| Jubal Anderson Early | |
|---|---|
| November 3, 1816 – March 2, 1894 (age 77) | |
 |
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| Nickname | Old Jube, Old Jubilee |
| Place of birth | Franklin County, Virginia |
| Place of death | Lynchburg, Virginia |
| Allegiance | United States of America, Confederate States of America |
| Years of service | 1837–38, 1846–48 (U. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Franklin County is a county located in the US state &mdash officially " Commonwealth " &mdash of Virginia. Lynchburg is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 S. ), 1861–65 (C. S. A) |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Battles/wars | Seminole Wars Mexican-American War American Civil War |
| Other work | Lawyer |
Jubal Anderson Early (November 3, 1816 – March 2, 1894) was a lawyer and Confederate general in the American Civil War. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the The Seminole Wars, also known as the Florida Wars, were three conflicts in Florida between various groups of Native Americans collectively known as Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Background Brig Gen Irvin McDowell was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln to command the Army of Northeastern Virginia. Background When Confederate General Joseph E Johnston unexpectedly withdrew his forces from the Warwick Line at the Battle of Yorktown the night Start of the Peninsula Campaign Opposing forces See also [[Seven Days Confederate order of battle]] [[Seven Days Union order of battle]] Almost Background and opposing forces After the collapse of McClellan's Peninsula Campaign in the Seven Days Battles of June 1862 President Abraham Lincoln appointed Background and Burnside's plan The battle was the result of an effort by the Union Army to regain the initiative in its struggle against Lee's smaller but more aggressive army Forces and plans The Chancellorsville campaign began with the potential of leading to one of the most lopsided clashes in the war The Gettysburg Campaign was a series of battles fought in June and July 1863 during the American Civil War. Background The battlefield was the Wilderness of Spotsylvania an expanse of nearly impenetrable scrub growth and rough terrain that encompassed more than 70 square miles (181 The Valley Campaigns of 1864 were American Civil War operations and battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia from May to October 1864 The Battle of Waynesboro, was fought on March 2, 1865, in Augusta County Virginia, in the American Civil War. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The articles written by him for the Southern Historical Society in the 1870s established the Lost Cause myth as a long-lasting literary and cultural phenomenon. The Southern Historical Society was an organization founded by Confederate Major General Dabney H The Lost Cause is the name commonly given to a literary and intellectual movement that sought to reconcile the traditional white society of the Southern United States to [1]
Contents |
Early years
Early was born in Franklin County, Virginia, and graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1837. Franklin County is a county located in the US state &mdash officially " Commonwealth " &mdash of Virginia. "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, He fought against the Seminole in Florida as a second lieutenant in the 3rd U. The Seminole are a Native American people originally of Florida and now residing in Florida and Oklahoma. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer Military rank in many Armed forces. S. Artillery regiment before resigning from the army for the first time in 1838. A regiment is a Military unit, composed of a variable number of Battalions – commanded by a Colonel. He practiced law in the 1840s as a prosecutor for both Franklin and Floyd Counties in Virginia. Franklin County is a county located in the US state &mdash officially " Commonwealth " &mdash of Virginia. Floyd County is a county located in the US state &mdash officially " Commonwealth " &mdash of Virginia. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state He was noted for a case in Mississippi, where he beat the top lawyers in the state. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States His law practice was interrupted by the Mexican-American War from 1846–1848. He was a delegate in the Virginia General Assembly. The Virginia General Assembly is the legislative body of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
Civil War
Early was a Whig and strongly opposed secession at the April 1861 Virginia convention for that purpose. The Whig Party was a Political party of the United States during the era of Jacksonian democracy. Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio is the act of withdrawing from an organization union or especially a political entity However, he was soon aroused by the aggressive movements of the Federal government (President Abraham Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion) and accepted a commission as a brigadier general in the Virginia Militia. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal Brigadier General is the lowest ranking General Officer in some countries usually sitting between the ranks of Colonel and Major General. He was sent to Lynchburg, Virginia, to raise three regiments and then commanded one of them, the 24th Virginia Infantry, as a colonel in the Confederate States Army. Lynchburg is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. See also Colonel In the United States Army, the United States Marine Corps and the United States Air Force, colonel The War Department was established by the Confederate Congress in an act on February 21, 1861.
Early was promoted to brigadier general after the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Manassas) in July 1861. Background Brig Gen Irvin McDowell was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln to command the Army of Northeastern Virginia. In that battle, he displayed valor at Blackburn's Ford and impressed General P.G.T. Beauregard. Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard (ˈboʊrɪgɑrd ( May 28, 1818 &ndash February 20, 1893) was a Louisiana -born author civil servant He fought in most of the major battles in the Eastern Theater, including the Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and numerous battles in the Shenandoah Valley. This article presents an overview of major military and naval operations in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. Start of the Peninsula Campaign Opposing forces See also [[Seven Days Confederate order of battle]] [[Seven Days Union order of battle]] Almost Background and opposing forces See also Northern Virginia Campaign See also [[Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] Background and Burnside's plan The battle was the result of an effort by the Union Army to regain the initiative in its struggle against Lee's smaller but more aggressive army Forces and plans The Chancellorsville campaign began with the potential of leading to one of the most lopsided clashes in the war Background and movement to battle See also [[Gettysburg Campaign]] [[Gettysburg Battlefield]] [[Gettysburg Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] The Valley Campaigns of 1864 were American Civil War operations and battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia from May to October 1864 During the Gettysburg Campaign, Early's Division occupied York, Pennsylvania, the largest Northern town to fall to the Rebels during the war. York, known as the White Rose City (after the Wars of the Roses) is a city located in South Central Pennsylvania.
Early was trusted and supported by the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia, Robert E. Lee. The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated Lee affectionately referred to Early as his "Bad Old Man" because of his irascible demeanor and short temper, but appreciated Early's aggressive fighting and ability to command units independently. Most of Early's soldiers referred to him as "Old Jube" or "Old Jubilee" with enthusiasm and affection. His subordinate generals often felt little of this affection. Early was an inveterate fault-finder and offered biting criticism of his subordinates at the least opportunity; in the reverse case, he was generally blind to his own mistakes and reacted fiercely to criticism or suggestions from below.
Early was wounded at Williamsburg in 1862, while leading a charge against staggering odds. Background When Confederate General Joseph E Johnston unexpectedly withdrew his forces from the Warwick Line at the Battle of Yorktown the night
Serving under Stonewall Jackson
He convalesced in Rocky Mount, Virginia, and returned in two months, under the command of Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, in time for Malvern Hill. History First settled in 1760 Rocky Mount was named for a steep cliff near the town Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21 1824 &ndash May 10 1863 was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and probably the The Battle of Malvern Hill, also known as the Battle of Poindexter's Farm, took place on July 1, 1862, in Henrico County Virginia, was There, Early demonstrated his career-long lack of aptitude for battlefield navigation and his brigade was lost in the woods; it suffered 33 casualties without any significant action. In the Northern Virginia Campaign, Early was noted for his performance at the Battle of Cedar Mountain and arrived in the nick of time to reinforce A.P. Hill on Jackson's left on Stony Ridge in the Second Battle of Bull Run. Background and opposing forces After the collapse of McClellan's Peninsula Campaign in the Seven Days Battles of June 1862 President Abraham Lincoln appointed Background Maj Gen John Pope was placed in command of the newly constituted Union Army of Virginia on June 26. Ambrose Powell Hill (November 9 1825 &ndash April 2 1865 was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. Background and opposing forces See also Northern Virginia Campaign See also [[Second Bull Run Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]]
At Antietam, Early ascended to division command when his commander, Alexander Lawton, was wounded. A division is a large Military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to thirty thousand soldiers Alexander Robert Lawton (November 4 1818 &ndash July 2 1896 was a Lawyer, Politician, Diplomat and brigadier general in the Confederate Lee was impressed with his performance and retained him at that level. At Fredericksburg, Early saved the day by counterattacking the division of George G. Meade, which penetrated a gap in Jackson's lines. George Gordon Meade ( December 31, 1815 &ndash November 6, 1872) was a career United States Army officer and civil engineer involved He was promoted to major general on January 17, 1863. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common At Chancellorsville, Lee gave him a force of 5,000 men to defend Fredericksburg at Marye's Heights against superior forces (two corps) under Maj. Fredericksburg is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia and is located 50 miles south of Washington D Gen. John Sedgwick. John Sedgwick ( September 13, 1813 &ndash May 9, 1864) was a teacher a career military officer and a Union Army general in the Early was able to delay the Union forces and pin down Sedgwick while Lee and Jackson attacked the remainder of the Union troops to the west. The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. Sedgwick's eventual attack on Early up Marye's Heights is sometimes known as the Second Battle of Fredericksburg.
Gettysburg and the Overland Campaign
During the Gettysburg Campaign, Early commanded a division in the corps of Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell. The Gettysburg Campaign was a series of battles fought in June and July 1863 during the American Civil War. This article is about a United States military rank For other countries that use a similar rank see Lieutenant General. Richard Stoddert Ewell ( February 8, 1817 &ndash January 25, 1872) was a career U His troops were instrumental in defeating Union defenders at Winchester, capturing a number of prisoners, and opening up the Shenandoah Valley for Lee's oncoming forces. The Second Battle of Winchester was fought between June 13 and June 15, 1863 in Frederick County and Winchester Virginia as The Shenandoah Valley region of western Virginia and West Virginia is bounded by the Blue Ridge Mountains to the east and the Appalachian Early's division, augmented with cavalry, eventually marched eastward across the South Mountain range in Pennsylvania, seizing vital supplies and horses along the way. South Mountain is a long Mountain Ridge in Maryland and Pennsylvania which comprises a northern extension of the Blue Ridge Mountains He captured Gettysburg on June 26 and demanded a ransom, which was never paid. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Ransom is the practice of holding a prisoner to extort money or property to secure their release or it can refer to the sum of money involved Two days later, he entered York County and seized York, the largest Northern town to fall to the Confederates during the war. York County is a County located in the US state of Pennsylvania. York, known as the White Rose City (after the Wars of the Roses) is a city located in South Central Pennsylvania. Here, his ransom demands were partially met, including a payment of $28,000 in cash. Elements of Early's command on June 28 reached the Susquehanna River, the farthest east in Pennsylvania that any organized Confederate force would penetrate. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. The Susquehanna River (originally "Sasquesahanough" per the 1612 John Smith map is a River located in the northeastern United States. On June 30, Early was recalled as Lee concentrated his army to meet the oncoming Federals. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper
Approaching Gettysburg from the northeast on July 1, 1863, Early's division was on the leftmost flank of the Confederate line. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He soundly defeated Francis Barlow's division (part of the Union XI Corps), inflicting three times the casualties to the defenders as he suffered, and drove the Union troops back through the streets of town, capturing many of them. Francis Channing Barlow ( October 19, 1834 &ndash January 11, 1896) was a Lawyer, Politician, and Union The XI Corps ( Eleventh Army Corps) was a Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War, best remembered for its humiliating defeats at In the second day at Gettysburg, he assaulted East Cemetery Hill as part of Ewell's efforts on the Union right flank. Cemetery Hill is a key terrain feature in Gettysburg Pennsylvania, the northernmost extent of Cemetery Ridge. Despite initial success, Union reinforcements arrived to repulse Early's two brigades. On the third day, Early detached one brigade to assist Edward "Allegheny" Johnson's division in an unsuccessful assault on Culp's Hill. Edward Johnson (April 16 1816 &ndash March 2 1873 also known as Allegheny Johnson (sometimes spelled Alleghany) was a United States Army officer and See also Battle of Gettysburg See also [[Gettysburg Battlefield]] [[Gettysburg Confederate order of battle]] [[Confederate order of battle]] and [[Gettysburg Union order Elements of Early's division covered the rear of Lee's army during its withdrawal from Gettysburg on July 4 and July 5. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.
Early served in the Shenandoah Valley over the winter of 1863–64. During this period, he occasionally filled in as corps commander during Ewell's absences for illness. On May 31, 1864, Lee expressed his confidence in Early's initiative and abilities at higher command levels, promoting him to the temporary rank of lieutenant general. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year This article is about a United States military rank For other countries that use a similar rank see Lieutenant General.
Upon his return from the Valley, Early fought in the Battle of the Wilderness and assumed command of the ailing A. Background The battlefield was the Wilderness of Spotsylvania an expanse of nearly impenetrable scrub growth and rough terrain that encompassed more than 70 square miles (181 P. Hill's Third Corps during the march to intercept Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Spotsylvania Court House. Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second battle in Lt At Spotsylvania, Early occupied the relatively quiet right flank of the Mule Shoe. At the Battle of Cold Harbor, Lee replaced the ineffectual Ewell with Early as commander of the Second Corps. The Battle of Cold Harbor, the final battle of Union Lt Gen Ulysses S
The Valley, 1864
Early's most important service was that summer and fall, in the Valley Campaigns of 1864, when he commanded the Confederacy's last invasion of the North. The Valley Campaigns of 1864 were American Civil War operations and battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia from May to October 1864 As Confederate territory was rapidly being captured by the Union armies of Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman, Lee sent Early's corps to sweep Union forces from the Shenandoah Valley and to menace Washington, D.C., hoping to compel Grant to dilute his forces against Lee around Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D This article is about the city of Richmond the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Petersburg is an Independent city in Virginia, United States located on the Appomattox River. Early delayed his march for several days in a futile attempt to capture a small force at Maryland Heights and to rest his men from July 4 through July 6. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England [2]
During that time, Grant sent two VI Corps divisions from the Army of the Potomac to reinforce Union Maj. The VI Corps ( Sixth Army Corps) was a Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. Gen. Lew Wallace. Lewis "Lew" Wallace ( April 10, 1827 February 15, 1905) was a lawyer governor Union general in the American Civil With 5,800 men, he delayed Early for an entire day at the Battle of Monocacy, allowing more Union troops to arrive in Washington and strengthen its defenses. Background Reacting to Early's raid Union General-in-Chief Lt This invasion caused considerable panic in Washington and Baltimore, and Early was able to get to the outskirts of Washington. He sent some cavalry under Brig. Gen. John McCausland to the west side of Washington. John McCausland Jr ( September 13, 1836 &ndash January 22, 1927) was a Brigadier general in the Confederate States Army Knowing that he did not have sufficient strength to capture the city, Early demonstrated outside Fort Stevens and Fort DeRussy, and there was skirmishing and artillery duels on July 11 and July 12. Background In June 1864 Gen Jubal Early was dispatched by Gen Fort DeRussy was an American Civil War-era Fortification constructed in 1861 as part of the defenses of Washington D Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Abraham Lincoln watched the fighting on both days from the parapet at Fort Stevens, becoming the only sitting U. Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal S. President to come under hostile military fire. After Early withdrew, he said to one of his officers, "Major, we haven't taken Washington, but we scared Abe Lincoln like hell. "
Early crossed the Potomac into Leesburg, Virginia, on July 13 and then withdrew to the Valley. Leesburg is a historic town in and County seat of Loudoun County, Virginia, United States of America Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to He defeated the Union army under George H. Crook at Kernstown on July 24, 1864. George Crook ( September 8, 1828 &ndash March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer most noted for his distinguished The Second Battle of Kernstown was fought on July 24, 1864, at Kernstown Virginia outside Winchester Virginia, as part of the Valley Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Six days later, he ordered his cavalry to burn the city of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, in retaliation for Maj. Chambersburg is a borough in Pennsylvania, United States It is miles north of Maryland and the Mason-Dixon line and southwest of Harrisburg Gen. David Hunter's burning of the homes of several prominent Southern sympathizers in Jefferson County, West Virginia, earlier that month. David Hunter (July 21 1802 &ndash February 2 1886 was a Union general in the American Civil War. Jefferson County is a County located in the US state of West Virginia. Through early August, Early's cavalry and guerrilla forces attacked the B&O Railroad in various places. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad ( B&O) was one of the Oldest railroads in the United States and the first Common carrier railroad
Grant, losing patience and realizing Early could attack Washington any time he pleased, dealt with the threat by sending out an army under Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan. Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6 1831 &ndash August 5 1888 was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War At times outnumbering the Confederates three to one, Sheridan defeated Early in three battles starting in early August and laid waste to much of the agricultural properties in the Valley, denying their use as supplies for Lee's army. In a brilliant surprise attack, Early routed two thirds of the Union army at the Battle of Cedar Creek on October 19, 1864, but his troops were hungry and exhausted and fell out of their ranks to pillage the Union camp; Sheridan managed to rally his troops and defeat Early decisively. The Battle of Cedar Creek, or The Battle of Belle Grove, October 19 1864, was one of the final and most decisive battles in the Valley Campaigns Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year
Most of the men of Early's corps rejoined Lee at Petersburg in December, while Early remained to command a skeleton force. His force was nearly destroyed at Waynesboro and Early barely escaped capture with a few members of his staff. The Battle of Waynesboro, was fought on March 2, 1865, in Augusta County Virginia, in the American Civil War. Lee relieved Early of his command in March 1865, because he doubted Early's ability to inspire confidence in the men he would have to recruit to continue operations. He wrote to Early of the difficulty of this decision:
While my own confidence in your ability, zeal, and devotion to the cause is unimpaired, I have nevertheless felt that I could not oppose what seems to be the current of opinion, without injustice to your reputation and injury to the service. I therefore felt constrained to endeavor to find a commander who would be more likely to develop the strength and resources of the country, and inspire the soldiers with confidence. . . . [Thank you] for the fidelity and energy with which you have always supported my efforts, and for the courage and devotion you have ever manifested in the service . . .
– Robert E. Lee, letter to Early
After the War
Early fled when the Army of Northern Virginia surrendered on April 9, 1865. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year He rode horseback to Texas, hoping to find a Confederate force still holding out, then proceeded to Mexico, and from there, sailed to Cuba and Canada. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Living in Toronto, he wrote his memoirs, A Memoir of the Last Year of the War for Independence, in the Confederate States of America, which focused on his Valley Campaign. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario for other uses see Memoir (disambiguation As a literary Genre, a memoir (from the French: mémoire They were published in 1867.
He returned to Virginia in 1869, resuming the practice of law. He was pardoned in 1868 by President Andrew Johnson, but still remained an unreconstructed rebel. Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination He was among the most vocal of those who promoted a bitter Lost Cause movement and who vilified the actions of Lt. The Lost Cause is the name commonly given to a literary and intellectual movement that sought to reconcile the traditional white society of the Southern United States to Gen. James Longstreet at Gettysburg. James Longstreet (January 8 1821 &ndash January 2 1904 was one of the foremost Confederate Generals of the American Civil War and the principal subordinate He was involved with the Louisiana Lottery along with retired General P.G.T. Beauregard. The Louisiana State Lottery Company was a private corporation that in the mid-19th century ran the Louisiana Lottery. Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard (ˈboʊrɪgɑrd ( May 28, 1818 &ndash February 20, 1893) was a Louisiana -born author civil servant
At the age of 77, after falling down a flight of stairs, Early died in Lynchburg, Virginia. He is buried in Spring Hill Cemetery.
Legacy
Early's original inspiration for his views on the Lost Cause may have come from General Robert E. Lee himself. The Lost Cause is the name commonly given to a literary and intellectual movement that sought to reconcile the traditional white society of the Southern United States to Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated When he published his farewell order to the Army of Northern Virginia, Lee spoke of the "overwhelming resources and numbers" that the Confederate army fought against. The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. In a letter to Early, Lee requested information about enemy strengths from May 1864 to April 1865, the period in which his army was engaged against Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant (the Overland Campaign and the Siege of Petersburg). Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States The Overland Campaign, also known as Grant's Overland Campaign and the Wilderness Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and The Richmond-Petersburg Campaign was a series of battles around Petersburg Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865 Lee wrote, "My only object is to transmit, if possible, the truth to posterity, and do justice to our brave Soldiers. "[3] In another letter, Lee wanted all "statistics as regards numbers, destruction of private property by the Federal troops, &c. " because he intended to demonstrate the discrepancy in strength between the two armies and believed it would "be difficult to get the world to understand the odds against which we fought. " Referring to newspaper accounts that accused him of culpability in the loss, he wrote, "I have not thought proper to notice, or even to correct misrepresentations of my words & acts. We shall have to be patient, & suffer for awhile at least. . . . At present the public mind is not prepared to receive the truth. "[3] All of these were themes that Early and the Lost Cause writers would echo for decades.
Lost Cause themes were taken up by memorial associations such as the United Confederate Veterans and the United Daughters of the Confederacy, helping in some degree the Southerners to cope with the dramatic social, political, and economic changes in the postbellum era, including Reconstruction. The United Confederate Veterans, also known as the UCV, was a veteran's organization for former Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War, and was The United Daughters of the Confederacy ( UDC) is a sororal association dedicated to honoring the memory of those who served and died in service to the Confederate States [4]
Early's contributions to the Confederacy's last efforts at survival were very significant. Some historians contend that he extended the war six to nine months because of his efforts at Washington and in the Valley. The following quote summarizes an opinion held by his admirers:
Honest and outspoken, honorable and uncompromising, Jubal A. Early epitomized much that was the Southern Confederacy. His self-reliance, courage, sagacity, and devotion to the cause brought confidence then just as it inspires reverence now.
– James I. Robertson, Jr. , Alumni Distinguished Professor of History, Virginia Tech; Member of the Board, Jubal A. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, better known as Virginia Tech, is a public land grant polytechnic University in Early Preservation Trust
Early was an outspoken believer in white supremacy and despised the abolitionists. In the preface to his memoirs, Early wrote about African Americans as "barbarous natives of Africa" whom he believed were "in a civilized and Christianized condition" as a result of their enslavement. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa He continued:
The Creator of the Universe had stamped them, indelibly, with a different color and an inferior physical and mental organization. He had not done this from mere caprice or whim, but for wise purposes. An amalgamation of the races was in contravention of His designs or He would not have made them so different. This immense number of people could not have been transported back to the wilds from which their ancestors were taken, or, if they could have been, it would have resulted in their relapse into barbarism. Reason, common sense, true humanity to the black, as well as the safety of the white race, required that the inferior race should be kept in a state of subordination. The conditions of domestic slavery, as it existed in the South, had not only resulted in a great improvement in the moral and physical condition of the negro race, but had furnished a class of laborers as happy and contented as any in the world. [5]
In memoriam
The boat at White's Ferry, the only ferry still operating on the Potomac River, is named General Jubal A. White's Ferry is a Cable ferry service operating across the Potomac River, north of Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia, United The Potomac River flows into the Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid- Atlantic coast of the United States. Early. There is also a major thoroughfare in Winchester, Virginia named "Jubal Early Drive".
In popular media
On the science fiction series Firefly, a sadistic bounty hunter named Jubal Early appears in the last episode, "Objects in Space". Firefly is an American Science fiction Television series created by writer/director Joss Whedon, creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer This article is about characters in the television series Firefly. " Objects in Space " is the fourteenth and final episode of the science fiction television series Firefly created by Joss Whedon
Jubal Early was the name of the character portrayed by Pat Morita, the self proclaimed "Handyman" assistant to Jean-Claude Van Damme's lead character, in the 1999 film Inferno, also known in the UK as Desert Heat. Noriyuki "Pat" Morita Morita Noriyuki)--> ( The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located [6]
References
- Early, Jubal A. , and Gallagher, Gary W. , A Memoir of the Last Year of the War for Independence in the Confederate States of America, University of South Carolina Press, 2001, ISBN 1-57003-450-8.
- Eicher, John H. , and Eicher, David J. , Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
- Gallagher, Gary, Jubal A. Early, the Lost Cause, and Civil War History: A Persistent Legacy (Frank L. Klement Lectures, No. 4), Marquette University Press, 1995, ISBN 0-87462-328-6.
- Gallagher, Gary W. , Ed. , Struggle for the Shenandoah: Essays on the 1864 Valley Campaign, Kent State University Press, 1991, ISBN 0-87338-429-6.
- Gallagher, Gary W. and Alan T. Nolan (ed. ), The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History, Indiana University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-253-33822-0.
- Tagg, Larry, The Generals of Gettysburg, Savas Publishing, 1998, ISBN 1-882810-30-9.
- Ulbrich, David, "Lost Cause", Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History, Heidler, David S. , and Heidler, Jeanne T. , eds. , W. W. Norton & Company, 2000, ISBN 0-393-04758-X.
Notes
Further reading
- Leepson, Marc, Desperate Engagement: How a Little-Known Civil War Battle Saved Washington, D. C. , and Changed American History, Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press, 2007, ISBN 0-312-36364-8.
External links
- General Jubal Early Homeplace Preservation
- Jubal Early biography centering on his Civil War years
- Online text of A memoir of the last year of the war for independence, by Jubal Early
- Online text of Autobiographical Sketch and Narrative of the War Between the States
- Online text of Douglas S. Freeman's 1934 biography of Robert E. Lee
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