Khalil al-Wazir
October 10, 1935(1935-10-10) – April 16, 1988
Portrait of Khalil al-Wazir
Nickname	Abu Jihad (Father of the Struggle)
Place of birth	Ramla, British Mandate of Palestine
Place of death	Tunis, Tunisia
Allegiance	Fatah/Palestine Liberation Organization
Service/branch	Al-Assifa
Battles/wars	Battle of Karameh Black September in Jordan Siege of Beirut First Intifada
Relations	Intissar al-Wazir (wife)

Khalil Ibrahim al-Wazir (Arabic: خليل الوزير‎), also known by his kunya "Abu Jihad" (Arabic: أبو جهاد — father of the struggle) (October 10, 1935–April 16, 1988), was a Palestinian military leader and founder of the secular political party Fatah. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Ramla (רַמְלָה Ramlāh; الرملة also Ramle and sometimes Rama) is a city in central Israel with a mixed Arab and The Palestine Mandate, was a set of protocols or articles that formed a multilateral legal and administrative agreement Tunis ( Arabic: تونس Tūnis) is the Capital of the Tunisian Republic and also the Tunis Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. Fatah (فتح literally opening, is a reverse Acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (حركة التحرير The Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO) (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary Al-Assifa (الاسيفة the Storm) was the mainstream armed wing of the Palestinian political party and militant group Fatah. al-Karameh (or simply Karameh) ( is a town in Jordan, near the Allenby Bridge which spans the Jordan River. September 1970 is known as the Black September ( in Arab history and sometimes is referred to as the "era of regrettable events Historical Setting The PLO moved its primary base of operations to Beirut in the late 1960s after an attempt on their part to overthrow the government The First Intifada (1987–1993 (also " Intifada " and "war of the stones" was a mass Palestinian uprising against Israeli Intissar al-Wazir (انتصار الوزير (1941- (also known as Umm Jihad أم جهاد is a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council and a former PNA minister Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language A kunya ( كنية) is an Honorific widely used in place of Given names through the Arab world. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Palestinian people or Palestinians ( الشعب الفلسطيني, ash-sha`b al-filasTīni; الفلسطينيون, al-filasTīnīyyūn Fatah (فتح literally opening, is a reverse Acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (حركة التحرير As a top aide of Palestine Liberation Organization Chairman, Yasser Arafat, al-Wazir had considerable influence in Fatah's military activities, eventually becoming the commander of Fatah's armed wing al-Assifa. The Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO) (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization is the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization. Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini ( Arabic: محمد عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني (August 24 1929 – November 11 Al-Assifa (الاسيفة the Storm) was the mainstream armed wing of the Palestinian political party and militant group Fatah. Most Israelis, from the left and right-wing spheres of government, considered him to be a high-profile terrorist for masterminding the killings of Israelis,^[1] while the majority of the Palestinians viewed him as a martyr who died resisting the Israeli occupation or at least sympathized with his cause. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom The are the territories captured by Israel from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria during the Six-Day War of 1967 consisting of the West ^[2][3]

Al-Wazir became a refugee as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and began leading a minor fedayeen force in the Gaza Strip. Palestinian fedayeen (from the Arabic fidā'ī, plural fidā'iyūn, فدائيون refers to Militants or Guerrillas of a nationalist The Gaza Strip (قطاع غزة, רצועת עזה Retzu'at 'Azza) is a coastal strip of land along the Mediterranean Sea, bordering Egypt on the south-west In the early 1960s, he established connections between Communist regimes and prominent third-world leaders with Fatah and opened Fatah's first bureau in Algeria. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's He played an important role in the 1970-71 Black September clashes in Jordan, by supplying surrounded Palestinian fighters with weapons and aid, but they were eventually forced out by the Jordanian Army. September 1970 is known as the Black September ( in Arab history and sometimes is referred to as the "era of regrettable events Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern Royal Jordanian Land Force is part of the Jordanian Armed forces (JAF

Prior to and during Israel's 1982 invasion of Lebanon — where he fled to after his expulsion from Jordan — he masterminded numerous attacks inside Israel against both civilian and military targets as well as planned Beirut's defense from incoming Israeli forces. The 1982 Lebanon War (מלחמת לבנון Milhemet Levanon) (الإجتياح Al-Ijtīāḥ, "the invasion" called by Israel the Operation Peace Beirut (بيروت Bayrūt) is the Capital and Largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2 Nonetheless, Israel prevailed and he was exiled from Lebanon with the rest of the Fatah leadership. Al-Wazir settled in Amman for a two-year period and was then exiled to Tunis in 1986. Amman (ɑˈmɑːn sometimes spelled Ammann ( Arabic عمان ʿAmmān) is the Capital city of the Hashemite Kingdom Tunis ( Arabic: تونس Tūnis) is the Capital of the Tunisian Republic and also the Tunis From his base there, he started to form and organize youth committees in the Palestinian territories, which eventually became the backbone of the Palestinian forces in the First Intifada. Name There are differences of opinion as to what the Palestinian territories should be called The First Intifada (1987–1993 (also " Intifada " and "war of the stones" was a mass Palestinian uprising against Israeli However, he did not live to command the uprising; On April 16, 1988, he was assassinated at his home in Tunis, apparently by Israeli commandos. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar)

Early life

Khalil al-Wazir was born in the city of Ramla, British Mandate Palestine in 1935 to Muslim parents. Ramla (רַמְלָה Ramlāh; الرملة also Ramle and sometimes Rama) is a city in central Israel with a mixed Arab and The Palestine Mandate, was a set of protocols or articles that formed a multilateral legal and administrative agreement Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic His father, Ibrahim al-Wazir worked as a grocer in the city. ^[4][5] He and his family fled the city as a result of Israel's capture of the area during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, becoming refugees in the Egyptian-held Gaza Strip. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Operation Danny (or Operation Dani, Mivtza Dani in Hebrew) was an Israeli operation carried out between the first and second truce of the The Gaza Strip (قطاع غزة, רצועת עזה Retzu'at 'Azza) is a coastal strip of land along the Mediterranean Sea, bordering Egypt on the south-west There, they settled in the Bureij refugee camp, where he attended a UNRWA secondary school. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East ( UNRWA) is a relief and human development agency providing education health care social services ^[6][7] While in high school, al-Wazir, began organizing a small group of fedayeen to harass Israelis at military posts near the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula. Palestinian fedayeen (from the Arabic fidā'ī, plural fidā'iyūn, فدائيون refers to Militants or Guerrillas of a nationalist The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai ( Coptic: sina; Egyptian Arabic: sina سينا Arabic, sina'a سيناء ^[4]

In 1954, he came in contact with Yasser Arafat in Gaza; al-Wazir would become Arafat's right-hand man later in his life. Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini ( Arabic: محمد عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني (August 24 1929 – November 11 Gaza (غزة, עַזָּה ʕazzā is the largest city in the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian territories. During his time in Gaza, al-Wazir became a member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood,^[8] and was briefly imprisoned for his membership with the organization, due to its prohibition in Egypt. The Muslim Brothers ( Arabic: الإخوان المسلمون al-ikhwān al-muslimūn, full title The Society of the Muslim Brothers, often simply الإخوان ^[8] Months after his release, he received military training in Cairo,^[5] while studying architectural engineering at the University of Alexandria in 1956,^[9] although he did not graduate. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. Architectural engineering, also known as Building Engineering, is the application of Engineering principles and Technology to Building Design Alexandria University (جامعة الإسكندرية is a university in Alexandria, Egypt. Al-Wazir was detained once again in 1957 for leading raids against Israel and was exiled to Saudi Arabia, finding work as a schoolteacher. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi ^[4] He continued his job after moving to Kuwait in 1959. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed ^[8]

Formation of Fatah

Al-Wazir's residence in Kuwait allowed him to further his ties with Arafat and other Palestinians he met in Egypt. Al-Wazir and his comrades founded Fatah, a secular Palestinian nationalist guerrilla and political organization, sometime between 1959-60. Fatah (فتح literally opening, is a reverse Acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (حركة التحرير Palestinian nationalism is a nationalist Ideology which calls for the creation of a Palestinian state in all or part of the former British Mandate ^[10] Al-Wazir moved to Beirut after being put in charge of editing the newly-formed organization's monthly magazine Filastinuna, Nida' al-Hayat ("Our Palestine, the Call to Life"), as he was "the only one with a flair for writing", according to author Said Aburish. Beirut (بيروت Bayrūt) is the Capital and Largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2 Said K Aburish (سعيد أبو ريش (born 1935 Al-Eizariya) is a Palestinian Journalist and writer ^[10]

He settled in Algeria in 1962, after a delegation of Fatah leaders, including Arafat and Farouk Kaddoumi, were invited there by Algerian President Ahmed Ben Bella. Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's Farouk al-Kaddoumi (alternative transliteration Faruq al-Qaddumi) (فاروق القدومي also known as Abu al-Lutf, born in 1931 The President is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Algerian armed forces Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla (أحمد بن بلّة (born December 25 1918, Maghnia, Algeria) was the first President Al-Wazir remained there, opened a Fatah office and military training camp in Algiers and was included in an Algerian-Fatah delegation to Bejing in 1964. Algiers (الجزائر Algerian Arabic: Dzayer ( (From kabyle pronunciation Kabyle: Ledzayer, Alger) is the Capital and largest ^[11] During his visit, he presented Fatah's ideas to various leaders of the People's Republic of China including premier Zhou Enlai,^[12] and thus inaugurated Fatah's good relationship with China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Zhou Enlai ( (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976 was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from 1949 until his death in January 1976 He also toured other East Asian countries, establishing relations with North Korea and the Viet Cong. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, ^[11] Al-Wazir supposedly "charmed Che Guevara" during Guevara's speech in Algiers. Ernesto "Che" Guevara (June 14 Following the Cuban revolution,Guevara reviewed Algiers (الجزائر Algerian Arabic: Dzayer ( (From kabyle pronunciation Kabyle: Ledzayer, Alger) is the Capital and largest ^[10] With his guerrilla credentials and his contacts with arms-supplying nations, he was assigned the role of recruiting and training fighters, thus establishing Fatah's armed wing al-Assifa (the Storm). Al-Assifa (الاسيفة the Storm) was the mainstream armed wing of the Palestinian political party and militant group Fatah. ^[7]

Syria and post-Six-Day War

Al-Wazir and the Fatah leadership settled in Damascus, Syria in 1965, in order take advantage of the large number of Palestine Liberation Army (PLA) members there. Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية The Palestinian Liberation Army (PLA was set up as the military wing of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO in 1964 with the mission of fighting Israel. On May 9, 1966, he and Arafat were detained by Syrian police loyal to air marshal Hafez al-Assad after an incident where a pro-Syrian Palestinian leader, Yusuf Orabi was thrown out of the window of a three-story building and killed. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Hafez al-Assad (حافظ الأسد) ( October 6, 1930 &ndash June 10, 2000) was president of Syria, for three Al-Wazir alongside Arafat, was either discussing possibilities of uniting Fatah with Orabi's faction — the Revolutionary Front for the Liberation of Palestine — or winning Orabi's support against Arafat's rivals within the Fatah leadership. An argument occurred, eventually leading to Orabi's murder; however al-Wazir and Arafat had already left the scene shortly before the incident. According to Aburish, Orabi and Assad were "close friends" and Assad appointed a panel to investigate what happened. The panel found both Arafat and al-Wazir guilty, but the current Deputy Secretary-General of the President of Syria Salah Jadid pardoned them. This page lists presidents and other Heads of State of Syria. Salah Jadid (1926? &mdash August 19, 1993, Arabic: صلاح جديد was a Syrian General and Political figure in the ^[10]

After the defeat of a coalition of Arab states in the 1967 Six-Day War, major Palestinian guerrilla organizations that participated in the war or were backed by any of the involved Arab states, such as the Arab Nationalist Movement led by George Habash and the Palestine Liberation Army of Ahmad Shukeiri, lost considerable influence among the Palestinian population. Background Suez Crisis aftermath The Suez Crisis of 1956 represented a military defeat but a political victory for Egypt The Arab Nationalist Movement ( Harakat al-Qawmiyyin al-Arab) also known as the Movement of Arab Nationalists and the Harakiyyin, was a Pan-Arab George Habash ( جورج حبش) also known by his kunya " al-Hakim " (Arabicالحكيم — the wise one or the doctor) The Palestinian Liberation Army (PLA was set up as the military wing of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO in 1964 with the mission of fighting Israel. Ahmad Shukeiri ( January 1 1908 – February 26 1980) (Arabic أحمد الشقيري also transcribed al-Shuqayri, Shuqeiri This propelled Fatah to become the dominant faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO) (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary They gained 33 of 105 seats in the Palestinian National Council (PNC) (the most seats allocated to any guerrilla group), thus strengthening al-Wazir's position. The Palestinian National Council (PNC is the legislative body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and elects its Executive Committee which assumes leadership of the During the Battle of Karameh, in March 1968, he and Salah Khalaf assumed important command posts of Fatah fighters against the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF), which developed his credentials as a military strategist. al-Karameh (or simply Karameh) ( is a town in Jordan, near the Allenby Bridge which spans the Jordan River. The Israel Defense Forces ( IDF) (צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit ^[13] This eventually led to him taking command of al-Assifa, holding major positions in the PNC,^[5] and the Supreme Military Council of the PLO. He was also put in charge of guerrilla warfare operations in the occupied Palestinian territories as well as inside Israel. Guerrilla warfare is the unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes raids etc The are the territories captured by Israel from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria during the Six-Day War of 1967 consisting of the West ^[4][7]

Black September and the Lebanon War

Yasser Arafat and al-Wazir meet Gamal Abdel Nasser upon arrival in Cairo to attend first emergency Arab League summit, 1970

During the Black September clashes in Jordan, al-Wazir supplied the encircled Palestinian forces in Jerash and Ajlun with arms and aid,^[14] but nevertheless, the conflict was waning in Jordan's favor. Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini ( Arabic: محمد عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني (August 24 1929 – November 11 Gamal Abdel Nasser (جمال عبد الناصر Gamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir; - January 15 1918 September 28 1970) was the second President Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. The Arab League ( الجامعة العربية) officially called the League of Arab States ( جامعة الدول العربية September 1970 is known as the Black September ( in Arab history and sometimes is referred to as the "era of regrettable events Overview Jerash, the Gerasa of Antiquity is the capital Ajlun (عجلون is the capital town of the Ajlun Governorate (although it is not the largest city in the governorate After Arafat and thousands of Fatah fighters retreated to Lebanon in wake of advancing Jordanian forces, al-Wazir negotiated an agreement between King Hussein and the PLO's leading organizer, calling for better Palestinian conduct in Jordan. Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية Hussein bin Talal King of Jordan (حسين بن طلال Ḥusayn bin Ṭalāl) ( November 14, 1935 – February 7, 1999) was ^[15] Then, along with the other PLO leaders, he relocated to Beirut. Beirut (بيروت Bayrūt) is the Capital and Largest city of Lebanon with a population of over 2 ^[14]

Al-Wazir did not played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War, primarily helping strengthen the Lebanese National Movement, the PLO's main ally in the conflict. The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990 was a multifaceted Civil war whose antecedents can be traced back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end The Lebanese National Movement (LNM ( Arabic: الحركة الوطنية اللبنانية) was a front of parties and organizations active during the early years ^[14] During the fall of the Tel al-Zaatar camp to the Lebanese Front and the subsequent massacre by Christian forces, al-Wazir blamed himself for not organizing a rescue effort. The Tel al-Zaatar Massacre (مذبحة تل الزعتر took place during the Lebanese Civil War on August 12, 1976. The Lebanese Front (الجبهة اللبنانية was a right-wing coalition of mainly Christian parties formed in 1976, during the Lebanese Civil War ^[16]

During his time in Lebanon, al-Wazir was responsible for coordinating high-profile military operations including, allegedly masterminding the Savoy Operation in 1975, in which eight Fatah militants raided and took hostages in the Savoy hotel in Tel Aviv, killing eight of them and three Israeli soldiers. The Savoy Operation was an attack by Palestinian militants on the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv, Israel on 4 and Tel Aviv-Yafo (תֵּל ־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ تل أبيب Tal ʾAbīb) (usually Tel Aviv) is the second-largest city in Israel ^[17] The Coastal Road massacre, in March 1978, was also planned out by al-Wazir. Avivim school bus massacre The Coastal Road Massacre of 1978 was a Palestinian hijacking and subsequent shootout with Israeli forces involving an inter-city bus driving In this attack, six Fatah members hijacked a bus and killed 35 Israeli civilians. ^[18]

When Israel besieged Beirut in 1982, al-Wazir, in contradiction with the views of the PLO's leftist members and Salah Khalaf, proposed pulling out of Beirut. Historical Setting The PLO moved its primary base of operations to Beirut in the late 1960s after an attempt on their part to overthrow the government Regardless of his position, however, al-Wazir and his aide Abu al-Walid planned Beirut's defense and helped direct PLO forces against the IDF. ^[19] As a result of Arafat ignoring al-Wazir's original proposal, PLO forces were eventually defeated and then expelled from Lebanon, with most of the leadership relocating to Tunis although al-Wazir and 264 other PLO members were received by King Hussein of Jordan. Tunis ( Arabic: تونس Tūnis) is the Capital of the Tunisian Republic and also the Tunis ^[12][20]

Establishing movement in the Palestinian territories

Dissatisfied at the decisive defeat of Palestinian forces during the 1982 Lebanon War, al-Wazir concentrated on establishing a solid Fatah base in the Palestinian territories. In 1982, he began to sponsor the youth committees that eventually became the embryonic organization that later ignited the First Intifada in December 1987. The word Intifada in Arabic, literally translated as "tremor", is generally used to describe an uprising or revolt. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language The Intifada began as an uprising of Palestinian youth against the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. ^[3] On June 7, 1986, about a year before the Intifada sparked, al-Wazir was deported from Amman to Baghdad, eventually moving to Tunis days after King Hussein declared the efforts in establishing joint strategy for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict between Jordan and the PLO was over. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Amman (ɑˈmɑːn sometimes spelled Ammann ( Arabic عمان ʿAmmān) is the Capital city of the Hashemite Kingdom Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous ^[12]

The first stage of the Intifada was a response to an incident at the Erez checkpoint, where an Israeli military vehicle hit a group of Palestinian laborers, killing four of them. The Erez Crossing (מעבר ארז is a pedestrian/ Cargo terminal on the Israeli Gaza Strip barrier. However, within weeks, upon consistent requests by al-Wazir, the PLO attempted to direct the uprising, which lasted until 1992–93. Al-Wazir had been assigned by Arafat the responsibility of the Palestinian territories within the PLO command and according to author Said Aburish, had "impressive knowledge of local conditions" in the Israeli-occupied territories, apparently knowing "every village, school, and large family in Gaza and the West Bank". Said K Aburish (سعيد أبو ريش (born 1935 Al-Eizariya) is a Palestinian Journalist and writer The are the territories captured by Israel from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria during the Six-Day War of 1967 consisting of the West He provided the uprising with financial backing and logistical support, thus becoming its "brain in exile". Al-Wazir activated every cell he had set up in the territories since the late 1970s in an effort to militarily back the stone-throwers who formed the backbone of the Palestinian force, but also, to use it as an opportunity to reform the PLO. ^[3] According to author Yezid Sayigh, al-Wazir believed that the Intifada should not have been sacrificed to Arafat solely for use as a diplomatic or political tool. ^[21]

Assassination

Al-Wazir was assassinated at close range in his home at 2 a. m. UTC on April 16, 1988 at the age of 53. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) He was shot in the presence of his wife and son Nidal. ^[3] Al-Wazir is widely believed to have been assassinated by an Israeli commando team, reportedly ferried from Israel by boat, aided ashore by Mossad intelligence agents. Sayeret (Hebrew סיירת pl sayarot) literally means " Reconnaissance unit " in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF The Mossad ( HaMossad leModi'in v'leTafkidim Meyuhadim) (המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים - Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations Israel accused al-Wazir for escalating the violence of the Intifada which was raging at the time of his assassination. ^[3] He was buried in the Yarmouk refugee camp in Damascus on April 21;^[12] Arafat led the funeral procession. Yarmouk (اليرموك is an "unofficial" refugee camp in Damascus that is home to the largest Palestinian refugee community in Syria. Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) ^[3]

In 1997, a revelation came in a Maariv newspaper report on the execution of al-Wazir. Maariv (מַעֲרִיב lit Evening) is a popular Hebrew language Daily newspaper published in Israel. The report claimed that Ehud Barak led a seaborne command center that oversaw al-Wazir's assassination. Ehud Barak (אֵהוּד בָּרָק born Ehud Brog on 12 February 1942) is an Israeli politician former Prime Minister, and However, Israel has never officially taken responsibility for his killing and government spokesman Moshe Fogel and aides to Barak declined to comment on the issue. According to the report, Barak, who was then a deputy military chief, coordinated the planning by the Mossad, as well as the army's intelligence branch, the air force, navy and the elite Sayeret Matkal commando unit. For the continent in JRR Tolkien 's Middle-earth Legendarium, see Aman, for the Jordanian Organization see Aman Jordan The Israeli Air Force ( IAF; Hebrew: זרוע האויר והחלל Zroa HaAvir VeHahalal, "Air and Space Arm" commonly known as חיל Sayeret Matkal (סיירת מטכ"ל Translation: General Staff Reconnaissance Unit is the main Special forces unit of the Israeli Defence Force Barak ran the assassination operation from a command center on a navy missile boat off the shore of Tunis, Maariv said. Mossad intelligence agents watched al-Wazir's home for months before the raid. ^[22] The Washington Post reported that the Israeli cabinet approved al-Wazir's assassination and that it was coordinated between the Mossad and the IDF. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D The Cabinet of Israel is a formal body composed of government officials chosen and led by a Prime Minister. ^[12] The United States Department of State condemned his murder as an "act of political assassination",^[1] and the UN Security Council approved a resolution condemning "the aggression perpetrated against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Tunisia", without mentioning Israel. ^[23]

Personal life

Al-Wazir married his cousin Intissar al-Wazir in 1962 and had five children with her. Intissar al-Wazir (انتصار الوزير (1941- (also known as Umm Jihad أم جهاد is a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council and a former PNA minister His sons are Jihad, Bassem and Nidal and his two daughters are Iman and Hanan al-Wazir. ^[24] Jihad is currently the Governor of the Palestinian Monetary Authority. ^[25] Intissar and her children returned to Gaza following the Oslo Accords between Israel and the PLO and in 1996 became the first female minister in the Palestinian National Authority. Israeli-Palestinian conflict The Oslo Accords, officially called the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles ^[26] After Hamas' takeover of the Gaza Strip in 2007, Palestinian looters raided al-Wazir's home, reportedly stealing his personal belongings. The Battle of Gaza ( معركة غزّة) was a Military conflict between Hamas and Fatah which took place between June 7 and Intissar al-Wazir said that the looting "occurred in broad daylight and under the watchful eye of Hamas militiamen. "^[27]

See also

• List of Fatah members

References

External links

• "Encyclopedia Of The Palestinians: Biography of Khalil al-Wazir (Abu Jihad)" Phillip Mattar. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne

Bibliography

• Aburish, Said K. (1998). Said K Aburish (سعيد أبو ريش (born 1935 Al-Eizariya) is a Palestinian Journalist and writer Arafat: From Defender to Dictator. Bloomsbury Publishing. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc is an independent London -based publishing house known for literary Novels It was named Publisher of the Year in 1999 and ISBN 978-1-58234-049-4.  
• Cobban, Helena (1984). The Palestinian Liberation Organization. New York: Cambridge University Press Bloomsbury Publishing. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc is an independent London -based publishing house known for literary Novels It was named Publisher of the Year in 1999 and ISBN 0-521-27216-5.