| Kirtland, Ohio | |
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| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| State | Ohio |
| County | Lake |
| Area | |
| - Total | 16. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads This is a list of the eighty-eight counties in the US state of Ohio. Lake County is a County located in the US state of Ohio. As of 2000 the population was 227511 Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 7 sq mi (43. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 3 km²) |
| - Land | 16. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 6 sq mi (43. 0 km²) |
| - Water | 0. 1 sq mi (0. 3 km²) |
| Elevation [1] | 850-1,163 ft (260-354 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Total | 6,670 |
| - Density | 401. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8/sq mi (155. 1/km²) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 44094 |
| Area code(s) | 440 |
| FIPS code | 39-40642[2] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1064951[1] |
Kirtland is a city in Lake County, Ohio, USA. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 440 is a North American Telephone Area code serving part of Northeast Ohio, United States, including the Greater Cleveland Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout Lake County is a County located in the US state of Ohio. As of 2000 the population was 227511 Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The population was 6,670 at the 2000 census. Kirtland is famous for being the early headquarters of the Latter Day Saint movement. Please see the talk page for this article and the "See also" list before adding content or adding a hyphen to Latter Day Saint
Contents |
Geography
Kirtland is located at (41. 602581, -81. 344706)[3].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 7 square miles (43. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 3 km²), of which, 16. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 6 square miles (43. 0 km²) of it is land and 0. 1 square miles (0. 3 km²) of it (0. 66%) is water.
Kirtland is located south of the lake shore plain of Lake Erie, and is situated on the higher elevations of the Allegheny Plateau. Lake Erie (ˈɪəriː is the fourth largest Lake (by surface area of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally The Allegheny Plateau is a large Dissected plateau area in western and central New York, northern and western Pennsylvania, northern West Virginia The principal geographic features are the East Branch of the Chagrin River, Pierson's Knob, and Gildersleeve Mountain, which at 1163 feet (mean sea level) is the high point, 593 feet above Lake Erie, 6. The Chagrin River is located in northeast Ohio. The River has two branches the Aurora Branch and East Branch Gildersleeve Mountain is a summit located in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, at. Lake Erie (ˈɪəriː is the fourth largest Lake (by surface area of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally 7 miles to the north west.
Native vegetation is northern hardwood forest. Hemlock-hardwood forest is found in the higher elevations and along ravines, beach maple forest is predominant in other areas. A few stands of old growth oak-hickory forest can also be found in the city.
Kirtland is located in the snowbelt region of Lake Erie, and has snowfall and weather patterns similar to nearby Chardon. The snowbelt is a North American region much of which lies downwind of the Great Lakes where heavy Snowfall is particularly common on predominately eastern and southern Chardon is a city in Geauga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 5156 at the 2000 census. In this area, annual snowfall averages over 100 inches per year [1], and anecdotal evidence indicates seasonal snowfall can exceed 250 inches in some microclimate areas. A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the Climate differs from the surrounding area
Kirtland is primarily a residential community, however, over 20% of the land area is forest preserve or park land. The Holden Arboretum at 3400 acres is the largest of these, but not all of Holden's land is located in Kirtland. The Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland Ohio, USA, is one of the largest Arboretums and Botanical gardens in the United States with over 3500 acres Three Lake County Metropolitan Parks, are also found in Kirtland. The largest is Chapin State Forest, at 390 acres, which includes much of Gildersleeve mountain. Gildersleeve Mountain is a summit located in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, at. Also in Kirtland are Penitentiary Glen, and the Lake Farm Park. Lakeland Community College is also located largely in the City of Kirtland, the campus dominating the northern part of the city. Lakeland Community College is a two-year Community college in Lake County Ohio.
Demographics
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 6,670 people, 2,445 households, and 1,885 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 401. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8 people per square mile (155. 1/km²). There were 2,558 housing units at an average density of 154. 1/sq mi (59. 5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98. 47% White, 0. 27% African American, 0. 15% Native American, 0. 39% Asian, 0. 03% Pacific Islander, 0. 03% from other races, and 0. 66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 55% of the population. 18. 5% were of German, 14. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as 3% Italian, 12. The' Italian people' are a Southern European Ethnic group located primarily in Italy, Switzerland, France and by virtue of a wide-ranging 0% Irish, 9. The Irish people ( Irish: Muintir na hÉireann, na hÉireannaigh, na Gaeil) are a Western European Ethnic group who originate 6% English and 6. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English 2% Slovene ancestry according to Census 2000. Slovenes or Slovenians ( Slovene Slovenci, dual Slovenca, singular Slovenec, feminine Slovenke, dual Slovenki
There were 2,445 households out of which 31. 6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67. 9% were married couples living together, 6. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22. 9% were non-families. 19. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 65 and the average family size was 3. 06.
In the city the population was spread out with 23. 7% under the age of 18, 6. 2% from 18 to 24, 24. 6% from 25 to 44, 30. 7% from 45 to 64, and 14. 8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 97. 5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95. 1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $65,422, and the median income for a family was $76,062. Males had a median income of $51,179 versus $31,179 for females. The per capita income for the city was $32,148. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 1. 8% of families and 2. 3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 7% of those under age 18 and 1. 5% of those age 65 or over.
History
Origins of Kirtland
The geologic history of Kirtland, stretches back nearly 300 million years to an epoch when the region was covered by ocean water. The bedrock is a silt shale of the Ohio shale group named Chagrin shale. Silt is Soil or rock derived Granular material of a Grain size between sand and clay Shale (also called mudstone) is a fine-grained Sedimentary rock whose original constituents were Clay minerals or Muds It is characterized by Just above the Chagrin shale is Cleveland shale, a devonian formation which is an important source of local fossils[2] is overlaid by Bedford shale. The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era spanning from to million years ago. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. Berea sandstone, is the next layer and an important local building material used to construct the Kirtland Temple and other historic buildings. The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area The capstone is Sharon conglomerate, sandstone with embedded quartz pebbles. A capstone or coping stone is one of the finishing or protective stones that form the top of an exterior Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in About 10,000 years ago glaciers covered all of northern Ohio and the landscape of the region is dominated by the effects of glacial erosion.
After the founding of the United States, northern Ohio, was designated as the Western Reserve and sold to the Connecticut Land Company. The Connecticut Land Company was formed in the late eighteenth century to survey and encourage settlement in the Connecticut Western Reserve, part of the Old Northwest Territory The area was first surveyed by Moses Cleaveland and his party in 1796. Moses Cleaveland ( January 29, 1754 &ndash November 16, 1806) was a lawyer politician soldier and surveyor from Connecticut Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
Kirtland is named for Turhand Kirtland, a principal of the Connecticut Land Company and judge in Trumbull County, the first political entity in Ohio that included Kirtland township. Trumbull County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Kirtland, a veteran of the Revolutionary War, demonstrated "both breadth of vision and integrity" in his fair dealings with the local Native Americans. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States He was known for his bravery, resourcefulness, and passion for justice. [4] Dr. Jared Kirtland, was the son of the former. Dr. Kirtland helped to found a medical college in nearby Willoughby, and he compiled the first ornithology of Ohio. Willoughby is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. It is a Suburb of Cleveland Ohio. [3] The bird Kirtland's Warbler is named for Jared Kirtland. Kirtland's Warbler, Dendroica kirtlandii, is a small Songbird of the New World warbler family ( Parulidae) named after This rare species has been documented in the city during migration, but it does not nest in Ohio.
Being less well suited to agriculture, the densely forested, clay soiled, high, hilly, land of Kirtland was settled later than surrounding townships: Mentor in 1798, and Chester in 1802. Mentor is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. The population was 50278 at the 2000 census. Year 1798 ( MDCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Chester Township is one of the sixteen townships of Geauga County, Ohio, United States. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Kirtland's first European settlers were the John Moore family, soon followed by the Crary family who came to Kirtland in 1811. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In 1893 Christopher Crary wrote a memoir of his life in Kirtland, which provided a great deal of material for Ann B. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Prusha's 1982 history of Kirtland.
Headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
From 1831 to 1838, Kirtland was the headquarters for the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known Joseph Smith, Jr. moved his church to Kirtland in 1831, even though it had been organized only a short time earlier in April 1830 in Palmyra, New York. Palmyra is a Town in Wayne County, New York, USA. The population was 7672 at the 2000 census New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The church would change its name to "Church of the Latter Day Saints" in 1834, and after leaving Kirtland, to the "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints". The Saints built their first temple there, which is a historic attraction owned and operated by the Community of Christ, a branch of the Latter Day Saint movement. The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area A Latter The temple was built with a degree of opulence, especially considering the underdeveloped nature or the area and the poverty of most early Mormons. Many attending the Kirtland Temple dedication in 1836 claimed to see multiple heavenly visions and appearances of heavenly beings, including deity. The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area For this and other reasons Kirtland remains a place of importance to those of all LDS denominations. A majority of sections from the Doctrine and Covenants (considered modern revelations and canonical by the LDS denomination) originated in Kirtland during the 1830s. The Doctrine and Covenants (sometimes abbreviated and cited as D&C) is a part of the open scriptural canon of several denominations of the
After the failure of the Kirtland Safety Society (a banking and investment operation), a significant number of early LDS church members either left Kirtland or became agitated against Joseph Smith, Jr. The Kirtland Safety Society (KSS was a quasi- Bank organized in 1836 (and reorganized on January 2, 1837) by leaders and followers of the Church , the LDS (Mormon) church leader. For this and other reasons Smith and his loyal followers departed Kirtland for Missouri, which was another gathering spot for early Mormons.
Ownership of the Kirtland temple was in a confused state for a number of years, but eventually it was declared by court action to be the property of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (now Community of Christ). Today, besides giving tours, the Community of Christ church allows others to utilize the temple for special meetings.
1838 to present
After the departure of the Mormons and during the latter part of the 19th century, Kirtland’s population diminished and life was typical of life in the region. Crary recalls the last rattlesnakes[4] being killed on Gildersleeve Mountain in the 1830s. Gildersleeve Mountain is a summit located in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, at. During this period all but a few stands of forest were cleared for agriculture, with corn and apples being the predominant crops.
In the early 20th century, Kirtland School (now Kirtland Elementary) was built to consolidate 3 school houses. One of the old school houses can still be found at the corner of Baldwin and Sperry in Kirtland Hills.
Kirtland saw small changes until after World War II when residential subdivisions were put in on farm land and in second growth forest that had grown over the past 80 years. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including In 1960 a high school was built and in 1961, Gildersleeve Elementary was built along Chardon Rd. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. (US-6) to accommodate the increases in enrollment created by new families moving into the community. US Route 6, also called the Grand Army of the Republic Highway, is a main route of the U In 1968 a middle school was completed for grades 6–8.
Also in 1968, the citizens of Kirtland voted in a special election to incorporate the township. James Naughton, was the first mayor of the village, which became a city when the 1970 census showed population exceeded 5000.
The 1960s saw an influx and expansion of local businesses. A shopping center was built. This combined the hardware, drug store, grocery, barber shop, plus the local doctor and dentist in one building. By 1965, Interstate 90 was open allowing a quicker trip into Cleveland. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Interstate 90 (I-90 is the longest interstate highway in the United States at nearly 3100 miles (5000 kilometers
Kirtland continued to grow in population slowly through the 1970s and 1980s.
In April 1989, Jeffrey Lundgren, a religious extremist, coerced some in his cult into murdering a family of five and hiding their bodies in a pit dug inside a barn, demolished November 13, 2007[5][6], on Chardon Road (U.S. 6). Jeffrey Don Lundgren ( May 3, 1950 &ndash October 24, 2006) was a self-proclaimed Prophet, former leader of a Cult This article does not discuss "cult" in the original sense of "veneration" or "religious practice" for that usage see Cult (religious practice US Route 6, also called the Grand Army of the Republic Highway, is a main route of the U Those of Lundgren's cult who participated in the murders have been sentenced to life in prison. Lundgren himself was executed on October 24, 2006. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
In the 1990s, as Kirtland became an increasingly popular tourist destination, the historic Kirtland area was created in the Kirtland flats along the East Branch of the Chagrin River. The buildings in this area preserve or replicate structures that were present in the 1830s. Historic Kirtland structures, many of which are related to early Mormon history, include the NK Whitney home (replica), Newel K. Whitney Store (original structure), a sawmill (replica), an ashery, the Sidney Rigdon home (original structure), and the John Johnson Inn. Newel Kimball Whitney ( February 5 1795 – 24 September 1850) (first name sometimes found as Newell) was a prominent leader of Sidney Rigdon ( 19 February 1793 – 14 July 1876) was an important figure in the early history of the Latter Day Saint movement. This area provides insight into what life was like during the period when Kirtland was the home of Joseph Smith, Brigham Young, and other founders of Mormonism. Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. The Community of Christ and the mainline LDS church both operate visitor centers in Kirtland and give tours of the buildings and sites they own.
In 2003, Schupp’s farm and orchard, on Hobart Road, became inactive leaving Rock’s farm on Chillicothe Road, the only active for-profit farm in the city. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. As of 2006, there are is still active cattle and horse farming in the city and some commercial nursery activity. Sugaring still occurs, with at least 2 active sugar bushes other than the large scale Bicknell Sugar Bush at the Holden Arboretum. Maple syrup is a sweetener made from the sap of Maple trees In Canada and the United States it is most often eaten with waffles and pancakes The Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland Ohio, USA, is one of the largest Arboretums and Botanical gardens in the United States with over 3500 acres
Kirtland, has been visited by two sitting Presidents of the United States, including in April 2005 for a political speech by President George W. Bush at the Lake Farm Park. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. President Bush also visited Kirtland in 2006 as part of emergency efforts associated with the Grand River flooding. The Grand River is a Tributary of Lake Erie, 1027 mi (1653 km long in northeastern Ohio in the United States. [5]
Legends
The melon heads are an urban legend of deformed individuals living in the area, They are reportedly seen along Wisner Road in nearby Chardon Township. Melon Heads is the name given to mysterious beings found in long-running Urban legends in parts of Michigan, Ohio, and Connecticut. An urban legend or urban myth is a form of modern Folklore consisting of stories thought to be factual by those circulating them This urban legend is usually associated with Kirtland.
Points of lnterest
- The Herb Society of America
- Holden Arboretum
- Kirtland Temple
- Historic Kirtland
- Gildersleeve Mountain
- Old South Church
- Farmpark
- Penitentiary Glen
References
- ^ a b US Board on Geographic Names. The Herb Society of America is a nonprofit American organization dedicated to promoting "the knowledge use and delight of Herbs quot The Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland Ohio, USA, is one of the largest Arboretums and Botanical gardens in the United States with over 3500 acres The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area Gildersleeve Mountain is a summit located in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, at. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ "Jared Potter Kirtland, The Ohio Journal of Science, May 1930
- ^ "Site of cult murders demolished", Willoughby News-Herald, November 14, 2007
- ^ "Kirtland barn where Jeffrey Lundgren murdered family of five demolished", WKYC-TV, November 13, 2007
- Prusha, Anne B. Willoughby is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. It is a Suburb of Cleveland Ohio. WKYC-TV, channel 3 is an NBC -affiliated television station located in Cleveland Ohio, owned by the Gannett Company. , A History of Kirtland, Ohio. 1983 Lakeland Community College Press.
- Rosche, Larry (editor), Birds of the Cleveland Region. 2005 Cleveland Museum of Natural History
- Other references embedded as external links include: Crary memoir, snowfall data, fossil evidence, USGS place names and locations, text of presidential speech at Lake Farmpark, April 15, 2005.
External links
- Kirtland, Ohio is at coordinates Coordinates:
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