Kabardino-Balkar Republic (English) Кабардино-Балкарская Республика (Russian) Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ (Kabardian) Къабарты-Малкъар Республика (Balkar)
Location of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in Russia
Coat of Arms	Flag
Coat of arms of Kabardino-Balkaria	Flag of Kabardino-Balkaria
Anthem: National Anthem of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic
Capital	Nalchik
Established	January 5, 1936
Political status Federal district Economic region	Republic Southern North Caucasus
Code	07
Area
Area - Rank within Russia	12,500 km² 78th
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population - Rank within Russia - Density - Urban - Rural	901,494 inhabitants 60th 72. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's Nalchik (На́льчик Kabardian: Налшык Balkar: Нальчик is a city in the Caucasus region of southern Russia Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal This article is about an administrative division of the federal government of Russia Russia is divided into twelve economic regions (экономи́ческие райо́ны ekonomicheskiye rayony, sing The Russian Federation is divided into 83  federal subjects (constituent units 21 of which are Republics. Southern Federal District ( Russian: Ю́жный федера́льный о́круг tr North Caucasus economic region (Се́веро-Кавка́зский экономи́ческий райо́н tr Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Russia 's area is about 17 million square kilometers (65 million sq Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried 1 inhab.  / km² 56. 6% 43. 4%
Official languages	Russian, Kabardian, Balkar
Government
President	Arsen Kanokov
Chairman of the Government	Andrey Yarin
Legislative body	Parliament
Constitution	Constitution of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic
Official website

The Kabardino-Balkar Republic (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рская Респу́блика; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ; Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика), or Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), is a federal subject of Russia located in the North Caucasus. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe people) both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family mainly The Karachay-Balkar language (Къарачай-Малкъар /Qarachay-Malqar/ is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars. Arsen Bashirovich Kanokov ( Kabardian: Къанокъуэ Арсен Qanoque Arsen; Russian: Арсен Баширович Каноков born February A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation The term basic law is used in some places as an alternative to " Constitution " implying it is a temporary but necessary measure without formal enactment A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The Russian Federation is divided into 83  federal subjects (constituent units 21 of which are Republics. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe people) both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family mainly The Karachay-Balkar language (Къарачай-Малкъар /Qarachay-Malqar/ is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The North Caucasus, also Ciscaucasus, Ciscaucasia or Forecaucasia, is the northern part of the Caucasus region between Europe The direct romanization of the republic's name in the Russian language is Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika, or Kabardino-Balkariya. The Romanization of the Russian alphabet is the process of transliterating the Russian language from the Cyrillic alphabet and Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages

Geography

The republic is situated in the North Caucasus mountains, with plains in the northern part.

• Area: 12,500 km²
• Borders:
  • internal: Stavropol Krai (N/NE), Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (E/SE/S), Karachay-Cherkess Republic (W/NW)
  • international: Georgia (S/SW)
• Highest point: Mount Elbrus (5,642 m)
• Maximum N->S distance: 167 km
• Maximum E->W distance: 123 km

Time zone

Kabardino-Balkaria is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). Stavropol Krai (Ставропо́льский край Stavropolsky kray) is a federal subject of Russia (a Krai) The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (Респу́блика Се́верная Осе́тия–Ала́ния Ossetic: Республикӕ Цӕгат Ирыстон — Алани Karachay-Cherkess Republic (Карача́ево-Черке́сская респу́блика Karachay-Balkar: Къарачай-Черкес Республика Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between Mount Elbrus (Эльбрус is a Mountain located in the western Caucasus Mountain range, in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia Moscow Time (Моско́вское вре́мя is the Time zone for the city of Moscow, Russia and most of western Russia including Saint Petersburg UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).

Rivers

Major rivers include:

• Terek River (623 km)
• Malka River (216 km)
• Cherek River (131 km)
• Chegem River (102 km)
• Argudan River
• Baksan River
• Kurkuzhin River
• Lesken River
• Urukh River

Lakes

Detailed map of Kabardino-Balkaria. The Terek River (Терек თერგი Tergi; Терек Terek, Chechen, Терк Terk) is a major River in the Malka River (Малка also known as Balyksu River (Балыксу is a river in Kabardino-Balkaria in Russia, Terek 's left tributary

There are around one hundred lakes in the Republic, none of which are large. Just over half (fifty-five) are located between the Baksan and Malka Rivers, the largest each of an area of no more than 0. 01 km². Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Some of the lakes are:

• Tserikkel Lake (area 26,000 m²; depth 368 m)
• Lower Goluboye Lake
• Kel-Ketchen Lake (depth 177 m)
• Upper Goluboye Lake (depth 18 m)
• Sekretnoye Lake
• Tambukan Lake (area 1. M^2 redirects here For other uses see M². CM2 redirects here The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Tambukan Lake (Тамбукан is a Lake with bitter-salt water on Northern Caucasus in Stavropol Krai (about 33% surface and the Karachay-Cherkess 77 km²; depth 1. 5 to 2 m), partially within Stavropol Krai.

Mountains

Mount Elbrus, the highest peak of the North Caucasus and Europe, is located in the republic. Mount Elbrus (Эльбрус is a Mountain located in the western Caucasus Mountain range, in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia Other major mountains include:

• Mount Dykhtau (5,402 m)
• Mount Koshkhatau (5,151 m)
• Mount Shkhara (5,068 m)
• Pushkin Peak (5,033 m)
• Mount Mizhergi (5,025 m)

Natural resources

Kabardino-Balkaria's natural resources include molybdenum, tungsten ores, and coal. Dykh-Tau or Dykhtau (Дыхтау is a Mountain located in Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia; its peak stands about 5 km (3 mi Koshtan-Tau (Коштан-тау (also Mount Koshkhatau) is the highest peak of the Koshtan Massif of the central Caucasus Mountains in the Kabardino-Balkaria Shkhara (შხარა Шхара is the highest point in the nation of Georgia. Molybdenum (məˈlɪbdənəm from the Greek word for the metal " Lead " is a Group 6 Chemical element with the symbol Mo Tungsten (ˈtʌŋstən also known as wolfram (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ is a Chemical element that has the symbol W and Atomic number 74

Climate

The republic has a continental type climate.

• Average January temperature: -4°C (plains) to -12°C (mountains).
• Average July temperature: +23°C (plains) to +4°C (mountains)
• Average annual precipitation: 500-2,000 mm. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Kabardino-Balkaria

Demographics

• Population: 901,494 (2002)
  • Urban: 510,346 (56. 6%)
  • Rural: 391,148 (43. 4%)
  • Male: 422,720 (46. 9%)
  • Female: 478,774 (53. 1%)
• Females per 1000 males: 1,133
• Average age: 30. 9 years
  • Urban: 32. 4 years
  • Rural: 29. 0 years
  • Male: 29. 1 years
  • Female: 32. 8 years
• Number of households: 227,922 (with 891,783 people)
  • Urban: 144,872 (with 504,085 people)
  • Rural: 83,050 (with 387,698 people)
• Vital statistics (2005)
  • Births: 8,991 (birth rate 10. 0)
  • Deaths: 9,034 (death rate 10. 1)
• Ethnic groups

Kabardino-Balkaria consists of two ethnic territories, one predominantly of Kabardin (speakers of a North-West Caucasian language) and the other predominantly Balkars (speakers of a Turkic language). Kabarda or Kabard are terms referring to a people of the northern Caucasus more commonly known by the plural term Kabardin (or Kebertei The Northwest Caucasian languages, also called Pontic, Circassian, or Abkhaz-Adyghe, are a group of languages spoken in the Caucasus region The Balkars ( Karachay-Balkar: sg малкъар - malqar, pl The Turkic languages constitute a Language family of some thirty languages spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the According to the 2002 Census, Kabardin make up 55. Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried 3% of the republic's population, followed by Russians (25. The Russian people (Русские— Russkie) are an East Slavic Ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries 1%) and Balkars (11. 6%). Other groups include Ossetians (9,845, or 1. The Ossetians (ирæттæ irættæ are an Iranic Ethnic group indigenous to Ossetia, a region that spans the Caucasus Mountains 1%), Turks (8,770, or 1. The Turkish people (Türk Halkı also known as " Turks " ( Türkler) are defined mainly as being speakers of Turkish as a First language 0%), Ukrainians (7,592, or 0. Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens 8%), Armenians (5,342, or 0. The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large 6%), Koreans (4,722, or 0. The Korean people are an East Asian Ethnic group. Most Koreans speak the Korean language. 5%), Chechens (4,241, or 0. Chechens ( Chechen: Hохчи / Noxçi) constitute the largest native Ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus region 5%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0. 5% of the total population.

History

Main article: History of Kabardino-Balkaria

Politics

The head of government in Kabardino-Balkaria is the President. The Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in the Caucasus region The current President is Arsen Kanokov, who has held the position since September 2005. Arsen Bashirovich Kanokov ( Kabardian: Къанокъуэ Арсен Qanoque Arsen; Russian: Арсен Баширович Каноков born February

The parliament of the Repubilc is the Legislative Assembly comprising two chambers with 36 deputies elected for a five year term each—the Council of the Republic and the Council of Representatives. TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those

The Constitution of Kabardino-Balkaria was adopted on September 1, 1997. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

Economy

The economy of Kabardino-Balkaria is primarily agricultural, with lumber production and mining. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body Most of the industry centers on agricultural processing. The fall of the Soviet Union and the outbreak of the various conflicts in the Caucasus have hit the republic hard, causing a collapse in tourism in the region and producing an unemployment level estimated to be as high as 90%. The Soviet Union 's collapse into independent nations began early in 1985 Poverty is reported to be an endemic problem in the republic.

See also

• Caucasian Avars
• Bulgars
• Mount Imeon

External links

• (Russian) Official website of the President of the Republic
• (Russian) Kabardino-Balkaria Online
• (English) Kabardino-Balkaria information and photo gallery
• (English) Images of Kabardino-Balkaria
• (English) [1]