Judd is a name brand of engines produced by Engine Developments Ltd. , a company founded in 1971 by John Judd and Jack Brabham in Rugby, Warwickshire, England. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Sir John Arthur "Jack" Brabham, AO, OBE (born April 2 1926) is an Australian former racing driver who was Formula One Rugby is a Market town in Warwickshire, in the West Midlands of England, on the River Avon. Engine Developments was intended to build engines for Brabham's racing efforts, and became one of the first firms authorised by Cosworth to maintain and rebuild its DFV engines, but has since expanded into various areas of motorsport. Cosworth is an Automotive engineering company founded in London in 1958 specialising in engines for automobile racing (motorsport The DFV was an Engine produced by Cosworth originally for Formula One motor racing

Judd has provided engines for many major series, including Formula 1 and other smaller formula series, sports car racing, and touring car racing. They have been associated with manufacturers such as Yamaha, MG, and Honda, although they have mainly been a privateer engine supplier to customers. ( a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company (whose HQ is at 2500 Shingai Iwata Shizuoka) is part of the Yamaha Corporation. MG is a British Sports car brand founded in 1924 MG is best known for two-seat open sports cars but MG also produced saloons and Coupés () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan.

Contents 1 Engine history 1.1 Lower formulas 1.1.1 KV 1.2 Formula One 1.2.1 CV 1.2.2 EV 1.2.3 GV 1.2.4 Yamaha partnership 1.3 Sports car racing 1.3.1 GV10 1.3.2 GV4 1.3.3 KV675 1.3.4 GV5 1.3.5 XV675 1.3.6 DB 1.4 Touring car racing 2 References 3 External links

Engine history

Lower formulas

Following the departure of Jack Brabham from Engine Developments, Judd would be hired by Honda to develop an engine for the company's return to Formula Two in association with Ron Tauranac's Ralt team. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. Formula Two, abbreviated to F2, was a type of Formula racing. Ron Tauranac was the Australian designer for Formula 1 driver Jack Brabham from 1962 until Brabham's retirement as a driver at the end of the 1970 season RALT was a manufacturer of single-seater Racing cars founded by ex- Jack Brabham associate Ron Tauranac after he sold out his interest in Brabham

After the demise of Formula 2 at the end of the 1984 season, Judd would continue to develop new engines for Honda. The first was the Judd AV, a turbocharged V8 engine built for Honda's CART campaign. A turbocharger, or turbo, is an air Compressor used for forced-induction of an Internal combustion engine. A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other Champ Car, was the name for a class and specification of cars used in American Championship Car Racing for many decades primarily for use in the Indianapolis It was first raced by Galles Racing at the Indianapolis 500 in 1987 badged as the Brabham-Honda. Galles Racing is a former auto racing team owned by Rick Galles that competed in the CART series and Indy Racing League, winning the 1990 CART Championship The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, often shortened to Indianapolis 500 or Indy 500, and historically known simply as "The 500" is an American The 71st Indianapolis 500 was held Sunday May 24, 1987 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Geoff Brabham (born March 20 1952) is an Australian racing driver Truesports racing took over primary team development a year later. Truesports was an automobile racing team founded by Jim Trueman based in Hilliard Ohio. Bobby Rahal scored the only victory for that engine at the Pocono 500 in 1988. Robert "Bobby" Woodward Rahal (born January 10 1953 in Medina Ohio) is an American Auto racing team owner and former driver spending most of The Pocono 500 was an American Open Wheel 500-mile race held at Pocono International Raceway from 1971-1989 Judd continued to build upgrades to the AV into the early 1990s, even after Honda had stopped badging the engines. As Honda moved into the new Formula 3000 series, Judd would once again develop the company's engine. Based on the architecture of the AV, the new BV V8 would be a naturally aspirated variant, and would eventually form the basis for the Judd CV Formula One engine.

KV

After the company's departure from Formula One, Judd would return to Formula 3000 in 1995 with the development of the 3000 cc KV V8 engine. A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of four cylinders in most cases set at a right angle to each other Judd would build the engines that every Formula 3000 team would use, although Zytek would be tasked with maintaining the over 80 engines after they were built. Zytek Group Ltd is a British Automotive Engineering company founded in 1981 in Fradley, United Kingdom. Although Judd stopped production of the KV and the Formula 3000 series would also close, Zytek would use the engines as a basis for the A1 Grand Prix units in 2005. Zytek Group Ltd is a British Automotive Engineering company founded in 1981 in Fradley, United Kingdom. History The nation-based A1GP concept was founded by Sheikh Maktoum Hasher Maktoum Al Maktoum of Dubai, initially in 2004

Formula One

In 1988, in conjunction with March Engineering, Judd made the move into the recently-reintroduced normally-aspirated variant of Formula One, which would completely replace turbocharged cars in 1989. March Engineering was a Formula One constructor and manufacturer of customer racing cars from Britain. By using the existing BV V8 as the starting point for their new F1 engine, Judd would be able to save cost while at the same time producing a customer engine that could compete on track and in the marketplace with the Ford-Cosworth V8s that had become standard equipment for the (mostly smaller) teams competing to the new rules. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following Cosworth is an Automotive engineering company founded in London in 1958 specialising in engines for automobile racing (motorsport

CV

The first Formula One engine developed by Judd, the CV, was built to the 3500 cc engine formula for naturally aspirated engines. The engine shared many design features with the Judd BV engine, yet was expanded out to 3. 5 litres. March Engineering originally signed to use the Judd CV, but WilliamsF1 was later forced to turn to Judd after they lost their supply of Honda engines. March Engineering was a Formula One constructor and manufacturer of customer racing cars from Britain. Not to be confused with Frank Williams Racing Cars, formed by Frank Williams 1967 Ligier also eventually bought CVs for use in the 1988 season. Ligier is a French Automobile maker created by former racing driver and rugby player Guy Ligier. Judd powered cars would manage to score four podiums in their debut season, split between March and Williams.

For the 1989 season, the all-new narrow-angle Judd EV (with a more compact 76-degree vee angle, rather than the more conventional 90 degrees of the AV/BV/CV) would be developed. However construction of the CV would continue on as a cheaper alternative for smaller teams. Team Lotus and EuroBrun would be the only CV customers, with Lotus managing to finish sixth in the constructor's championship. 1950s Colin Chapman established Lotus Engineering Ltd in 1952 at Hornsey, UK. EuroBrun was a Formula One constructor from Senago, Milan, Italy, with an Italio-Swiss ownership EuroBrun would originally be the only team to continue on with the CV unit into 1990, but Life would eventually buy CV units to replace their failed in-house design.

EV

The previous Judd CV was designed with the conventional 90-degree engine block. Following the 1990 season it was decided that a narrower vee-angle would be adopted to give a more compact engine; the original intent was a 75-degree vee, but limitations in Judd's CNC equipment (it could only work in whole-degree increments) meant that 76 degrees was used instead. The abbreviation CNC stands for computer numerical control, and refers specifically to a computer "controller" that reads G-code

March Engineering would upgrade their 1988 CV unit to an EV in 1989, while Brabham would also be supplied with the new engines. Origins The Brabham team was founded by Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac, who met in 1951 while both were successfully building and racing cars in their native Brabham and March would each score a podium with the EV engine. Both teams would continue with the EV in 1990, although March Engineering was renamed Leyton House Racing. Leyton House Racing was a Formula One constructor that raced in the 1990 and 1991 seasons Leyton House would take the only podium, a second place at the French Grand Prix. The 1990 French Grand Prix was a Formula One race held at Paul Ricard on July 8, 1990. For 1991, Team Lotus would be the only team to use the older EV.

GV

In the normally-aspirated 3500 cc formula, ten and twelve cylinder engines had proved to be more powerful than V8s. This prompted Judd to replace the CV and EV V8s with an all new engine in 1991 for the Scuderia Italia team. The new 72-degree angle V10 engine would carry the GV name. A V10 engine is a V engine with 10 cylinders in two banks of five The engine was powerful but Scuderia Italia's Dallara chassis was lacking, leaving the team with only a single podium all season. Dallara Automobili is an Italian Chassis manufacturer for various Motor racing series being most notable for its near- Monopoly in Formula 3

Judd's agreement with Scuderia Italia would end following the 1991 season, leaving the GVs to be used by the Brabham team and newcomers Andrea Moda Formula. Andrea Moda Formula was a Formula One team created by Andrea Sassetti, a shoe manufacturer from Italy. Neither team scored a point all season and Judd engines pulled out of Formula One.

Yamaha partnership

Following Judd's withdrawal from Formula One in 1992, John Judd turned to Yamaha to continue production of his engines. ( a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company (whose HQ is at 2500 Shingai Iwata Shizuoka) is part of the Yamaha Corporation. Using the Judd GV V10 as a base, Yamaha would develop an all new cylinder head and would brand the motor as the OX10 (known by Judd as the HV), for use by Tyrrell Racing in 1993. Lower Formulae (1958 - 1967 Tyrrell Racing first came into being in 1958 running Formula Three cars for Ken Tyrrell and local stars Once again, Tyrrell would be unable to score any points all season. An improved OX10B for 1994 would boost Tyrrell's performance, as the team scored a podium and finished sixth in the constructor's championship.

Rule changes in 1995 would see the OX10C reduced to 3000 cc, although the architecture of the engine was generally the same. Tyrrell's performance fell off again however, as the team managed a mere five points and finished eighth in the championship. 1996 saw the same points total from Tyrrell, although the new Yamaha OX11 (Judd JV) engine was used based on an all-new design. After 1996 Tyrrell switched to using Ford branded engines and the last appearance of Yamaha and Judd-developed engines in Formula One would be through usage by Arrows. Arrows Grand Prix International was a Formula One team active from 1977 to 2002 Damon Hill nearly won the 1997 Hungarian Grand Prix but suffered throttle cable problems and finished in second, the only podium for the team all season. Damon Graham Devereux Hill OBE (born 17 September 1960 in London) is a retired World Championship winning British racing driver from England Results from the 1997 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 10, 1997.

Sports car racing

GV10

In 1991, the World Sportscar Championship introduced an engine formula nearly identical to Formula One. World Endurance Championship redirects here For the motorcycle endurance This was an attempt to decrease cost by allowing sportscar teams to purchase Formula One engines, while at the same time encouraging major sportscar manufacturers to enter Formula One. This allowed for Judd to offer their GV V10 to customers following modifications to meet the endurance requirements necessary in the World Sportscar Championship.

As financial troubles hit other teams, the Judd V10 became one of the few privately funded engines for the top C1 class. Mazda was forced to turn to Judd to replace their outlawed rotary engines, although the GV10s would be rebadged as Mazda MV10s. ( is a Japanese automotive manufacturer based in Hiroshima, Japan. Euro Racing, the other half of EuroBrun, would also purchase GV10s. Mazda managed to finish third in the team's championship while Euro Racing took fifth.

The World Sportscar Championship would be canceled in 1993, quickly ending Judd's brief involvement in sports car racing.

GV4

After engine involvement with Yamaha in Formula One, Judd returned once again to sports car racing. Believing that a large naturally aspirated engine would be fitting for use as a customer supply in the Sports Racing World Cup, Judd resurrected the GV10 from a few years prior. The FIA Sportscar Championship was a Sports car racing series created by John Mangoletsi and was eventually taken control of by the Fédération Internationale Expanded out to 4000 cc and upgraded with new technology, the new GV4 would become a favorite choice for teams not running the dominant Ferrari 333 SP, eventually winning the championship with Racing for Holland in 2002 and 2003. The Ferrari 333 SP was a sports prototype car built by Michelotto to World Sports Car regulations for Ferrari. Racing for Holland is a Dutch Motor racing team started by Jan Lammers in 1999. In 2000 a Doran Ferrari-Judd hybrid appeared, the performance of the Judd engine being deemed superior to that of the Italian unit. The Ferrari 333 SP was a sports prototype car built by Michelotto to World Sports Car regulations for Ferrari.

The GV4s would also become powerful enough to contest for overall wins in the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with Oreca Dallaras running the GV4 finishing fifth and sixth in 2002 as well as an overall victory for Doran Lista at the Rolex 24 at Daytona that same year. The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, Oreca is a French racing team, founded and run by Hughes de Chaunac, former team manager of F1 team AGS. Dallara Automobili is an Italian Chassis manufacturer for various Motor racing series being most notable for its near- Monopoly in Formula 3 The 2002 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 70th Grand Prix of Endurance and took place on June 15 and 16, 2002. The Rolex 24 at Daytona (frequently referred to by its historical title the 24 Hours of Daytona) is a 24-hour sports car Endurance race held annually at

KV675

In 2001, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), organizers of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, announced new regulations for Le Mans Prototypes. The Automobile Club de l'Ouest (Automobile Club of the West - referring to the western region of France sometimes abbreviated to ACO, is the largest Automotive group The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, A Le Mans Prototype (commonly abbreviated as LMP) is a type of custom-built Race car intended for Sports car racing and Endurance racing, most The smaller LMP675 category would allow naturally aspirated V8 engines up to 3400 cc. Using the design of the Formula 3000 KV V8, Judd would expand the engine out to the maximum 3. 4 litres and reinforce it for endurance racing, creating the KV675. Endurance racing is a form of motorsport which is meant to test the durability of equipment and endurance of participants

In its debut year, the KV675 would win the LMP675 championship in the American Le Mans Series for Dick Barbour Racing. The American Le Mans Series ( ALMS) is a Sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. However, factory supported efforts by MG would becoming the dominant efforts in LMP675. MG is a British Sports car brand founded in 1924 MG is best known for two-seat open sports cars but MG also produced saloons and Coupés The KV675 would eventually win its class at the 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans and win the LMP2 class championship in the ALMS in 2005, both for Intersport Racing. The 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 72nd Grand Prix of Endurance and took place on June 12 and 13, 2004.

GV5

In 2002, Judd introduced a variant of the GV4 known as the GV5. The engine increase capacity to 5. 0 litres in an attempt to reduce revs, increase torque, and increase reliability. The GV5 would quickly prove its capabilities over the GV4, when it took second place in the teams championship in the Rolex Sports Car Series in its debut year. The Rolex Sports Car Series is the premiere series run by the Grand American Road Racing Association. Pescarolo Sport would later go on to finish fourth at the 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans with a GV5. Pescarolo Sport is a Motorsport team based in Le Mans, France and founded in 2000 by French racing driver Henri Pescarolo. The 2004 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 72nd Grand Prix of Endurance and took place on June 12 and 13, 2004. The following year, Pescarolo finished in second place at Le Mans and would also successfully win the teams championship in the Le Mans Endurance Series. The Le Mans Series (LMS is a European Sports car racing endurance series based around the 24 Hours of Le Mans race and run by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest

The GV5 received an upgrade in 2006, using lighter materials to decrease the weight of the unit by 20 kg. ^[1] The GV5 S2 would improve its performance for Pescarolo by once again taking second at Le Mans, as well as winning every event in the Le Mans Series season. The engine would be further upgraded in 2007, with an increase in displacement to 5500 cc to permit more torque while attaining the maximum power at lower rpms and improving fuel consumption. ^[2] The Judd GV5. 5 S2 is currently the most popular customer engine in use in LMP1 class prototypes.

XV675

In an attempt to displace Ford Motor Company and Cosworth as the only supplier of engines in the Champ Car World Series, Judd proposed a variant of the KV675 for use in the series through an agreement with MG, who would badge the engine. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following Cosworth is an Automotive engineering company founded in London in 1958 specialising in engines for automobile racing (motorsport Champ Car, was the name for a class and specification of cars used in American Championship Car Racing for many decades primarily for use in the Indianapolis MG is a British Sports car brand founded in 1924 MG is best known for two-seat open sports cars but MG also produced saloons and Coupés The deal would not come to fruition, but the development work performed to the KV675 to adapt it to Champ Car was adapted once again to sports car racing. The improved engine, known as XV675, would retain the 3. 4 litre layout but include technology developed from the GV series of engines to increase revs and performance while reducing weight.

The XV675 would debut in 2004 with mixed success. Ray Mallock Ltd. would earn the XV675 one of it's few successes, winning the LMP2 class at the 2005 24 Hours of Le Mans, but the team would later opt to switch to the Advanced Engine Research turbocharged LMP2 engine which has become dominant in the class. Ray Mallock Ltd, also known as RML, is a Motorsports racing team and engineering company The 2005 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 73rd Grand Prix of Endurance and took place on June 18 and 19, 2005. Advanced Engine Research Ltd (commonly known by the abbreviation AER) is an Auto racing Engine manufacturer based in Basildon, Essex

DB

On September 12, 2007, Engine Developments announced their plans for a replacement for the XV675, termed the DB. Although it once again retains the 3. 4 liter engine capacity, the unit is entirely new. Judd plans to work closely with a top LMP2 team in order to get better testing out of the DB in 2008 before the engine is released to any customers. ^[3]

Touring car racing

In 1997, Engine Developments was chosen by Nissan Motors to lead their engine development program on the Primera for the British Touring Car Championship. The Nissan Primera is a Large family car produced by the Japanese automaker Nissan for the domestic and European markets The British Touring Car Championship is a Touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom. Nissan went on to win the constructor's championship in 1998 and 1999, with Laurent Aïello winning the driver's title in 1999. Laurent Aïello (born May 23, 1969 in Fontenay, France) is a retired Race car driver.

As part of MG's involvement with Judd elsewhere, the two worked together on MG's return to the British Touring Car Championship in 2004. Judd developed the K2000 engine to for the MG ZS, with Anthony Reid finishing fourth in the driver's championship in their debut year. The MG ZS (2001-2005 is a sporting family car The ZS is essentially a Badge engineered Rover 45 (which was launched in 1999 Anthony Reid is a British Auto racing driver born on 17 May, 1957 in Glasgow, Scotland. However, MG's financial troubles forced the company to drop out of the championship soon after, leaving the K2000 open to customers. Des Wheatley would install the engine in an MG Metro and win the British Rallycross Championship. Austin/MG Metro On 8 October 1980, BL introduced the Austin miniMetro. For the PlayStation videogame based on this autosport see Rally Cross.

References

External links

• Engine Developments LTD

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