Citizendia
Your Ad Here

For other uses, see Kano (disambiguation).
Kano
Kano seen from Dala Hill
Kano seen from Dala Hill
Kano (Nigeria )
Kano
Kano
Map of Nigeria showing the location of Kano
Coordinates: 12°00′N 8°31′E / 12, 8.517
State Kano State
Government
 - Governor Ibrahim Shekarau (ANPP)
Population (2007)
 - Total 3,848,885
  estimated [1]
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+1)

Kano is the administrative center of the Kano State and the third largest city in Nigeria, in terms of geographical size, after Ibadan and Lagos. Kano State is a state located in North-Western Nigeria. Created on May 27 1967 from part of the Northern Region, Kano state borders A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Ibrahim Shekarau (born November 5, 1955) has been Governor of Kano State in Nigeria since 29 May 2003. The All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP is a Conservative Political party in Nigeria. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Kano State is a state located in North-Western Nigeria. Created on May 27 1967 from part of the Northern Region, Kano state borders A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Ibadan (Ìlú Èbá-Ọdàn the town at the junction the savannah and the forest the Capital of Oyo State, is the third largest city Lagos ( pron ˈleɪgɒs or /ˈlɑːgoʊs/ overseas is the most populous Conurbation in Nigeria with In population, it is the second most populous city (with a population of 3,848,885) in the country after Lagos. The city's traditional ruler is the Emir of Kano, and the current Emir, Ado Bayero, has been on the throne since 1963. The Emir of Kano is the traditional ruler of the Nigerian city of Kano, capital of the modern Kano State. Ado Bayero (born 25 July 1930 in Kano) is the current Emir of Kano in Nigeria, having held the position since 1963

Contents

History

Foundation and Hausa rule

1850 steel engraving of Kano
1850 steel engraving of Kano

In the seventh century, Dalla Hill, a hill in Kano, was the site of a group of a community that engaged in iron-working; it is unknown whether these were Hausa people or speakers of Niger-Congo languages. Steel engraving, is a commercial Engraving technique for printing Illustrations based on steel instead of copper Dalla Hill (also spelled Dala is a hill in Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. The Hausa are a Sahelian people chiefly located in the West African regions of northern Nigeria and southeastern Niger. [2] Kano was originally known as Dalla, after the hill, and was referred to as such as late as the end of the fifteenth century and the beginning of the sixteenth by Bornoan sources. The Bornu Empire (1396-1893 was a medieval African state of Niger from 1389 to 1893 [3] The Kano Chronicle identifies Barbushe, a priest of a Dalla Hill spirit, as the city's first settler. The Kano Chronicle is a written account of the History of the Hausa people who inhabit northern Nigeria. (Elizabeth Isichei notes that the description of Barbushe is similar to those of Sao people. The Sao or So were an African civilisation that flourished from ca )[4]

According to the Kano Chronicle, Bagauda, a grandson of the mythical hero Bayajidda,[5] became the first king of Kano in 999, reigning until 1063. Bayajidda ( Hausa: Bàyā̀jiddà also known as Abuyazidu) is a character from the mythology of the Hausa people of northern Nigeria and the [6] (Small chiefdoms were previously present in the area. )[7] His grandson Gijimasu (1095-1134), the third king, began building city walls at the foot of Dalla Hill, and his own son, Tsaraki (1136-1194), the fifth king, completed them during his reign. [7]

Gate to the Gidan Rumfa in 2005
Gate to the Gidan Rumfa in 2005

Muhammad Rumfa ascended to the throne in 1463 and reigned until 1499. The Gidan Rumfa is the palace of the Emir of Kano. Located in Kano, Kano State, Nigeria, the complex underwent a major expansion by Muhammad Muhammad Rumfa was Emir of the Hausa city-state Kano, located in modern-day Kano State, northern Nigeria. During his reign, he reformed the city, expanded the Sahelian Gidan Rumfa (Emir's Palace), and played a role in the further Islamization of the city,[8] as he urged prominent residents to convert. The Sudano-Sahelian is an Architectural style common in the Sahel. The Gidan Rumfa is the palace of the Emir of Kano. Located in Kano, Kano State, Nigeria, the complex underwent a major expansion by Muhammad [9] The Kano Chronicle attributes a total of twelve "innovations" to Rumfa. [10]

According to the Kano Chronicle, the thirty-seventh Sarkin Kano (King of Kano) was Mohammed Sharef (1703–1731). The following is a list of rulers of Kano, a city and emirate in northern Nigeria. His successor, Kumbari dan Sharefa (1731–1743), engaged in major battles with Sokoto. Kumbari dan Sharefa (reigned 1731–1743 was a Hausa King ( Sarkin) of Kano. Sokoto is a city located in the extreme northwest of Nigeria, near to where the Sokoto River and Rima River meet

Fulani conquest and rule

See also: Fulani Jihad

At the beginning of the 19th century, Fulani Islamic leader Usman dan Fodio led a jihad against Kano, removing its Hausa king and reforming the government and religious authority. The Fulani War of 1804 - 1810, also known as the Fulani Jihad or Jihad of Usman dan Fodio, was a military conquest in present day Nigeria The Fula or Fulbe or Fulani (the latter being an Anglicisation of the word in their language Fulɓe) are an ethnic group of Shaihu Usman dan Fodio (عثمان بن فودي ، عثمان دان فوديو‎ (also referred to as Shaikh Usman Ibn Fodio, Shehu Uthman Dan Fuduye or Shehu Usman dan Fodio Jihad (جهاد ʤɪhæːd an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. [11] Since then the Fulani emirs have remained traditional leaders of Kano. [12]

The city suffered famines from 1807-10, in the 1830s, 1847, 1855, 1863, 1873, 1884, and from 1889 until 1890. [13]

From 1893 until 1895, two rival claimants for the throne fought a civil war, or Basasa. With the help of royal slaves, Yusufu was victorious over Tukur, and claimed the title of emir. [14]

British colonization and rule

British forces captured Kano in 1903 and made it the administrative centre of Northern Nigeria. Northern Nigeria is a geographical region of Nigeria. It is more arid and has less population density than the south It was replaced as the centre of government by Kaduna, and only regained administrative significance with the creation of Kano State following Nigerian independence. Kaduna is the state capital of Kaduna State in north-central Nigeria.

From 1913 to 1914, as the groundnut business was expanding, Kano suffered a major drought, which caused a famine. A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply [15] Other famines during British rule occurred in 1908, 1920, 1927, 1943, 1951, 1956, and 1958. [13]

By 1922, groundnut trader Alhassan Dantata had become the richest businessman in Kano, surpassing fellow merchants Umaru Sharubutu Koki and Maikano Agogo. Alhassan Dantata (1877- August 17, 1955) was a northern Nigerian Kola nut trader and the wealthiest man in West Africa at [16]

In May of 1953, an inter-ethnic riot arose due to southern newspapers misreporting on the nature of a disagreement between northern and southern politicians in the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives of Nigeria is the Lower house of the country's Bicameral National Assembly. [17] Thousands of Nigerians of southern origin died as a result of the riot. [18]

Post-independence history

Ado Bayero became Emir of Kano in 1963. Ado Bayero (born 25 July 1930 in Kano) is the current Emir of Kano in Nigeria, having held the position since 1963

In December 1980, radical preacher Mohammed Marwa Maitatsine led riots in Kano. Mohammed Marwa Maitatsine (died 1980 was an Islamic scholar in Nigeria. He was killed by security forces, but his followers later started uprisings in other northern cities. [19]

After the introduction of sharia in Kano State in 2000, many Christians left the city. [20] 100 people were killed in riots over the sharia issue during October of 2001. [12]

In November 2007, political violence broke out in the city after the People's Democratic Party (PDP) accused the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) of rigging the November 17, 2007 local government elections. The People's Democratic Party is a Centrist Political party in Nigeria. The All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP is a Conservative Political party in Nigeria. [21] (The ANPP won in 36 of the state's 44 Local Government Areas. )[22] Hundreds of youths took to the streets, over 300 of whom were arrested; at least 25 people were killed. Buildings set on fire include a sharia police station, an Islamic centre, and a council secretariat. 280 federal soldiers were deployed around the city. [23]

Demographics

Kano is largely Muslim. The majority of Kano Muslims are Sunni, though a minorty adhere to the Shia branch (see Shia in Nigeria). Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic Though the majority of the Nigerian muslim population is Sunni, there is a significant Shia minority particularly in the states of Kano and Sokoto Christians and followers of other non-Muslim religions form a small part of the population, and traditionally lived in the Sabon Gari, or Foreign Quarter. A Sabon Gari (strangers' quarters or literally new town in the Hausa language, plural Sabon Garuruwa) is a section of cities and town in Northern Christians alone comprise about 1% of the population. [12]

Layout and geography

Kano is situated at 12°00′N 8°31′E. [24] It has long been the economic centre of northern Nigeria, and a centre for the production and export of groundnuts. Kano houses the Bayero University and a railway station with trains to Lagos routed through Kaduna, while Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport lies nearby. Bayero University Kano (BUK is a university situated in Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport is located in Kano, a city in the Kano State of Nigeria. Because Kano is north of the rail junction at Kaduna, it has equal access to the seaports at Lagos and Port Harcourt. Port Harcourt is the Capital city of Rivers State, Nigeria. It lies along the Bonny River

Formerly walled, most of the gates to the Old City survive. See also List of cities with defensive walls A defensive wall is a Fortification used to defend a city or settlement from potential aggressors The Old City houses the vast Kurmi Market, known for its crafts, while old dye pits – still in use – lie nearby. The Kurmi Market is a large Market in the city of Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. A craft is a Skill, especially involving practical arts. It may refer to a Trade or particular art Also in the Old City are the Emir's Palace, the Great Mosque, and the Gidan Makama Mosque. The Great Mosque of Kano is a Mosque in Kano, the capital of Kano State and second most populous city in Nigeria.

Elaborately dressed horseman returns after paying tribute to Emir of Kano during the Durbar of October 2006
Elaborately dressed horseman returns after paying tribute to Emir of Kano during the Durbar of October 2006

Kano has six districts. They are the Old City, Bompai, Fagge, Sabon Gari, Syrian Quarter, and Nassarawa. [25]

As of November 2007, there are plans to establish an information technology park in the city. Information technology ( IT) as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA is "the study design development implementation support [26]

Durbar Festival

The Emir of Kano hosts a Durbar to mark and celebrate the two annual Muslim festivals and Eid-El-Fitr (to mark the end of the Holy Month of Ramadan) and Eid-el-Kabir (to mark the Haj Holy Pilgrimage). Ramadan or Ramazan ( Arabic: رمضان Ramaḍān) is a Muslim religious observance that takes place during the ninth month of the Islamic The Haj is a novel published in 1984 by American author Leon Uris about a Palestinian Arab family caught up in the area’s historic events of The Durbar culminates in a procession of highly elaborately dressed horsemen who pass through the city to the Emir's palace. Once assembled near the palace, groups of horsemen, each group representing a nearby village, take it in turns to charge towards the Emir, pulling up just feet in front of the seated dignitaries to offer their respect and allegiance.

References

  1. ^ "The World Gazetteer". Retrieved on 2007-04-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus
  2. ^ Iliffe, John (2007). Africans: The History of a Continent. Cambridge University Press, 75. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 ISBN 0521864380.  
  3. ^ Nast, Heidi J (2005). Concubines and Power: Five Hundred Years in a Northern Nigerian Palace. University of Minnesota Press, 60. ISBN 0816641544.  
  4. ^ Isichei, Elizabeth (1997). A History of African Societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press, 234. ISBN 0521455995.  
  5. ^ Okehie-Offoha, Marcellina; Matthew N. O. Sadiku (December 1995). Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Nigeria. Africa World Press, 40. ISBN 978-0865432833.  
  6. ^ "Kano". Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc is an American company best known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously-published  
  7. ^ a b Ki-Zerbo, Joseph (1998). Joseph Ki-Zerbo ( June 21, 1922 – December 4, 2006, Burkina Faso) was a Burkinabé politician and writer UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. IV, Abridged Edition: Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century. University of California Press, 107. University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a Publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in Academic ISBN 0520066995.  
  8. ^ Caravans Across the Desert: Marketplace. AFRICA: One Continent. Many Worlds. . Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-05-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
  9. ^ 50 Greatest Africans - Sarki Muhammad Rumfa & Emperor Semamun. When We Ruled. Every Generation Media. Retrieved on 2007-05-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John
  10. ^ Nast, p. 61
  11. ^ Ado-Kurawa, Ibrahim. Brief History of Kano 999 to 2003. Kano State Website. Retrieved on 2007-07-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre.
  12. ^ a b c "Kano: Nigeria's ancient city-state", BBC online, BBC, 2004-05-20. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Retrieved on 2007-07-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre.  
  13. ^ a b Milich, Lee (1997-07-17). Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Food Security in Pre-Colonial Hausaland. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death
  14. ^ Stilwell, Sean (2000). "Power, Honour and Shame: The Ideology of Royal Slavery in the Sokoto Caliphate". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, 70 (3): 394-421. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh University Press is a University publisher that is part of the University of Edinburgh in Edinburgh, Scotland. doi:10.2307/1161067. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
  15. ^ Christelow, Allan (1987). "Property and Theft in Kano at the Dawn of the Groundnut Boom, 1912-1914". The International Journal of African Historical Studies 20 (2): 225-243. Boston University African Studies Center. For similarly-named academic institutions see Education in Boston MA. doi:10.2307/219841. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
  16. ^ Dan-Asabe, Abdulkarim Umar (November 2000). "Biography of Select Kano Merchants, 1853-1955". FAIS Journal of Humanities 1 (2).  
  17. ^ Ernest E. , Uwazie; Isaac Olawale Albert and G. N. Uzoigwe (1999). "The Role of Communication in the Escalation of Ethnic and Religious Conflicts", Inter-Ethnic and Religious Conflict Resolution in Nigeria. Lexington Books, 20. ISBN 0739100335.  
  18. ^ Uwazie et al. , p. 73
  19. ^ Hunwick, John Owen; Ibrahim Gambari (chapter author) (1992). Ibrahim Agboola Gambari, CFR (born on November 24, 1944 in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria) is a Nigerian scholar and diplomat "The Role of Religion in National Life: Reflections on Recent Experiences in Nigeria", Religion and National Integration in Africa: Islam, Christianity and Politics in the Sudan and Nigeria. Northwestern University Press, 90. Northwestern University Press is the University press of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, USA. ISBN 0810110377.  
  20. ^ "Nigeria's Kano state celebrates Sharia", BBC News, 2000-06-21. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Retrieved on 2007-11-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani  
  21. ^ "Army patrols Kano after clashes", News. BBC. com, BBC News, 2007-11-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2007-11-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem.  
  22. ^ Karofi, Hassan A; Halima Musa. "ANPP Sweeps Kano LG Polls", Daily Trust online, 2007-11-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2007-11-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem.  
  23. ^ Shuaibu, Ibrahim. "Kano Death Toll Rises to 25", Thisday online, Leaders & Company, 2007-11-21. THISDAY is a Nigerian national Newspaper. It is the flagship newspaper of Leaders & Company Ltd and was first published on January 22 Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Retrieved on 2007-11-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem.  
  24. ^ "The Fallingrain.com Gazetteer". Retrieved on 2007-04-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus
  25. ^ "Kano". Encyclopædia Britannica. The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc (2007). Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc is an American company best known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously-published  
  26. ^ "Nigerian city of Kano plans IT park", Panapress, Afriquenligne, 2007-11-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani Retrieved on 2007-11-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1333 - Flood of the Arno River, causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani  

Further reading

External links

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic