For other Roman women named Julia Caesaris, see Julia Caesaris. Julia Caesaris ( Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS is the name of all women in the Julii Caesares Patrician family (a subdivision of the

Julia Caesaris (Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS) was the daughter of Gaius Julius Caesar the dictator, by his first wife, Cornelia Cinna, and his only child in marriage. Classical Latin is the form of the Latin language used by the ancient Romans in what is usually regarded as "classical" Latin literature. A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute Cornelia Cinna minor (94 BC&ndash 69 BC or 68 BC daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna (one of the great leaders of the Marian party)and a sister to suffect consul ^[1] Julia became the fourth wife of Pompey the Great and was renowned for her beauty and virtue. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation

Contents 1 Life 2 Chronology 3 Cultural depictions of Julia 3.1 Fiction 3.2 Television 4 Notes 5 References 5.1 Primary sources 5.2 Secondary sources

Life

Julia was born around 83 BC–82 BC. Year 83 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla returns to Italy from his campaigns Year 82 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla defeats Samnite allies of ^[2] After her mother died in childbirth around 69 BC^[3]–68 BC^[2], she was raised by her paternal grandmother Aurelia Cotta. Year 69 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus Year 68 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Caecilius Metellus Aurelia Cotta or Aurelia (120 BC-54 BC was the mother of dictator Gaius Julius Caesar. Her father wanted her to marry Faustus Cornelius Sulla, but she got engaged to a certain Quintus Servilius Caepio. Faustus Cornelius Sulla (78 BC-47 BC was a Roman senator. Faustus was eldest surviving son of the Dictator of Rome Lucius Cornelius Sulla, born in ^[4] Caesar broke off this engagement and married her to Pompey in April 59 BC, with whom Caesar sought a strong political alliance in forming the First Triumvirate. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Year 59 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Gaius Julius Caesar and See also the First Triumvirate (Argentina which came to power in 1811 This family-alliance of its two great chiefs was regarded as the firmest bond between Caesar and Pompey, and was accordingly viewed with much alarm by the oligarchal party in Rome, especially by Marcus Tullius Cicero and Cato the Younger. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Marcus Porcius Catō Uticensis (95 BC&ndash46 BC known as Cato the Younger ( Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather ( Cato the Elder ^{[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]}

Pompey was supposedly infatuated with his bride. The personal charms of Julia were remarkable: she was a woman of beauty and virtue; and although policy prompted her union, and she was twenty-three years younger than her husband, she pos­sessed in Pompey a devoted husband, to whom she was, in return, devotedly attached. ^[12] A rumor suggested that the aging conqueror was losing interest in politics in favor of domestic life with his young wife. In fact, Pompey had been given the governorship of Hispania Ulterior, but had been permitted to remain in Rome to oversee the Roman grain supply as curator annonae, exercising his command through subordinates. During the Roman Republic, Hispania Ulterior (English Further Spain) was a region of Hispania roughly located The Megalopolis of ancient Rome could never be fed entirely from its own surrounding countryside especially as this region was increasingly used to produce fruit vegetables and other ^[13]

Julia died before a breach between her husband and father had become inevitable. ^{[14][15][16][17]} At the election of aediles in 55 BC, Pompey was surrounded by a tumultuous mob, and his gown was sprinkled with blood of the rioters. Year 55 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Marcus Licinius Crassus and A slave carried the stained toga to his house on the Carinae and was seen by Julia. Carinae was an area of ancient Rome. It was one of its most exclusive neighborhoods Imagining that her husband was slain, she fell into premature labour,^[18][19] and her constitution received an irreparable shock. In August of the next year, 54 BC, she died in childbed,^[20] and her infant —a son, according to some writers,^[21][22][23] a daughter, according to others,^[24][25]—survived her only a few days. Year 54 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Appius Claudius Pulcher and ^[26] Caesar was in Britain, according to Seneca,^[27] when he received the tidings of Julia's death. ^[28]

Pompey wished her ashes to repose in his favourite Alban villa, but the Roman people, who loved Julia, determined they should rest in the field of Mars (Campus Martius). The Alban Hills are the site of a quiescent volcanic complex in Italy, located 20 km southeast of Rome and about 24 km north of For the pioneer fortification at Marietta Ohio see Campus Martius Marietta For the park in Detroit Michigan, see Campus Martius Park For permission a special decree of the senate was necessary, and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, one of the consuls of 54 BC, impelled by his hatred to Pompey and Caesar, procured an interdict from the tribunes. For others of this family see Ahenobarbus. Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, consul 54 BC was an enemy of Julius Caesar and a strong supporter Year 54 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Appius Claudius Pulcher and But the popular will prevailed, and, after listening to a funeral oration^[29] in the forum, the people placed her urn in the field of Mars. ^[30] Ten years later the official pyre for Caesar's cremation would be erected near the tomb of his daughter,^[31][32] but the people intervened after the funeral oration by Marcus Antonius and cremated Caesar's body in the Forum. Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark This page refers to the main forum in the center of Rome See Imperial forums or Other forums in Rome (below for other forums in Rome and

After Julia’s death Pompey and Caesar’s alliance began to fade which resulted in Caesar's civil war. The Roman civil war of 49 BC sometimes called Caesar's Civil War, is one of the last conflicts within the Roman Republic. It was remarked, as a singular omen, that on the day Augustus entered the city as Caesar's adoptive son, the monument of Julia was struck by lightning. An omen (also called portent or presage) is a phenomenon that is believed to foretell the Future, often signifying the advent of change Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was ^[33] Caesar himself vowed a ceremony to her manes, which he exhibited in 46 BC as extensive funeral games including gladiatorial combats. In Roman mythology, the Manes were the souls of deceased loved ones Year 46 BC was the last year of the pre-Julian calendar. This year had 445 days due to the errors that had accumulated in the pre-Julian calendar ^[34][35][36] The date of the ceremony was chosen to coincide with the ludi Veneris Genetricis in September 26,^[37] the festival in honor of Venus Genetrix, the divine ancestress of the Julians. Venus was a major Roman Goddess principally associated with Love, Beauty and fertility, the equivalent of the Greek goddess Julius (fem Julia) is the Nomen of the gens Julia, an important Patrician family of Ancient Rome supposed to have descended from ^[38]

Chronology

• 83 BC–82 BC — Julia's birth
• 69 BC–68 BC — Cornelia Cinna (Julia's mother and Caesar's first wife) dies in childbirth
• 59 BC — marriage to Pompey
• 55 BC — Julia has a miscarriage
• 54 BC — Julia dies in childbed, her child only survives a few days

Cultural depictions of Julia

Fiction

• In Dante Alighieri's epic poem The Divine Comedy (14th century), Julia was encountered by Dante in the first circle of Hell, the Limbo (where rest souls who are not in torture, the pagans that lived righteous existences):^[39]

[. Year 83 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla returns to Italy from his campaigns Year 82 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla defeats Samnite allies of Year 69 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus Year 68 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Caecilius Metellus Cornelia Cinna minor (94 BC&ndash 69 BC or 68 BC daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna (one of the great leaders of the Marian party)and a sister to suffect consul Year 59 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Gaius Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Year 55 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Marcus Licinius Crassus and Year 54 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Appius Claudius Pulcher and The Divine Comedy The Divine Comedy . . ] The foremost circle that surrounds the abyss. [. . . ]

[. . . ] I knew, who in that Limbo were suspended. [. . . ]

[. . . ] Lucretia, Julia, Marcia, and Cornelia, [. Lucretia is a legendary figure in the history of the Roman Republic. . . ]

Television

• In Julius Caesar (2002 television movie), the role of young Julia is played by Alexandra Morris,^[40][41] while the role of grown-up Julia is played by Italian actress Nicole Grimaudo. Julius Caesar is a 2002 mini-series about the life of Julius Caesar. Nicole Grimaudo is an actress born on 22 April 1980, in Caltagirone, Sicily, Italy. ^[42]
• Julia's death is portrayed in the premiere episode of HBO's 2005 television series Rome. Rome is a BAFTA, Golden Globe and Emmy -nominated historical drama Television series co-created by John Milius However, Julia actually died in childbirth in 54 BC, at least 2 years before the events of this episode.

Notes

References

Primary sources

• Livy, Periochae. Titus Livius (traditionally 59 BC &ndash AD 17 known as Livy in English, was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome
• Tacitus, Annals. Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (ca 56 &ndash ca 117 was a senator and a Historian of the Roman Empire. The Annals, or in Latin, Annales, is a history book by Tacitus covering the reign of the four Roman Emperors succeeding
• Appian, Civil Wars.
• Cicero
  • Letters to Atticus. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman
  • Oration for Publius Quinctius.
• Plutarch, Parallel Lives
  • Life of Caesar. Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus ( Greek: Μέστριος Πλούταρχος c Plutarch 's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of Plutarch 's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of
  • Life of Pompey. Plutarch 's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of
  • Life of Cato the Younger. Plutarch 's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of
• Suetonius, Life of Julius Caesar. Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius (ca 69/75 &ndash after 130 was an equestrian and a historian during the Roman Empire.
• Seneca, To Marcia, On consolation. Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca, or Seneca the Younger; Σένεκας in Ancient Greek literature (c Ad Marciam de Consolatione ("To Marcia for Consolation" is a work by Seneca the Younger written around 50CE
• Augustine of Hippo, The city of God.
• Valerius Maximus, Factorum et dictorum memorabilium libri iv. Valerius Maximus was a Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes 6. 4

Secondary sources

• This entry incorporates public domain text originally from:
  • William Smith (ed. ), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, 1870.
  • William Smith (ed. Sir William Smith (1813 &ndash 1893 English Lexicographer, was born at Enfield in 1813 of Nonconformist parents ), A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography, 1851.
• Dante Alighieri, The Divine Comedy, translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Boston: Ticknor & Fields, 1867.
• Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton (born 1900 died 17 September 1993) was a Canadian classical scholar and leading Latin prosopographer 2, 132, New York, (1951-1986).
• Matthias Gelzer, Caesar, Politician and Statesman, (translated by Peter Needham), Oxford, 1968.
• John T. Ramsey, A. Lewis Licht, Comet of 44 B.C. and Caesar's Funeral Games, Oxford University Press US, 1997.

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