Dame Judith Anderson
Photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1934
Born	Frances Margaret Anderson-Anderson 10 February 1897(1897-02-10) Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Died	3 January 1992 (aged 94) Santa Barbara, California, U.S.
Spouse(s)	Benjamin Harrison Lehmann (1937-1939) Luther Greene (1946-1951)

Dame Judith Anderson, AC DBE (10 February 1897 – 3 January 1992)^[1] was an Australian Tony award- and Emmy-winning stage and film actor who was also nominated for a Grammy and an Oscar. Carl Van Vechten ( June 17, 1880 &ndash December 21, 1964) was an American Writer and Photographer who was a Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia with a South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Santa Barbara is a city in Santa Barbara County California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. She is generally regarded by theatre critics as the greatest classical actress produced by Australia.

1 Biography
2 See also
- 2.1 References
- 2.2 External links

Biography

Early life

Anderson was born Frances Margaret Anderson-Anderson in Adelaide, South Australia to Jessie Margaret and James Anderson-Anderson. Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia with a South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country ^[2] She attended Norwood High School, and began acting in Australia before moving to New York in 1918. Norwood Morialta High School is a dual-campus high school of over 1400 students ranging from years 8 to 13 New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous ^[3] She established herself as a dramatic actress of note making several appearances in the plays of William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare ( baptised

Stage

Anderson made her professional debut as Francee Anderson in 1915 at the age of 17. She played the role of Stephanie at the Theatre Royal, Sydney, in A Royal Divorce. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 Leading the company was the very popular English actor, Julius Knight whom Anderson later credited with laying the foundations of her acting skills. In the company were some American actors who influenced Francee to try her luck in America. Francee went to California but was unsuccessful, so she tried New York, with equal lack of success. After a period of poverty and illness, she found work with the Emma Bunting Stock Company at the 14th Street Theatre in 1918-19. She toured with other stock companies until 1922 when she made her Broadway debut in On the stairs using the name Frances Anderson. Twelve months later, she had changed her name to Judith and had her first triumph with the play Cobra co-starring Louis Calhern. Cobras ( are venomous Snakes of the family Elapidae, of several genera, but particularly Naja. Louis Calhern ( February 19, 1895 &ndash May 12, 1956) was an American stage and screen actor She toured Australia in 1927 with three plays - Tea for Three, The Green Hat and Cobra.

By the early 1930s she had established herself as one of the greatest theatre actresses of her era and she was a major star on Broadway throughout the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located In 1931, she played the Unknown Woman in the American premiere of Luigi Pirandello's As You Desire Me, filmed the following year with Greta Garbo in the same role. Luigi Pirandello ( June 28, 1867 — December 10, 1936) was an Italian Dramatist Novelist, and short Greta Garbo ( 18 September 1905 &ndash 15 April 1990) was a Swedish-American actress during Hollywood 's This was followed by Eugene O'Neill's Mourning Becomes Electra, Luigi Chiarelli's The Mask and the Face, opposite Humphrey Bogart, Zoe Akins' The Old Maid, in the role later played on film by Bette Davis. Eugene Gladstone O'Neill (October 16 1888–November 27 1953 was a Nobel -prize winning American playwright Mourning Becomes Electra is the title for a trilogy of plays by Eugene O'Neill, first performed in 1931 Luigi Chiarelli ( 7 July 1880 &ndash 20 December 1947) was an Italian Playwright, theatre critic and writer of Short Zoë Akins ( October 30, 1886 – October 29 1958) was an American Playwright. The Old Maid is a 1939 romantic drama film produced by Warner Brothers. Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis (April 5 1908 – October 6 1989 was an American actress of Film, Television and Theatre. In 1936, she played Gertrude to John Gielgud's Hamlet in a production which also featured Lillian Gish as Ophelia. Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH ( 14 April, 1904 – 21 May 2000) known as Sir John Gielgud, was an Hamlet is a Tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601 Lillian Diana Gish ( October 14 1893 – February 27 1993) was an American stage screen and television actress whose

In 1937, she joined the Old Vic Company in London and played Lady Macbeth opposite Laurence Olivier in a production by Michel Saint-Denis, at the Old Vic and the New Theatre. The Old Vic is a Theatre located just south-east of Waterloo Station in London on the corner of The Cut and Waterloo Road. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Lady Macbeth is a character in William Shakespeare play Macbeth. Laurence Kerr Olivier Baron Michel Saint-Denis (1897 &ndash 1971 dit Jacques Duchesne, was a French Actor, Theater director, and Drama theorist The Noël Coward Theatre is a West End theatre on St Martin's Lane in the City of Westminster. In 1941, she played Lady Macbeth again in New York opposite Maurice Evans in a production staged by Margaret Webster, a role she was to reprise later on film. The City of New York Maurice Herbert Evans ( June 3, 1901 - March 12, 1989) was an English Actor who became a US citizen in 1941 Margaret Webster (1905 - 1972 was an American -born Theater Actress, producer and director.

In 1943, she played Olga in Chekhov's Three Sisters, in a production which also featured Katharine Cornell, Ruth Gordon, Edmund Gwenn, Dennis King, Alexander Knox and Kirk Douglas in his Broadway debut. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ( –) (Анто́н Па́влович Че́хов) was a Russian short-story writer and Playwright, considered to be one Three Sisters (Russian Три сестры - Tri sestry is a play written in 1900 and first produced in 1901 by Russian author Anton Chekhov. Katharine Cornell ( February 16 1893 - June 9 1974) was a stage actress writer and theater owner and producer. Ruth Gordon Jones ( October 30, 1896 – August 28, 1985) better known as Ruth Gordon, was an Academy Award - Edmund Gwenn ( September 6 1875 - September 6, 1959) was an Academy Award -winning English Theatre and Dennis King ( November 2, 1897, Coventry - May 21, 1971, New York City) was an English actor and singer You may be looking for Alexander Knox (1757-1831, Irish theologian Alexander Knox ( January 16, 1907 &ndash Kirk Douglas (born Issur Danielovitch; December 9, The production was so illustrious, it made it to the cover of Time. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and

In 1947, she triumphed as Medea in Euripides' tragedy, in a production by John Gielgud who also played Jason. Medea (Μήδεια / Mēdeia) is a tragedy play written by Euripides, based upon the myth of Jason and Medea and first produced Euripides ( Ancient Greek:) (ca 480 BC–406 BC was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens (the other two being Aeschylus She won the Tony Award for Best Actress for her performance. The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented This is a list of the winners and nominations of Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. She toured in this role to Germany in 1951 and to France and Australia in 1955-56. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

In 1953, she was directed by Charles Laughton in his own adaptation of Stephen Vincent Benét's John Brown's Body with a cast also featuring Raymond Massey and Tyrone Power. Charles Laughton ( 1 July, 1899 &ndash 15 December, 1962) was an English Academy Award -winning stage and Stephen Vincent Benét ( July 22, 1898 &ndash March 13, 1943) was an American Author, Poet, Short story For the reggae musical group see John Brown's Body (band. For the epic poem see John Brown's Body (poem "John Raymond Hart Massey ( August 30 1896 &ndash July 29 1983) was a Canadian -born American actor Tyrone Edmund Power Jr (May 5 1914 – November 15 1958 usually credited simply as Tyrone Power and known sometimes as " Ty Power " was an In 1960, she played Madame Arkadina in Chekhov's The Seagull first at the Edinburgh Festival, and then at the Old Vic, with Tom Courtenay, Cyril Luckham and Tony Britton. The Seagull ( Russian: "Чайка" ("Chayka" written in 1895 is the first of what are generally considered to be Anton Chekhov's Edinburgh Festival is a collective term for several simultaneous arts and cultural Festivals which take place during August each year in Edinburgh, Sir Thomas Daniel Courtenay (pronounced "Courtney" born 25 February 1937) is an English Actor who came to prominence in the early Cyril Luckham ( July 25, 1907 - February 8, 1989) was a British film television and theatre Actor. Tony Britton (born Anthony Edward Lowry Britton, 9 June 1924 in Birmingham) is a veteran English Film and Television

In 1970 she realised a long held ambition to play the role of Hamlet. She did this on a national tour of the United States and at New York's Carnegie Hall at the age of 73. Carnegie Hall (generally ˌkɑrnɨgi ˈhɔːl is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City located at 881 Seventh Avenue, occupying the east

In 1982, she returned to Medea, this time playing the Nurse opposite Zoe Caldwell in the title role. Ada "Zoe" Caldwell OBE (born September 14 1933) is an Australian -born actress Caldwell had appeared in a small role in the Australian tour of Medea in 1955-1956. Anderson was also nominated for the Tony for Best Supporting Actress. This is a list of winners and nomination of the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress.

Hollywood

from the trailer for the film Laura (1944)

In Hollywood, her striking and not conventionally attractive features meant that her opportunities were limited to supporting character actress work. Laura ( 1944) is a American Academy Award -winning Film noir directed by Otto Preminger and starring Gene Tierney She naturally preferred the stage in any event. However, she did make a handful of significant films. In particular, she was nominated for a Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her role in Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca (1940). Best Supporting Actor or Best Supporting Actress is an accolade given by a group of Film or Theatre professionals in recognition of the work "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 As the housekeeper Mrs. Danvers, Judith Anderson was required to mentally torment the young bride, the "second Mrs. de Winter" (Joan Fontaine), even encouraging her to commit suicide; and taunt her husband (Laurence Olivier) with the memory of his first wife, the never-seen "Rebecca" of the title. Joan Fontaine (born October 22, 1917) is an Academy Award -winning British Actress in American films Laurence Kerr Olivier Baron "Mrs. Danvers" as conceived by Judith Anderson is widely considered one of the screen's most memorable and sexually ambiguous female villains. (The Oscar went to Jane Darwell, for The Grapes of Wrath. Jane Darwell ( October 15, 1879 – August 13, 1967) was an Academy Award -winning American Theater and The Grapes of Wrath ( 1940) is a American Drama film directed by John Ford. )

This led to several film appearances during the 1940s in such films as Lady Scarface (1941), Kings Row (1942), Otto Preminger's Laura (1944) with Gene Tierney, René Clair's And Then There Were None (1945), Ben Hecht's Specter of the Rose (1946), and Jean Renoir's The Diary of a Chambermaid (1946). Kings Row is a 1942 film which tells the story of a group of youths who grow up leading supposedly idyllic lives in a small town with disturbing secrets Otto Ludwig Preminger ( December 5[[ 906]]&ndash April 23[[ 986]] was an Austrian born Film director who moved from the theatre to Hollywood Laura ( 1944) is a American Academy Award -winning Film noir directed by Otto Preminger and starring Gene Tierney Gene Tierney ( November 19, 1920 – November 6, 1991) was an American film and stage actress. René Clair (11 November 1898 &ndash 15 March 1981 was a French Filmmaker. And Then There Were None ( 1945) directed by René Clair, is one of several film adaptations of Agatha Christie 's best-selling Mystery Ben Hecht (pronounced hekt) ( February 28, 1894 &ndash April 18, 1964) was an American screenwriter director producer playwright Specter of the Rose ( 1946) is a film written and directed by Ben Hecht, starring Judith Anderson, Ivan Kirov, Viola Essen Jean Renoir (French ʁəˈnwaʁ ( September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979) born in the Montmartre district of Paris The Diary of a Chambermaid is a 1946 Drama film about a newly-hired servant who severely disrupts a wealthy family She continued returning to the New York stage, playing the role of Lady Macbeth twice, and winning a Tony Award in 1948 for her historically acclaimed bravura performance in the title role of Medea. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Lady Macbeth is a character in William Shakespeare play Macbeth. The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Medea (Μήδεια / Mēdeia) is a tragedy play written by Euripides, based upon the myth of Jason and Medea and first produced

Anderson holds the unusual distinction of winning two separate Emmy Awards for playing the same role - Lady Macbeth - in two separate productions of Macbeth. Macbeth is among the best-known of William Shakespeare 's plays, and is his shortest tragedy, believed to have been written some time between

Her stage and film work continued and by the 1950s she was also appearing in television productions. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic She played Herodias in Salome (1953), Memnet in Cecil B. de Mille's The Ten Commandments (1956), gave a memorable performance as Big Momma in the film of Tennessee Williams' Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), Evil Stepmother in Cinderfella, and Buffalo Cow Head in A Man Called Horse (1970). This article is about the 1953 film For other uses see Salome (disambiguation Salome ( 1953) is a Biblical Cecil Blount DeMille ( August 12, 1881 – January 21, 1959) was an Academy Award -winning American Film director The Ten Commandments is a 1956 motion picture that Dramatized the Biblical story of Moses, an adopted Egyptian Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a Tony -nominated play by Tennessee Williams. Cinderfella is a comedy version of the classic Cinderella story with several of the roles reversed For the film see A Man Called Horse ''(1970 film. A Man Called Horse was originally published as a short story in Collier's

Anderson also recorded many spoken word record albums for Caedmon Audio in the 1950s through the 1970s. Spoken word is a form of literary Art or artistic performance in which Lyrics, Poetry, or stories are spoken rather than sung Caedmon Audio is a recording label specializing in audio books and other literary content She received a Grammy nomination for her work on the Wuthering Heights recording. Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontë 's only Novel. It was first published in 1847 under the Pseudonym Ellis Bell and a posthumous second

Later career

In her later years she played two more prominent roles in productions that took her as far away from her Shakespearean origins as possible. In 1984 she appeared in Star Trek III: The Search for Spock as the Vulcan High Priestess (at the age of 87), and the same year commenced a three-year stint as matriarch Minx Lockridge on the NBC serial Santa Barbara. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Star Trek III The Search for Spock ( Paramount Pictures, 1984) is the third feature Film based on the Star Trek Vulcans are a Humanoid species in the fictional Star Trek universe who hail from the planet Vulcan, and are noted for their attempt Santa Barbara was an American decade long and award-winning Television Soap opera, first broadcast in United States on NBC She had professed to be a fan, but after signing the contract she bitterly complained about her lack of screen time. She was succeeded in the role by the American actress Janis Paige, who was a quarter of a century younger. Janis Paige (born Donna Mae Tjaden, September 16, 1922 in Tacoma Washington) is an American Film, Musical theatre

Personal life

Anderson loved the city of Santa Barbara, California and spent the remainder of her life there, dying of pneumonia in 1992, aged 94. Santa Barbara is a city in Santa Barbara County California, United States. Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal She was survived by several nieces and nephews, both in America and Australia.

Anderson was married and divorced twice, first to Benjamin Harrison Lehmann (1937-1939) and second to Luther Greene (1946-1951). Neither marriage, both of which occurred after she turned 40, produced children, but she did serve as godmother for friends' children. Despite her marriages, Anderson was subject to speculation about her sexuality throughout her career. In his biography Otto Preminger: The Man Who Would Be King (2007), Foster Hirsch states matter-of-factly that Anderson was gay. Otto Ludwig Preminger ( December 5[[ 906]]&ndash April 23[[ 986]] was an Austrian born Film director who moved from the theatre to Hollywood Foster Hirsch is the Author of sixteen books on subjects related to theatre and Movies.

Honours

Anderson was created a Dame Commander of the British Empire (DBE) in 1960 and thereafter was often billed as "Dame Judith Anderson". The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V.

On 10 June 1991, in the Queen's Birthday Honours, she was named a Companion in the Order of Australia (AC), "in recognition of service to the performing arts". Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition ^[4]

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