Archipel des Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands
Motto: "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité"
Anthem: La Marseillaise
Map of Kerguelen Island
Capital (and largest city)		Port-aux-Français 49°21′S, 70°13′E
Official languages		French
Government
-	President	Nicolas Sarkozy
-	Administrator	Eric Pilloton
French overseas territory		District of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
-	Discovery	February 1772
-	Port-aux-Français established	1944
Area
-	Total	7,215 km²  2,786 sq mi
Population
-	census	70 (winter); c. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Liberté égalité fraternité, French for " Liberty, equality, fraternity ( Brotherhood)" is the motto A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's " La Marseillaise " (la maʁsɛˡjɛz in English The Song of Marseille) is the National anthem of France. Port-aux-Français is the capital settlement of the Kerguelen Islands, French territory in the south Indian Ocean. An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. The President of the French Republic (Président de la République française colloquially referred to in English as the President of France, is France 's elected Nicolas Sarkozy (pronounced, The French Overseas Departments and Territories ( French: départements d'outre-mer and territoires d'outre-mer or DOM-TOM) consist broadly of The French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Terres australes et antarctiques françaises abbreviated TAAF) full name Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. M^2 redirects here For other uses see M². CM2 redirects here The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology 110 (summer)
Currency		euro (EUR)
Time zone		UTC+5
Internet TLD		.tf
Calling code		+262

The Kerguelen Islands or the Kerguelen Archipelago (French: commonly Îles Kerguelen or Archipel de Kerguelen but officially Archipel des Kerguelen or Archipel Kerguelen), also known as Desolation Island, is a group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean. A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e ISO 4217 is the International standard describing three-letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established UTC+5 is the Timezone for Pakistan Standard Time West Asia Standard Time. A country This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface It is a territory of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

The Kerguelen Islands are located at 49°15′S, 69°35′E, which is antipodal to the area where Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana meet in North America. The antipodes refer to lands and peoples located on the opposite side of the World compared to the speaker Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern The main island, Grande Terre, is 6,675 km² and it is surrounded by another 300 smaller islands and islets, forming an archipelago of 7,215 km². To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 An archipelago (ɑrkəˈpɛləgoʊ is a chain or cluster of Islands The word archipelago literally means "chief Sea " from Italian The climate is raw and chilly but not severely cold throughout the year — much like that of the outer Aleutian Islands of Alaska — with frequent high winds; and while the surrounding seas are generally rough, they remain free of ice year-round. The Aleutian Islands (possibly from Chukchi aliat, " Island " are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming a Volcanic Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent

In English, "Kerguelen" is pronounced /ˈkɝɡɨlɨn/, etc.

History

Port Aux Français

The islands, along with Adélie Land, the Crozet Islands, and the Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands are part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and are administered as a separate district. The French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Terres australes et antarctiques françaises abbreviated TAAF) full name Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands

They were discovered by the French navigator Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen de Trémarec in February 1772. Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen-Trémarec ( February 13, 1734 - March 3, 1797) was a Breton Explorer and French naval officer

Soon after their discovery, the archipelago was regularly visited by whalers and sealers (mostly British, American, and Norwegian) who hunted the resident populations of whales and seals to the point of near extinction, including fur seals in the 18th century and elephant seals in the 19th century. Fur seals are any of nine species of Pinnipeds in the Otariidae family Elephant seals are large oceangoing Mammals in the Genus Mirounga, in the Earless seal (Phocidae family. Since the end of the whaling and sealing era, most of the islands' species have been able to re-establish themselves.

In the past, a number of expeditions briefly visited the islands, including that of Captain James Cook in 1776. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and The German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis called at Kerguelen during December 1940. Early history Formerly a Freighter named Goldenfels, she was built by Bremer Vulkan in 1937 and was owned and operated by the Hansa Line During their stay the crew performed maintenance and replenished their water supplies. The ship's first fatality of the war came when a sailor fell while painting the funnel. He is buried in what is sometimes referred to as "the most southerly German grave" of the Second World War.

Kerguelen has been used by a small number of science teams since 1949, with a population of fifty to one hundred always present. There is also a satellite tracking station. The main island is home to a well-established feral cat population, descended from ships' cats. A feral cat (or stray cat, alley cat) is a Cat which has been separated from Domestication through abandonment loss or running away and becomes They survive on sea birds and non-indigenous rabbits introduced to the islands. The islands are also known for the indigenous, edible Kerguelen cabbage.

The main base, the "capital" of the district, is located at the eastern end of the Gulf of Morbihan on Grande Terre at 49°21′S, 70°13′E and is known as Port-aux-Français. Port-aux-Français is the capital settlement of the Kerguelen Islands, French territory in the south Indian Ocean. Facilities include a bar, gym, hospital, library, and the chapel of Notre-Dame des Vents. Notre-Dame des Vents is a chapel located in Port-aux-Français, the capital settlement of the Kerguelen Islands, Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic

In 2000, one of the over-winterers was killed in a hunting accident on Ile Haute, an event written about by a British journalist, Matthew Parris, during a stay while writing a column on the islands. Matthew Parris (born 7 August 1949 in Johannesburg) is a Journalist and former Conservative politician in the United ^[1]

Grande Terre

Péninsule Rallier du Baty

Two Brothers Mountains (Monts des Deux Frères)

The main island of this archipelago is called La Grande Terre. The Péninsule Rallier du Baty is a peninsula of Grande Terre the main island of the Kerguelen archipelago It measures 150 km east to west and 120 km north to south. The highest point is the Galliéni Massif (Pic du Grand-Ross), which lies along the southern coast of the island and has an elevation of 1850 m. The Cook Glacier, which covers approximately 550 square km, lies on the west-central part of the island. Grande Terre has numerous bays, inlets, fjords, and coves, as well as several important peninsulas and promontories. The most important ones are listed below and indicated on the map by numbers:

1. Courbet Peninsula
2. Péninsule Rallier du Baty
3. Péninsule Gallieni
4. Péninsule Loranchet
5. Presqu'île Jeanne d'Arc
6. Presqu'île Ronarc'h
7. Presqu'île de la Société de Géographie
8. Presqu'île Joffre
9. Presqu'île du Prince de Galles
10. Presqu'île du Gauss
11. Presqu'île Bouquet de la Grye
12. Presqu'île d'Entrecasteaux
13. Presqu'île du Bougainville
14. Presqu'île Hoche

Historic localities

Cook Glacier

There are also a number of historic localities, all on Grande Terre (see also the main map):

• Anse Betsy [Betsy Cove] (a historic geomagnetic station at 49°10′S, 70°13′E), on Baie Accessible [Accessible Bay], on the north coast of the Courbet Peninsula. The Courbet Peninsula ( Péninsule Courbet) is a vast peninsula occupying the northeastern portion of the principal island of Kerguelen. The Péninsule Rallier du Baty is a peninsula of Grande Terre the main island of the Kerguelen archipelago Ronarc'h Peninsula ( Presqu'île Ronarc'h) is a peninsula in the south-east of the principal island of Kerguelen. On this site an astronomical and geomagnetic observatory was erected on 26 October 1874 by a German research expedition led by Georg Gustav Freiherr von Schleinitz. The primary goal of this station was the 1874 tracking of the Transit of Venus.
• Armor (Base Armor), established in 1983 forty kilometers west of Port-aux-Français at the bottom of Morbihan Gulf, for the acclimatization of Salmon to the Kerguelen islands [1]
• Baie de l'Observatoire [Observatory Bay] (historic geomagnetic station at 49°21′S, 70°12′E), just west of Port-Aux-Français, on the eastern fringe of the Central Plateau, along the northern shore of the Golfe du Morbihan.

For the 1874 Transit of Venus, George Biddell Airy at the Royal Observatory organised and equipped five expeditions to different parts of the world. Sir George Biddell Airy FRS (27 July 1801&ndash2 January 1892 was an English Mathematician and Astronomer, Astronomer Royal Three of these would be sent to the Kerguelen Islands. The Reverend Stephen Joseph Perry led the British expeditions to the Kerguelen Islands. Stephen Joseph Perry (born in London August 1833 d 27 December[[ 889]] was an English Jesuit, known as a participant in scientific expeditions He set up his chief station at Observatory Bay and two auxiliary stations, one at Thumb Peak [49°31'11". 8 S, 70°10'18". 1 E] led by Sommerville Goodridge, and a second at Supply Bay [49°30'47". 3 S, 69 °46'13". 2 E] led by Cyril Corbet. Observatory Bay was also used by the German Antarctic Expedition led by Erich Dagobert von Drygalski in 1902-03. Erich Dagobert von Drygalski ( February 9, 1865 &ndash January 10, 1949) was a German Geographer, Geophysicist In January 2007, an archaeological excavation of this site was carried out.

• Cabane Port-Raymond (scientific camp at 49°20′S, 69°49′E), at the head of a fjord cutting into the Courbet Peninsula from the south.
• Cap Ratmanoff (geomagnetic station at 49°14′S, 70°34′E), the easternmost point of the Kerguelens.
• La Montjoie (scientific camp at 48°59′S, 68°50′E), on the south shore of Baie Rocheuse, along the northwestern coast of the archipelago.
• Molloy (Pointe Molloy), former observatory 10 km west of present day Port-Aux-Français, along the south coast of the Courbet Peninsula, or northern shore of the Golfe du Morbihan (Kerguelen). The Golfe du Morbihan (Gulf of Morbihan of the Kerguelen islands forms deep and broad notch in the central section of principal island of the Kerguelen Islands Grande An American expedition led by G. P. Ryan erected a station at this site on 7 September 1874. This station was also established to track the 1874 Transit of Venus.
• Port Bizet (seismographic station at 49°31′12, S°69′54), on the northeastern coast of Île Longue. This also serves as the principal sheep farm for the island's resident flock of Bizet sheep.
• Port Christmas (historic geomagnetic station at 48°41′S, 69°03′E), on Baie de l'Oiseau, in the extreme northwest of the Loranchet Peninsula. This place was so named by James Cook, who re-discovered the islands and who anchored there on Christmas Day, 1776. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and This is also the place where Captain Cook coined the name "Desolation Islands" in reference to what he believed was a sterile landscape.
• Port Couvreux (formerly a whaling station, an experimental sheep farm and a geomagnetic station, at 49°17′S, 69°42′E), on Baie du Hillsborough, on the southeast coast of Presqu'île Bouquet de la Grye. From 1912, sheep were bred to create an economic base for future settlement, however, the attempt failed and the last inhabitants had to be evacuated and the station abandoned in 1931. The huts remain as well as a graveyard with five anonymous graves. Some of these are of the settlers who were unable to survive in the harsh environment.
• Port Curieuse (harbour on the west coast across Île de l'Ouest 49°22′S, 68°48′E). The site was named after the ship La Curieuse, which was used by Raymond Rallier du Baty on his second visit to the islands (1913-14).
• Port Douzième (literally Twelfth Port, hut and geomagnetic station at 49°31′S, 70°09′E), on the north coast of Presqu'île Ronarch, southern shore of the Golfe du Morbihan.
• Port Jeanne d'Arc (former whaling station founded by a Norwegian whaling company in 1908, and historic geomagnetic station at 49°33′S, 69°49′E), in the northwestern corner of Presqu'île Jeanne d'Arc, looking across the Buenos Aires passage to Île Longue (4 km northeast). The derelict settlement consists of four residential buildings with wooden walls and tin roofs and a barn. One of the buildings was restored in 1977, and another in 2007.

Since 1963, 49°21′S, 70°16′E just east of Port-aux-Français is a launch site for sounding rockets (mainly Arcas, Dragon and Eridan). A sounding rocket, sometimes called a research rocket, is an instrument-carrying Rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during For the butterfly genus see Arcas (butterfly. In Pelasgian Mythology, Arcas (Ἀρκάς is the son of the god The Dragon is a two-stage French Solid propellant Sounding rocket used for high altitude research The Eridan is a two-stage French Sounding rocket, which resulted from the use of the Stromboli engine of the Dragon and/or Dauphin as first and second stage

The islands

The following list the most important adjacent islands:

• Île Foch in the north of the archipelago is the largest satellite island with an area of 206. L' île Foch is one of the Kerguelen Islands situated near to the north coast of Grand Terre the principal island 20 km². Its highest point, at 687 m, is called La Pyramide Mexicaine.
• Île Howe which lies less than one kilometre off the northern coast of Ile Foch is, at ~54. L' île Howe is one of the islands of the Kerguelen archipelago situated to the north of île Foch, just after île MacMurdo 00 km², the second most important offlier in the Kerguelens 48°50′S, 69°25′E
• Île Saint-Lanne Gramont, is to the west of Île Foch in the Golfe Choiseul. L' île Saint-Lanne Gramont is an Uninhabited island, the second largest island in the Kerguelen Islands, situated to the north of Presqu'île de la Société It has an area of 45. 80 km². Its highest point reaches 480 m (48°55′S, 69°12′E).
• Île du Port, also in the north in the Golfe des Baliniers, is the third largest satellite island with an area of 43. 00 km², near its centre it reaches an altitude of 340 m.
• Île de l'Ouest (west coast, about 40. 00 km²)
• Île Longue (southeast, about 40. 00 km² 49°32′S, 69°54′E)
• Îles Nuageuses (northwest)
• Île de Castries 48°41′S, 69°29′E
• Île Leygues (north)
• Île Violette 49°07′S, 69°40′E
• Île aux Rennes [also known as Reindeer Island or Australia Island] (western part of the Golfe du Morbihan, area 36. 70 km², altitude 199 m)

Economy

Principal activities on the Kerguelen Islands focus on scientific research - mostly earth sciences and biology.

The former sounding rocket range to the east of Port-aux-Français 49°21′S, 70°16′E is currently the site of a SuperDARN radar. The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN is an international Radar network for studying the upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere, comprised of eleven

Since 1992, the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES) has operated a satellite tracking station which is located 4 km east of Port-aux-Français. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) The fr '''Centre National d'Études Spatiales''' ( CNES) is the French government Space agency (administratively a "public establishment of industrial and commercial This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. An earth station or ground station is the surface-based (terrestrial end of a Communications link to an object in Outer space. Port-aux-Français is the capital settlement of the Kerguelen Islands, French territory in the south Indian Ocean.

Agricultural activities are limited to raising sheep (approximately 3500 bizet sheep - an endangered species in metropolitan France) on Longue Island for consumption by the occupants of the base, as well as small quantities of vegetables in a greenhouse within the immediate vicinity of the base. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture

There are also a small number of fishing vessels, owned by fishermen on Réunion island - a departement of France - who are licensed to fish within the archipelago's economic zone. Under the law of the sea, an Exclusive Economic Zone ( EEZ) is a seazone over which a State has special rights over the exploration and use of marine

Geology

Simplified geological map of the Kerguelen Islands

The Kerguelen islands form an emerged part of the submerged Kerguelen-Heard tectonic plate, which has a surface area nearing 2. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere 2 million square kilometres. ^[2]

The major part of the volcanic formations visible on the islands are characteristic of an effusive volcanism, which caused a trap rock formation to start emerging above the level of the ocean 35 million years ago. Trap rock is a form of Plutonic Igneous rock that tends to form polygonal vertical fractures most typically hexagonal but also four to eight sided The accumulation is of a considerable amount; basalt flows, each with a thickness of three to ten metres, stack on top of each other, sometimes up to a depth of 1,200 metres. Basalt (bəˈsɔːlt ˈbeisɔːlt ˈbæsɔːlt is a common Extrusive Volcanic rock. This form of volcanism creates a monumental relief shaped as stairs of pyramids.

Other forms of volcanism are present locally, such as the strombolic volcano Mont Ross, and the volcano-plutonic complex on the Rallier du Baty peninsular. Mont Ross is a Stratovolcano, the highest mountain in the Kerguelen Islands at 1840 m Various veins and extrusions of lava such as trachytes, trachy-phonolites and phonolites are frequent all over the islands. Trachyte is an Igneous, Volcanic rock with an Aphanitic to Porphyritic texture Phonolite is an evolved lava which is considered as forming in shallow Magma chambers Phonolite is an igneous, volcanic ( Extrusive) rock

No eruptive activity has been recorded in historic times, but some fumaroles are still active in the South-West of the Grande-Terre island.

Mont Ross

A few lignite strata, trapped in basalt flows, reveal fossilised Araucariaceae fragments, dated at about 14 million years of age. Mont Ross is a Stratovolcano, the highest mountain in the Kerguelen Islands at 1840 m Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, or Rosebud coal by Northern Pacific Railroad, is a soft brown fuel with characteristics that put it somewhere The Araucariaceae are a very ancient family of Conifers They achieved maximum diversity in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods when they existed almost

Glaciation caused the depression and tipping phenomena which created the gulfs at the north and east of the archipelago. "Glacial" and "Glaciation" redirect here For the geological periods see Glacial period. Erosion caused by the glacial and fluvial activity carved out the valleys and fjords; erosion also created conglomerate detrital complexes, and the plain of the Courbet Peninsula. Detritus (adjective detrital) is a geological term used to describe particles of rock derived from pre-existing rock through processes of Weathering and The Courbet Peninsula ( Péninsule Courbet) is a vast peninsula occupying the northeastern portion of the principal island of Kerguelen.

The islands are part of a submerged microcontinent called the Kerguelen continent. Continental crustal fragments or microcontinents are fragments of continents thought to have been broken off from the main continental mass forming distinct islands possibly The Kerguelen Plateau (kɚˈɡeɪlən ˈkɝɡələn is an underwater Volcanic Large igneous province (LIP in the Indian Ocean. ^[3] The microcontinent existed for three periods between 100 million years ago and 20 million years ago. The so-called Kerguelen continent may have had tropical flora and fauna about 50 million years ago. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 In Botany, flora ( Plural: floras or florae has two meanings The first meaning flora of an area or of time period, refers to all Fauna is all of the Animal life of any particular region or time The Kerguelen continent finally sank 20 million years ago and is now 1 - 2 km below sea level. Kerguelen's sedimentary rocks are similar to ones found in Australia and India, indicating they were once connected. Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock types (the others being igneous and Metamorphic rock) For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Scientists hope that studying the Kerguelen continent will help them discover how Australia, India and Antarctica broke apart. A scientist, in the broadest sense refers to any person that engages in a systematic activity to acquire Knowledge or an individual that engages in such practices For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country ^[4]

Flora and fauna

See main article: Flora and fauna of the Kerguelen Islands. Fauna The Kerguelen Islands are located at the Antarctic convergence, where cold water moving up from the Antarctic mixes with the warmer water of the Indian

The Kerguelen Islands in fiction

Satellite view of the Kerguelen Islands

• In the seafaring novel Desolation Island, one of the Aubrey–Maturin series by Patrick O'Brian, the crew repair their disabled ship on an island that strongly resembles Kerguelen, although a later book in the series asserts that it is a different Desolation Island, located somewhere "further south and east", (probably being Heard Island. Desolation Island, (1978 is the fifth Historical novel by Patrick O'Brian set prior to the War of 1812. The Aubrey–Maturin series is a sequence of Historical novels — 20 completed and one unfinished — by Patrick O'Brian, set during the Napoleonic Patrick O'Brian, CBE ( 12 December 1914 &ndash 2 January 2000; born as Richard Patrick Russ) was an English Heard Island and McDonald Islands (abbreviated as HIMI are barren islands located in the Southern Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Though factually, this island wasn't confirmed to exist before the 1850s. )
• In The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket, Edgar Allan Poe's only complete novel, the crew of the Jane Guy alights at Kerguelen Island before eventually pushing on towards the South Pole. The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket is Edgar Allan Poe 's only complete Novel, published in 1838. Edgar Allan Poe (January 19 1809 – October 7 1849 was an American poet, short-story Writer, editor and Literary critic,
• In Biggles' Second Case by W. E. Johns, Biggles searches for Nazi gold just after World War II on and around Kerguelen. William Earl Johns ( 5 February 1893 - 21 June 1968) was an English pilot and writer of adventure stories usually written under the James Bigglesworth, better known in flying circles as " Biggles " is a fictional pilot and adventurer created by W
• Warbots (no. 5) Operation High Dragon involves a secret Chinese military base located on Kerguelen Island. ISBN 1-55817-159-2
• In Gundam - The 08th MS Team, the Zeon Zanzibar-class cruiser used to evacuate Ginias Sakhalin's forces from their base is named Kerguelen. The Anime series is a twelve-episode Gundam OVA series that takes place during the One-Year War, and depicts the point of view of the common soldier For the Shining Force II character called Zeon see Shining Force II For the Konjiki no Gash Bell!! character called Zeon see
• In the Danish graphic novel Mikkeline på skattejagt (Mikkeline's Treasure Hunt) by draftsman and cartoonist Claus Deleuran, Desolation Island plays a major role in the plot. In the humorous story the active volcano Mont Ross serves as a back entrance to hell as described in The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri. The Divine Comedy ISBN 87-7378-244-0
• The novel The Lost Flying Boat by Alan Sillitoe is situated around Kerguelen, though the islands' geography are not accurately described. Alan Sillitoe (born 4 March, 1928) is an English writer one of the " Angry Young Men " of the 1950s
• The Swedish comic James Hund by Jonas Darnell & Patrik Norrmann has set at least one episode on Kerguelen, where a satanic Nazi conspiracy against the world's leaders has its seat.
• The first chapter of Jules Verne's Le Sphinx des glaces (An Antarctic Mystery) is entitled "Chapitre 1 - Les Îles Kerguelen" ("Chapter 1 - The Kerguelen Islands"). Jules Gabriel Verne ( February 8 1828 &ndash March 24 1905) was a French Author who pioneered the science-fiction An Antarctic Mystery (Le Sphinx des glaces also known also as The Sphinx of Ice, is an 1897, two-volume novel by Jules Verne and is a
• In Patrick Robinson's Kilo Class (ISBN 0-06-109685-7), naval confrontations arise in the Kerguelen Islands between the Americans, the Chinese, and the Taiwanese. Patrick Robinson ( January 21, 1940) is a British Novelist and former newspaper Columnist.
• In the novel An Inexplicable Story by Josef Skvorecky (published by Key Porter Books, Toronto, 2002), the chapter "A Letter from Herr Rudolf Ceeh" is a report by a German submarine sailor about his stay on the Kerguelen Islands.
• The Science Fiction novel "Rocannon's World" by Ursula LeGuin mentions a planet called "New South Georgia", whose chief city is "Kerguelen". Rocannon's World was Ursula K Le Guin 's first Novel. It was published in 1966 as an Ace Double, along with Avram Davidson 's Ursula Kroeber Le Guin (ˈɝsələ ˈkroʊbɚ ləˈgwɪn (born October 21, 1929) is an American author The Hainish Cycle is the setting for a number of Science fiction novels and stories of Ursula K

See also

• French overseas departments and territories
• Administrative divisions of France
• Islands controlled by France in the Indian and Pacific oceans
• Sub-antarctic islands

References

External links

• Official site (In French)
• Official site (In French)
• Cartography of the Kerguelen, including a toponymy index (In French)
• Kerguelen Archipelago
• Southern & Antarctic Territories
• Columns about Kerguelen from The Times
• Personal site with a lot of pictures
• Rocket launches on the Kerguelen Islands
• South Atlantic & Subantarctic Islands site, Kerguelen Archipelago page