In organic chemistry ketone halogenation is a special type of halogenation. Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation "Fluorination" redirects here For the addition of fluoride to drinking water see Water fluoridation.
The position alpha (next) to the carbonyl group in a ketone is easily halogenated, due to the ability to form an enolate in basic solution, or an enol in acidic solution. In Organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a Functional group composed of a Carbon Atom double-bonded to an Oxygen A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or An enolate anion is an Anion derived by loss of a Proton from the alpha carbon of a Carbonyl group; it is the anion of an Enol. In Chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept Protons This refers to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and Enols (also known as alkenols) are Alkenes with a Hydroxyl group affixed to one of the carbon atoms composing the Double bond. In Computer science, ACID ( Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that Database transactions are An example is the bromination of acetone in basic solution:
CH3-CO-CH3 + OH− → CH3-CO-CH2− + H2O
CH3-CO-CH2− + Br2 → CH3-CO-CH2Br + Br−
In acidic solution, usually only one alpha hydrogen is replaced by a halogen, because each successive halogenation is slower that the first. "Fluorination" redirects here For the addition of fluoride to drinking water see Water fluoridation. Acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is a colorless mobile flammable The halogen decreases the basicity of the carbonyl oxygen, thus making protonation less likely. However, in basic solution successive halogenations are more rapid, because the halogen withdraws electrons by induction and makes remaining hydrogens more acidic. In the case of methyl ketones, this results in what is called the haloform reaction. A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or The haloform reaction is a chemical reaction where a haloform (CHX3 where X is a Halogen) is produced by the exhaustive Halogenation of a methyl Ketone [1]
References
- ^ "Organic Chemistry" Fifth Edition, by Paula Yurkanis Bruice. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2007
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