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Karl Peters (September 27, 1856 - September 10, 1918), German traveler in Africa, one of the founders of German East Africa (East Africa, today's Tanzania), was born at Neuhaus on the Elbe, the son of a Lutheran clergyman. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 1856 ( MDCCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika was a German Colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda and Tanganyika East Africa is the Easternmost Region of the African Continent. Tanzania ˌtænzəˈniːə officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya Amt Neuhaus is a Municipality in district of Lüneburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The Elbe ( die Elbe Low German: de Ilv) is one of the major Rivers of Central Europe. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther

He studied at Göttingen, Tübingen and Berlin, and in 1879 was awarded a gold medal by the Berlin University for his Frieden zu Venedig. The University of Göttingen ( German: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) is a University in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen ( German: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, sometimes called the "Eberhardina Carolina" is a public university For other universities in Berlin see List of Universities in Berlin. Working in London with a family enterprise after his studies Peters became acquainted with English principles of colonization and imperialism. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. When he returned to Berlin he founded the Gesellschaft für Deutsche Kolonisation (society for German colonization). The Society for German Colonization ( Gesellschaft für Deutsche Kolonisation) was founded on March 28, 1884, by Dr In the autumn of 1884 he proceeded with two companions to East Africa, and concluded in the name of his society treaties with the chiefs of Useguha, Nguru, Ijsagara and Ukami. Returning to Europe early in 1885, he formed the German East Africa Company. The German East Africa Company ( Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft) was an organisation founded by Karl Peters (with imperial backing from Otto

The German government under Bismarck was originally opposed to these plans and had refused any backing when Peters set out. Bismarck refused a second time when Peters returned to Germany in the closing days of the Berlin Conference demanding an imperial charter. See also Congress of Berlin (1878 and Berlin Conference of 1954 (Cold War Peters, however, blackmailed the Chancellor successfully by threatening to sell his acquisitions to King Léopold II of Belgium who was eager to expand his Congo Empire. The Head of government of Germany is called Chancellor (Kanzler Leopold II (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909 was King of the Belgians. The Belgian Congo ( Dutch: Belgisch Kongo French: Congo Belge German: Belgisch Kongo was the formal title of present-day Democratic Republic As his National Liberal Allies in parliament were pro-colonial minded anyway Bismarck finally gave in and the charter was made out. This constituted the necessary backing for further expansion on the East African mainland in the following years. 1887 Peters achieved an agreement with the Sultan of Zanzibar who leased his coastal dominions in what was to be Tanganyika to the German East Africa Company. Tanganyika is the name of an East African territory lying between the largest of the African great lakes Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi and Lake Tanganyika

In 1888 Peters undertook an expedition from the east coast of Africa, avowedly for the relief of Emin Pasha. Mehmet Emin Pasha ( March 28, 1840 &ndash October 23, 1892) born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer, baptized (c This expedition was not sanctioned by the German government and was regarded by the British authorities as a filibustering (in the 19th century sense of the word) exploit. A filibuster is someone who engages in an unauthorized military expedition into a foreign country to foment or support a revolution One of its objects was to extend the sphere of German influence, and, reaching Uganda in early 1890, Peters concluded a treaty with the king of that country in favour of Germany. The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa.

He left Uganda hastily on the approach of a representative of the Imperial British East Africa Company, and on reaching Zanzibar learned that his treaty was useless, as an agreement between Germany and Great Britain had been come to whereby Uganda was left in the British sphere. The Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEAC was the administrator of British East Africa, which was the forerunner of the East Africa Protectorate, later Zanzibar ( is part of the East African republic of Tanzania. It consists of the Zanzibar Archipelago in the The Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty (Helgoland-Sansibar-Vertrag was an 1890 agreement between the United Kingdom and the German Empire - hence also Anglo-German

While Peters toured the Interior the empire of his company collapsed when the coastal population rose against the implementation of the lease agreement between the Sultan and the Germans. The German government had to intervene and took over the possessions as a colony.

On his return to Germany Peters was received with great honours, and in 1891 published an account of his expedition entitled Die deutsche Emin Pasha Expedition, which was translated into English. In 1891 he went out again to East Africa as imperial high commissioner for the Kilimanjaro district, and in 1892 was one of the commissioners for delimiting the Anglo-German boundary in that region.

In the same time Peters by his brutal behaviour against the local population provoked an uprising which was to cost him his office. He used local girls as concubines. When he discovered that his lover Jagodja had an affair with his man-servant he had both of them hanged and their home villages destroyed. This provoked resistance by the local Chagga people and necessitated costly military action. The Chaga (also called Wachaga, Chagga, Jagga, Dschagga, Waschagga, or Wachagga) are Bantu speaking Peters was recalled to Berlin and employed in the colonial office from 1893 to 1895. During this time official accusations were brought against him of excesses in his treatment of the native population, and after three investigations had been held he was, in 1897, deprived of his commission for misuse of official power losing all his pension benefits.

Peters evaded the final sentence by removing to London, where he occupied himself in schemes for exploiting parts of Rhodesia and Portuguese East Africa. Rhodesia was the name adopted when the formerly British colony of Southern Rhodesia declared itself independent ( Unilateral Declaration of Independence Mozambique was a string of Portuguese overseas colonies and later a Portuguese overseas province along the south-east African coast which now form the republic of Mozambique In the interests of a company he formed, Peters explored the Fura district and Macombes country on the Zambezi, where in 1899 he discovered ruins of ancient cities and deserted gold mines. He returned in 1901 and gave an account of his explorations in Im Goldland des Altertums (The Eldorado of the Ancients) (1902). In 1905 he again visited the region between the Zambezi and Sabi rivers. The Zambezi (also spelled Zambesi) is the fourth-longest River in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa

Besides the books already mentioned and some smaller treatises Peters published a philosophic work entitled Willenswelt und Weltwille (1883), and a disquisition on early gold production entitled Das goldene Ophir Salomo's (1895), translated into English in 1898.

Among colonial minded circles in Germany he was feted as a national hero. Kaiser Wilhelm II by personal decree bestowed upon him the right to use the title of an Imperial Commissioner again and gave him a pension from his personal budget while his sentence by the disciplinary court remained in force. Peters was officially rehabilitated by personal decree of Adolf Hitler 20 years after his death when the Nazis had discovered him as an ideological relative. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German

Critical voices among the Social Democrats and Catholics in the Reichstag called Peters a butcher and a national shame. The Reichstag ( German for "Imperial Diet " was the Parliament of the Holy Roman Empire, the North German Confederation, One of his constant nicknames in the critical press was "Hänge-Peters" (translate as "Hangman-Peters").

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This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone

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