%. It was launched on 17 December 2007 and was set to leave the northern German port of Bremerhaven to Guanta, Venezuela on January 22, 2008. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Bremerhaven (bʁeːmɐˈhaːfən is the seaport of the free city and federal state of Bremen, Germany. Guanta is the capital and largest city of Guanta Municipality. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Stephan Wrage, managing director of SkySails GmbH announced: "During the next few months we will finally be able to prove that our technology works in practice and significantly reduces fuel consumption and emissions. SkySails GmbH & Co KG is a Hamburg -based company that sells equipment to propel Cargo ships large Yachts and Fishing vessels by the use of wind " Verena Frank, project manager at Beluga Shipping GmbH, SkySails GmbH's partner further stated that "the project's core concept was using wind energy as auxiliary propulsion power and using wind as a free of charge energy". [23]

Power generation

A conceptual research and development project by Makani Power, based in California and funded by Google.org, is investigating the use of kites in harnessing high altitude wind currents to generate electricity. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Googleorg is the charitable arm of Internet Search engine company Google. [24]

Cultural uses

Launch of ram-air inflated Peter Lynn single-line kite, shaped like an octopus and 90 feet long
Launch of ram-air inflated Peter Lynn single-line kite, shaped like an octopus and 90 feet long

Kite festivals are a popular form of entertainment throughout the world. Peter Lynn (1946– is a New Zealand kitemaker Engineer and Inventor. They include small local events, traditional festivals which have been held for hundreds of years and major international festivals which bring in kite flyers from overseas to display their unique art kites and demonstrate the latest technical kites.

Asia

Making a traditional Wau jala budi kite in Malaysia. The bamboo frame is covered with plain paper and then decorated with multiple layers of shaped paper and foil.
Making a traditional Wau jala budi kite in Malaysia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The bamboo frame is covered with plain paper and then decorated with multiple layers of shaped paper and foil.

Kite flying is popular in many Asian countries, where it often takes the form of 'kite fighting', in which participants try to snag each other's kites or cut other kites down. Fighter kites are Kites that are used for the sport of kite fighting [25] Fighter kites are usually small, flat, flattened diamond-shaped kites made of paper and bamboo. Fighter kites are Kites that are used for the sport of kite fighting Tails are not used on fighter kites so that agility and maneuverability are not compromised. In Afghanistan this is known as Gudiparan Bazi. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, Some kite fighters pass their strings through a mixture of ground glass powder and glue. The resulting strings are very abrasive and can sever the competitor's strings more easily. The abrasive strings can also injure people. During the Taliban rule in Afghanistan, kite flying was banned, among various other recreations. The Taliban ( طالبان, also anglicised as Taleban; translation "students" is a Sunni Islamist, predominately

In Vietnam, kites are flown without tails. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Instead small flutes are attached allowing the wind to "hum" a musical tune. There are other forms of sound-making kites. In Bali, large bows are attached to the front of the kites to make a deep throbbing vibration, and in Malaysia row of gourds with sound-slots are use to create a whistle as the kite flies.

The Indian festival of Makar Sankranti is devoted to kite fighting in some states. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Sankranthi, or Sankranti ( Sanskrit: मकर संक्रान्ति, is a Festival that signifies the beginning of the harvest season for Fighter kites are Kites that are used for the sport of kite fighting This spring festival is celebrated every January 15, with millions of people flying kites all over northern India. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign The states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Gujarat, some part of West Bengal, Rajasthan , and the cities of Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Dhanbad and Hyderabad are particularly notable for their kite fighting festivals. Ahmedabad (અમદાવાદ Amdāvād, Hindi: अहमदाबाद) is the largest city in Jaipur ( Hindi: जयपुर also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. Dhanbad (धनबाद is a city of Jharkhand Dhanbad is also the administrative headquarter of Dhanbad district and Dhanbad Municipal Corporation (DMC Kite flying in Hyderabad starts a month before the official kite flying festival (Sankranthi). The thread used to fly kites in Hyderabad is known as 'Manjaa'. Highly maneuverable single-string paper and bamboo kites are flown from the rooftops while using line friction in an attempt to cut each other's kite lines, either by letting the line loose at high speed or by pulling the line in a fast and repeated manner. In some Indian cities kite flying/fighting is an important part of other celebrations, including Republic Day, Independence Day, Raksha Bandhan, and Janmashtami. Republic Day is the name of a Public holiday in several countries to commemorate the day when they first became Republics January 9th in Republika For the Telugu film see Rakhi (film. For the Bollywood actress see Raakhee Gulzar. Krishna Janmashtami ( Devanagari कृष्ण जन्माष्टमी, also known as "Krishnashtami","Saatam Aatham"," Gokulashtami

In Pakistan, kite flying is a popular ritual for the spring festival known as Basant. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Basant (बसंत ਬਸਨ is short for Basant Panchami (वसंत पंचमी a Hindu festival in honor of Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge music However, kite flying is currently banned as some kite fliers engage in kite battles by coating their strings with glass or shards of metal, leading to injuries and death. Kite fighting is a very popular sport in Pakistan, mainly centered in Lahore. Fighter kites are Kites that are used for the sport of kite fighting ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. Kup, Patang, Guda, and Nakhlaoo are some of the kites used in fighting and they vary in balance, weight and speed through the air.

Bermuda kite
Bermuda kite

Weifang, Shandong, China promotes itself as the kite capital of the world. A ' Bermuda kite' is made using traditional geometric designs quite colourful and is an art form as much as a recreational tool Administration The Prefecture-level city of Weifang administers 12 county-level divisions, including 4 districts, 6 county-level cities ( is a coastal province of eastern People's Republic of China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National It is home to the largest kite museum in the world, which has a display area of 8100m². Weifang hosts an annual international kite festival on the large salt flats south of the city. There are several kite museums in Japan and others in England, Malaysia, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand and the USA.

Europe

In Greece, flying kites is a tradition for Clean Monday, the first day of Lent. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Clean Monday ( Greek: Καθαρά Δευτέρα also known as Pure Monday, Ash Monday, Monday of Lent or (in Cyprus only Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. In the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda, traditional Bermuda kites are made and flown at Easter, to symbolise Christ's ascent. The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. A ' Bermuda kite' is made using traditional geometric designs quite colourful and is an art form as much as a recreational tool Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. Bermuda kites hold the world records for altitude and duration.

South America

In Guyana, on Easter Weekend thousands turn out for mass kite flying. Guyana (ɡaɪˈænə or /ɡiːˈɑːnə/ officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only Nation state Many participate in kite flying competitions.

Popular culture

General safety issues

There are safety issues involved in kite-flying, more so with power kites. Kite lines can strike and tangle on electrical power lines, causing power blackouts and running the risk of electrocuting the kite flier. Wet kite lines or wire can act as a conductor for static electricity and lightning when the weather is stormy. Kites with large surface areas or powerful lift can lift the kite flier off the ground or drag them into stationary objects. In urban areas there is usually a ceiling on how high a kite can be flown, to prevent the kite and line infringing on the airspace of helicopters and light aircraft. In Asia, specially in the Indian subcontinent the twine is coated with powdered glass to cut opponent's lines and these deadly strings known as Manja are reported to kill number of pedestrians or motorcyclists each year all over the region. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. Manja is the Hindi word for the Kite string or thread used for flying & Fighting kites in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan and the [26][27]

Types of kites

Main article: Kite types
A simple geometric kite with a tail.
A simple geometric kite with a tail. Various types of Kites exist ranging from materials shape usage skill required to operate and so on
A long kite in the air.
A long kite in the air.

Types of kite line

See also

References

  1. ^ http://2lo.de/kitedive/index.htm Underwater kiting.
  2. ^ HYDRO KITE ANGLING DEVICE Jason C. Hubbart.
  3. ^ UNDERWATER KITE F. G. MORRILL.
  4. ^ Flying High, Down Under When the kite line broke, the kites still received tension from the very long kite line.
  5. ^ Science in the Field: Ben Balsley, CIRES Scientist in the Field Gathering atmospheric dynamics data using KITES. Kites are anchored to boats on Amazon River employed to sample levels of certain gases in the air.
  6. ^ The Bachstelze Article describes the Fa-330 Rotary Wing Kite towed by its mooring to the submarine. The kite was a man-lifter modeled after the autogyro principle.
  7. ^ Kite Fashions: Above, Below, Sideways. Expert kiter sometimes ties a flying kite to a tree to have the kite fly for days on end.
  8. ^ Deep In the Heart of Texas by Dave Broyles Boat kiting
  9. ^ Focke-Achgelis Fa 330A-1 Bachsteltze (Water Wagtail) Kite is preserved in the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
  10. ^ Drachen Foundation Journal Fall 2002, page 18. Two lines of evidence: analysis of leaf kiting and some cave drawings
  11. ^ a b Needham, Volume 4, Part 1, 127.
  12. ^ a b c d e (2007). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 29, 2007, from Encyclopedia Britannica Online
  13. ^ Linda Sue Park Biography
  14. ^ Cody kites
  15. ^ Kites On The Winds of War By M. Robinson
  16. ^ Barrage Kite
  17. ^ World Kite Museum
  18. ^ [[[Focke Achgelis Fa 330]]]
  19. ^ The Parachute Manual: A Technical Treatise on Aerodynamic Decelerators By Dan Poynter
  20. ^ Army Aims for More Precise Ways to Drop Troops, Cargo
  21. ^ Andrew Revkin. It's a freighter, it's a sailboat - no it's both.
  22. ^ Skysail ship pulling system
  23. ^ BBC NEWS, Kite to pull ship across Atlantic
  24. ^ Makani Power website
  25. ^ Kite.(2007) Encyclopedia Britannica Online
  26. ^ Kite deaths mar Pakistan festival
  27. ^ Pakistan tackles killer kites By Shahid Malik
  28. ^ Page 42 of Drachen Foundation Journal Fall 2002 The pioneer kite inventor Domina Jalbert spoke emphatically about the water kite.

External links

The National Mall is an open-area National park in Downtown Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D

Dictionary

kite

-noun

  1. A bird of prey in the family Accipitridae with long wings and weak legs, feeding mostly on carrion and spending long periods soaring.
  2. A lightweight toy carried on the wind and controlled from the ground by a line.
  3. A tethered object which deflects its position in a medium by obtaining lift and drag in reaction with its relative motion in the medium.
  4. (geometry) A quadrilateral having two pairs of edges of equal length, the edges of each pair being consecutive.
  5. (finance) A fraudulent draft, such as a check one drawn on insufficient funds or with altered face value.
  6. (astrology) A planetary configuration wherein one planet of a grand trine is in opposition to an additional fourth planet.
  7. (slang) An aircraft, or aeroplane.
  8. (sailing, dated) A lightweight sail set above the topgallants, such as a studding-sail.
  9. (sailing, slang) A spinnaker.
  10. (US, slang, prison) A short letter.

-verb

  1. (rare, usually with "go") To fly a kite.
  2. To glide in the manner of a kite.
  3. To travel by kite, as when kitesurfing.
  4. To toss or cast.
  5. To write a check on an account with insufficient funds, expecting that funds will become available by the time the check clears.
  6. (US) To cause an increase, especially in costs.
  7. (video game) To attack and destroy a monster or mob from a distance, without exposing oneself to danger.
  8. (nautical, engineering) To deflect sideways in the water.
  9. (US, slang, prison) To send a short letter.
  10. (US slang) To steal.
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