| South Point Complex | |
|---|---|
| (U.S. National Historic Landmark) | |
 |
|
| Location: | Big Island of Hawaii |
| Nearest city: | Nā'ālehu |
| Added to NRHP: | October 15, 1966 |
| NRHP Reference#: | 66000291 |
| Governing body: | United States Government |
Ka Lae ("the point" in Hawaiian), also known as South Point, is the southernmost point on the island of Hawaiʻi and in the state of Hawaii. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the The Island of Hawaii, also called the Big Island or Hawaii Island, is a volcanic Island in the U Nāālehu (literally "the volcanic ashes" in Hawaiian) is a Census-designated place in Hawai{{okina}}i County Hawai{{okina}}i. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Hawaiian language (Hawaiian ‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i) is an Austronesian language that takes its name from Hawai'i, the largest island in the tropical The Island of Hawaii, also called the Big Island or Hawaii Island, is a volcanic Island in the U The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the It is the southernmost point of the 50 United States. This is a list of the extreme points of the United States, the points that are farther north south east or west than any other location in the country The Ka Lae area is registered as a National Historic Landmark District. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the
A confluence of ocean currents just offshore makes this spot one of Hawaii's most popular fishing spots. An ocean current is continuous directed movement of Ocean water. For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. Both red snapper and ulua are plentiful here. The red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, is a Reef fish found off the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of The Americas and the Locals fish from the cliffs, some dangling perilously over the edge of steep lava ledges. Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures Swimming here, however, is not recommended, due to the current. In fact, it is called the "Halaea Current", named after a chief who was carried off to his death. [1]
The confluence of currents also means the area is prone to accumulation of marine debris. Most of this coastline is very remote and difficult to access, and is probably the most debris-littered coast in the state, primarily due to its difficult access for debris removal. This debris poses an entanglement threat to wildlife and may refloat during storms. The shoreline is used by Hawaiian Monk Seals and hatchling Hawksbill turtles, both endangered species. The Hawaiian monk seal, Monachus schauinslandi, is an endangered Earless seal that is endemic to the waters off of the Hawaiian Islands The hawksbill turtle ( Eretmochelys imbricata) is a Critically endangered Sea turtle belonging to the family Cheloniidae. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming Extinct because it is either few in numbers or threatened by changing environmental or predation Efforts to clean the coastline are organized by the Hawaii Wildlife Fund in conjunction with the NOAA. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the [2]
Ka Lae is the site of one of the earliest Hawaiian settlements and it is speculated that this is where the Polynesians first landed because the Big Island is the closest of the Hawaiian Islands to Tahiti, and Ka Lae would be the first landfall. Ancient Hawaii refers to the period of Hawaiian history preceding the unification of the Kingdom of Hawai'i by Kamehameha the Great in 1810. Polynesia (from Greek: πολύς many, νῆσος island) is a Subregion of Oceania, comprising a large grouping of over The Hawaiian Islands, once known as the Sandwich Islands, form an Archipelago of 19 Islands and Atolls numerous smaller Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the [3] Ruins of a heiau and a fishing shrine can be found here. A heiau is a Hawaiian Temple. At least nine types of heiau existed including heiau for treating the sick ( heiau hōola) for offering first fruits In addition, ancient Hawaiians drilled numerous holes in the rock ledges to use for mooring their canoes. Tying long ropes to their boats, they would drift out to sea to fish without fear of being carried away by the strong currents. [4] Evidence suggests that people have been in the area since A. D. 200. [1]
The area is also known for its strong winds and is the home of a wind farm. A wind farm is a group of Wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power Some trees are almost horizontal with their branches all growing in the same direction near the ground.
Ka Lae is accessible via South Point Rd. , a 20-mile (32 km) tarmac road leading from State Highway 11, the turn off being about 7 miles (11 km) west of the village of Nā'ālehu. Tarmac (short for tarmacadam, a Portmanteau for Tar -penetration Macadam) is a type of highway surface, pioneered by John HI-19svg|100px|right]]The Hawaii Belt Road is an alternate name for the Māmalahoa Highway and consists of Hawai{{okina}}i State Highways,, and that encircles Nāālehu (literally "the volcanic ashes" in Hawaiian) is a Census-designated place in Hawai{{okina}}i County Hawai{{okina}}i. The Kamaoa and Pakini Nui Wind Farms are located alongside the road, as well as the large shortwave radio antennas of KWHR and a 13-meter parabolic antenna of the Universal Space Network. Shortwave Radio operates between the frequencies of 3000 KHz (3 The parabolic antenna is a high-gain reflector antenna used for radio television and data communications and also for radiolocation ( RADAR) on the UHF and A fork is at the end of the tarmac road, with one dirt road leading to Ka Lae and the other to Green Sands Beach. Papakolea Beach (also known as Green Sand Beach, Mahana Beach and erroneously Puu Mahana) is a green sand beach located at South Point, in
Wind farms
The Kamaoa Wind Farm consisted of thirty-seven Mitsubishi 250 kW wind turbines with an operationally typical total peak output of 7. A wind farm is a group of Wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power The watt (symbol W) is the SI derived unit of power, equal to one Joule of energy per Second. A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the Kinetic energy in Wind into Mechanical energy. 5 MW. As of 2006 the turbines were falling into disrepair, and they were finally shut down on August 15, 2006. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. At the end of August 2006, components for a new set of wind turbines were transported to South Point - the Pakini Nui project consists of 14 General Electric wind turbines constructed about 1. 5 miles (2. 4 km) from the old Kamaoa wind farm. Completed in April 2007, Pakini Nui supplies up to 20. 5 MW of power to the island electricity grid. Electricity distribution is the penultimate stage in the delivery (before retail) of Electricity to end users At late 2006 levels, this would be about 6. 5% of the total 300 MW Big Island electricity supply.
References
- ^ a b Kaʻu. Coffee Times.
- ^ Marine Debris Removal from the Waiohinu-Ka Lae Coast Hawaii Island. Marine Debris Program. NOAA (September 18, 2006). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the
- ^ Ka Lae, Ka'u, Kailua-Kona. Kailua-Kona Travel Guide. Virtual Tourist (October 5, 2002).
- ^ Bendure, Glenda; Friary, Ned (September 1997). "Hawaii — The Big Island", Hawaii, 4th ed. , Australia: Lonely Planet, 327–28. Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP) is one of the largest travel Guidebook publishers in the world ISBN 0-86442-489-2.
External links
- Ka Lae is at coordinates Coordinates:
- Pictures of Ka Lae
- Pictures of the Ka Lae Light
- Kamaoa Wind Farm
- KHWR station record
- Universal Space Network
- History of Wind Energy Projects in Hawaii
- The Drive to South Point (Ka Lae)
- American Wind Energy Association, Hawaii projects
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