- See also: Kingdom of Romania
| King of Romania | |
|---|---|
| Monarchy | |
 Royal Coat of Arms of Romania |
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| Incumbent: Mihai I |
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| Style: | His Majesty |
| Heir apparent: | Princess Margarita |
| First monarch: | Carol I |
| Formation: | 1881 |
.svg/200px-Royal_standard_of_Romania_(King,_1922_model).svg.png)
King of the Romanians (Romanian: Regele Românilor)[1] rather than King of Romania (Romanian: Regele României) was the official title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947 when Romania was proclaimed a republic. See also Kings of Romania The Kingdom of Roumania (or ' Romania ' in post-1969 and also current spelling was the old Romanian state based on a form of The Coat of arms of Romania was adopted in the Romanian Parliament on 10 September, 1992 as a representative coat of arms for Romania Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Majesty is an English word derived ultimately from the Latin Maiestas, meaning Greatness. An heir apparent is an Heir who (short of a fundamental change in the situation cannot be displaced from inheriting the term is used in contrast to Heir presumptive Princess Margarita of Romania ( Margareta in the Romanian language) Princess of Hohenzollern (styled Crown Princess of Romania) (b Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - See also Kings of Romania The Kingdom of Roumania (or ' Romania ' in post-1969 and also current spelling was the old Romanian state based on a form of Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its
The state had been called the Principality of Romania since 1862, after the Ottoman vasal states of Wallachia and Moldavia had been united in 1859 under Alexander John Cuza as Prince of Romania, or Domnitor. A principality (or princedom) is a monarchical feudatory or Sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of Prince The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish This article is about the region in what is now Southern Romania Moldavia (Moldova is a geographic and historical region and former Principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between Eastern Carpathians Alexander Joan Cuza (a common old English rendition of Alexandru Ioan Cuza; March 20, 1820 – May 15, 1873) was a Moldavian Domnitor (pl domnitori) was the official title of the ruler of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859 and Cuza had become the prince of the separate principalities in 1859. He was deposed in 1866 by the Romanian parliament which then invited a German prince of the Hohenzollern family, Carol (Charles) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, to become the new Prince of Romania. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 -
Romania's independence from the Ottoman Empire was recognized in 1878 at the Congress of Berlin; the principality became a sovereign kingdom in 1881, with Prince Carol as King Carol I. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish See also Berlin Conference (1884-85 re Africa and Berlin Conference of 1954 (Cold War A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or
Romania was a constitutional monarchy for most of its existence as a kingdom with the exception of 1938-1944, during the dictatorships of Carol II (1938-1940) and of Marshal Ion Antonescu (1940-1944). A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 "Antonescu" redirects here For other persons with that surname see Antonescu (surname. On August 23, 1944, King Michael restored the last democratic royal Constitution of 1923. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. However, during his second reign (1940-1947), King Michael reigned as an unconstitutional king, without an oath on the Constitution and without a vote of the Parliament, initially suspended and reinstated only later, in 1946. Michael was instead crowned[2] and anointed King by the Orthodox Patriarch of Romania, Nicodim Munteanu, in the Patriarchal Cathedral of Bucharest, on the very day of his second accession, September 6, 1940. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a Pater familias over an extended family Nicodim Munteanu ( December 6, 1864, Pipirig, Neamţ County, Romania &ndash February 27, 1948, Bucharest The Romanian Patriarchal Cathedral is located near the palace of the Patriarchate of the Romanian Orthodox Church, on Dealul Mitropoliei, in Bucharest Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [3] Michael, thus, reigned the second time as an absolute, unconstitutional King, solely "by the Grace of God"[2], that is by divine right. Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything The Divine Right of Kings is a general term that refers to the philosophy and ideas used to justify the authority and legitimacy of Monarchs in Medieval and However, legally, Michael could not exercise much authority besides some prerogatives such as being the Supreme Head of the Army and designating a plenipotentiary Prime-Minister ("Conducător"). Conducător (literally in Romanian, "Leader" was the title used officially in three instances by Romanian politicians [4]
In 1927, King Ferdinand died and left the country to Prince Mihai despite Carol being his father. Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Carol had no desire to rule Romania, and was frequently out of the country exploring the rest of Europe with his mistress. Mihai's first rule of two would be short lived at a span of only three years until his father came back to accept the title at the behest of dissatisfied politicians.
After ten years of rule, King Carol II gave up his royal title and all accoutrements attached to move from Romania and marry Elena Lupescu. Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 Elena Lupescu ( 15 September 1895 (? in Iaşi (Jassy Romania – 29 June 1977) better known as Magda Lupescu They ultimately settled in Portugal, and the 'playboy king' was never called back to Romania. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula.
Mihai's short years were about to seem much longer as 1944 brought the Soviet forces close to the east of Romania. Despite being polically aligned with the Allied forces after withdrawing Romania from its alliance with the Nazis due to the Ion Antonescu's politics, the Soviet occupation soon began. "Antonescu" redirects here For other persons with that surname see Antonescu (surname. In December of 1947 the communists announced the abolition of the monarchy, so Mihai abdicated and left the country.
After the fall of communism in 1989 Mihai visited Romania to some of the largest crowds recorded in the streets of Bucharest. Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania.
Contents |
List of Kings of the Romanians (1881-1947)
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For the list of rulers prior to 1866 see List of rulers of Wallachia, List of rulers of Moldavia and List of rulers of Transylvania. The House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is the Cadet branch of the senior Swabian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty less known than the Franconian Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - Pauline Elisabeth Ottilie Luise zu Wied ( Schloss Monrepos, Neuwied, 29 December, 1843 - Curtea de Argeş or Bucharest, Princess Maria/Marie of Romania ( Maria/Marie von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, 8 September 1870 – 9 April 1874) was the only child of Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death Princess Marie of Edinburgh (Marie Alexandra Victoria later Queen of Romania; 29 October 1875 &ndash 10 July / 18 July 1938 Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 For Queen Elisabeth of Romania, wife of Carol I, see Elisabeth of Wied. For her mother Queen Marie of Romania please see Marie of Edinburgh. Biography Born in Peleş Castle, Sinaia, Nicholas was the younger brother of Carol, Heir apparent, who renounced his rights of succession Princess Ileana of Romania ( 5 January 1909 - 21 January 1991) was the youngest daughter of Ferdinand I of Romania, King of the Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Queen Anne of Romania, (born Princess Anne Antoinette Françoise Charlotte of Bourbon-Parma on September 18, 1923) is the wife of the former Princess Margarita of Romania ( Margareta in the Romanian language) Princess of Hohenzollern (styled Crown Princess of Romania) (b Titles styles honours and arms Titles and styles 15 November 1950 - present: Her Royal Highness Princess Elena Princess Irina of Romania was born on 28 February 1953 in Lausanne, Switzerland. Princess Sophie/Sophia (Sofia of Romania was born on 28 October / 29 October 1957 in Tatoi, Greece, and is the fourth daughter of Princess Maria of Romania (b Hellerup, Denmark, 13 July 1964) is the youngest daughter and fifth child of Michael I (Mihai King This is a List of rulers of Wallachia, from the first mention of a medieval polity situated between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube until the union This is a List of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862 when it united List of rulers of Transylvania, from the first mention of a ruler in the tenth century until 1918. See Presidents of Romania for the list of presidents after 1947. The President of Romania is the Head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a Two-round system for a five-year term (since 2004
| Name | Born-Died | King from | King until |
|---|---|---|---|
| King Carol I | 1839 - 1914 | 26 March 1881 | 10 October 1914 |
| King Ferdinand I | 1865 - 1927 | 10 October 1914 | 20 July 1927 |
| King Mihai I (1st reign) | 1921 - | 20 July 1927 | 8 June 1930 |
| King Carol II | 1893 - 1953 | 8 June 1930 | 6 September 1940 |
| King Mihai I (2nd reign) | 1921 - | 6 September 1940 | 30 December 1947 |
Although King Michael I of Romania is not the head of state, he continues to speak out on Romanian affairs. Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea
Footnotes
- ^ Romanian coins
- ^ a b Fundamental Rules of the Royal Family of Romania, The Romanian Royal Family website as retrieved on January 9, 2008
- ^ (Romanian) "The Joys of Suffering," Volume 2, "Dialogue with a few intellectuals", by Rev. Fr. Dimitrie Bejan - "Orthodox Advices" website as of June 9, 2007
- ^ (Romanian) Ioan Scurtu, Theodora Stănescu-Stanciu, Georgiana Margareta Scurtu, "The History of the Romanians between 1918-1940" ("Istoria românilor între anii 1918–1940"), page 280. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
See also
- History of Romania
- Lists of Incumbents
- Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- Line of succession to the Romanian throne
External links
See also Timeline of Romanian history, Military history of Romania This article provides only a brief outline of each period of the History of Romania; details WikipediaPage size suggests not to divide this as it's a list The House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is the Cadet branch of the senior Swabian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty less known than the Franconian The Succession order to the Throne of Romania depends on the interpretation of the applicable laws either the Romanian kingdom's last democratic ConstitutionDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic