In chess, the King (♔, ♚) is the most important piece. Chess is a recreational and competitive Game played between two players. Chess pieces vary in both value and abilities A standard chess match consists of each player having the following equipment 1 king The object of the game is to trap the opponent's king so that it would not be able to avoid capture (checkmate). Checkmate (frequently shortened to mate) is a situation in Chess (and in other Boardgames of the Chaturanga family in which one player's If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must move so as to remove the threat of capture. In games such as Chess, Shogi, and Xiangqi, a check is an immediate threat to capture the king (or general in xiangqi If it cannot escape capture on the next move, the king is said to be in checkmate, and the player which owns that king loses the game.
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In a conventional game of chess, White starts with the king on the first rank to the right of the queen. This page explains commonly used terms in Chess in alphabetical order The queen (♕♛ is the most powerful piece in the game of Chess. Black starts with the king directly across from the white king. In algebraic notation, the white king starts on e1 and the black king on e8. Algebraic chess notation is used to record and describe the moves in a game of Chess.
A king can move one square in any direction (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally). The exceptions to this rule are that it may not move onto a square that is threatened by an enemy piece, or one that is already occupied by another piece on its own side. As a result, the opposing kings may never occupy adjacent squares (see opposition (chess), but the king can give discovered check by unmasking a bishop, rook, or queen. Direct opposition Direct opposition is when the two kings face each other along a rank or file with only one square in between In Chess, a discovered attack is an attack revealed when one piece moves out of the way of another A bishop (♗♝ is a piece in the Board game of Chess. Each player begins the game with two bishops A rook, (♖ ♜ borrowed from Persian رخ rokh, Sanskrit rath, "chariot" also known as a castle is a piece in the The king is also involved in the special move of castling. As with all pieces except the pawn, it captures by moving onto a square occupied by an enemy piece. The pawn (♙♟ is the weakest and most numerous piece in the Game of Chess, representing Infantry
Castling
In conjunction with a rook, the king may make a special move called castling, in which the king moves two squares toward one of his rooks and then the rook is placed on the other side of the king. A rook, (♖ ♜ borrowed from Persian رخ rokh, Sanskrit rath, "chariot" also known as a castle is a piece in the Castling consists of moving the king two squares on its first rank toward either one of the original rooks, then moving the rook onto the square over which the king crossed. Castling is allowed only when neither the king nor the castling rook has previously moved, when no squares between them are occupied, when the king is not in check, and when the king will not move across or end its movement on a square that is under enemy control.
Status in games
| Chess pieces | ||
|---|---|---|
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King |  |
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Queen |  |
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Rook |  |
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Bishop |  |
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Knight |  |
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Pawn |  |
Check and checkmate
If a player's move places the opponent's king under attack, that king is said to be in check, and the player in check is required to immediately remedy the situation. Chess pieces vary in both value and abilities A standard chess match consists of each player having the following equipment 1 king The queen (♕♛ is the most powerful piece in the game of Chess. A rook, (♖ ♜ borrowed from Persian رخ rokh, Sanskrit rath, "chariot" also known as a castle is a piece in the A bishop (♗♝ is a piece in the Board game of Chess. Each player begins the game with two bishops The knight (♘ ♞ sometimes referred to by players as a 'horse' is a piece in the Game of Chess, representing a Knight (armoured cavalry The pawn (♙♟ is the weakest and most numerous piece in the Game of Chess, representing Infantry In games such as Chess, Shogi, and Xiangqi, a check is an immediate threat to capture the king (or general in xiangqi Checkmate (frequently shortened to mate) is a situation in Chess (and in other Boardgames of the Chaturanga family in which one player's In games such as Chess, Shogi, and Xiangqi, a check is an immediate threat to capture the king (or general in xiangqi There are three possible methods to remove the king from check:
- Moving the king to an adjacent non-threatened square
- Interposing a piece between the king in check and the attacking piece in order to break the line of threat (not possible when the attacking piece is a knight, or when in double check). The knight (♘ ♞ sometimes referred to by players as a 'horse' is a piece in the Game of Chess, representing a Knight (armoured cavalry In Chess, a double check is a check delivered by two pieces at the same time
- Capturing the attacking piece (not possible in double check, unless the king captures)
If none of these three options are possible, the player's king has been checkmated and the player loses the game. Checkmate (frequently shortened to mate) is a situation in Chess (and in other Boardgames of the Chaturanga family in which one player's
Stalemate
A stalemate occurs when, for the player with the move:
- The player has no legal moves, and
- The player's king is not in check
If this happens, the king is said to have been stalemated and the game ends in a draw. Stalemate is a situation in Chess where the player whose turn it is to move is not in check but has no legal moves In Chess, a draw is one of the possible outcomes of a game the others being a win for white and a win for black A player who has very little or no chance of winning will often try to entice the opponent to inadvertently place the player's king in stalemate in order to avoid a loss. In Chess, a swindle is a Ruse by which a player in a losing position tricks his opponent and thereby achieves a win or draw instead of the expected loss
Role in gameplay
In the opening and middlegame, the king will rarely play an active role in the development of an offensive or defensive position. In Chess the word " opening " has two common meanings both of which are discussed in this article The middlegame in Chess refers to the portion of the game that happens immediately after the opening (usually the first move after the procession of moves that Instead, a player will normally try to castle and seek safety on the edge of the board behind friendly pawns. The pawn (♙♟ is the weakest and most numerous piece in the Game of Chess, representing Infantry In the endgame, however, the king emerges to play an active role as an offensive piece as well as assisting in the promotion of their remaining pawns. In Chess, the endgame (or end game or ending) refers to the stage of the game when there are few pieces left on the board Promotion to various pieces Promotion to a queen is the most common in practical play since the queen is the most powerful piece
It is not meaningful to assign a value to the king relative to the other pieces, as it cannot be captured or exchanged. In this sense, its value could be considered infinite. As an assessment of the king's capability as an offensive piece in the endgame, it is often considered to be slightly stronger than a bishop or knight – Emanuel Lasker gave it the value of a knight plus a pawn (i. For other persons named Lasker see Lasker#People with the surname Lasker. e. four points on the scale of chess piece point value) (Lasker 1934:73). Standard valuations The following is the most common assignment of point values. In Chess, the King (♔ ♚ is the most important piece. The object of the game is to trap the opponent's king so that it would not be able to avoid capture It is better at defending nearby pawns than the knight is, and it is better at attacking them than the bishop is (Ward 1996:13). In Chess, the King (♔ ♚ is the most important piece. The object of the game is to trap the opponent's king so that it would not be able to avoid capture
See also
References
- Brace, Edward R. Chess pieces vary in both value and abilities A standard chess match consists of each player having the following equipment 1 king In Graph theory, a king's graph is a graph that represents all legal moves of the king Chess piece on a Chessboard where Direct opposition Direct opposition is when the two kings face each other along a rank or file with only one square in between The Staunton chess set is composed of a particular type of Chess pieces used to play the game of Chess. Rule of the square The first thing to realize is that the pawn may be able to queen unassisted by his king simply by advancing to the queening square before the opposing king can In Chess and related games a bare king is a situation in which one player has only the king left on the board while the fifteen other pieces and pawns have been (1977), An Illustrated Dictionary of Chess, Hamlyn Publishing Group, p. 151, ISBN 1-55521-394-4
- Barden, Leonard (1980), Play better CHESS with Leonard Barden, Octopus Books Limited, pp. Leonard William Barden (born 20 August 1929, Croydon, London) is an English Chess Columnist 9,11,12, ISBN 0-7064-0967-1
- Lasker, Emanuel (1934), Lasker's Chess Primer, Billings (1988 reprint), ISBN 0-7134-6241-8
- Ward, Chris (1996), Endgame Play, Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-7920-5
External links
- Piececlopedia: King by Hans L. For other persons named Lasker see Lasker#People with the surname Lasker. Chris G Ward ( March 26, 1968) is a British Chess Grandmaster (GM chess coach and author Bodlaender and Fergus Duniho.
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