| Somali Civil War | |
|---|---|
| Juba Valley Alliance | |
| Leaders | Col. The Somali Civil War is an armed conflict in Somalia that started in 1988 Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale Col. Barre Adan Shire ( Barre Aadan Shire) also known as Barre Hiiraale, Barre "Hirale" Aden Shire, or Abdikadir Adan Shire, is the Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag |
| Clans/Tribes: | Marehan, Ogadeni and Habr Gedir[1] |
| Years active: | June 2001 - present |
| Headquarters: | Kismayo |
| Operating Areas: | southern Somalia |
| Preceded by: | Allied Somali Forces (ASF) |
| Succeeded by: | Transitional Federal Government (TFG) |
| Allies: | |
| Opponents: | Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM-Harti) Islamic Courts Union (ICU) |
The Juba Valley Alliance (JVA) (Somali: Isbahaysiga Dooxada Jubba) is a political faction of the Somali Civil War. Colonel Abdulahi Sheik Ismael (Fara-Tag) ( Cabdullaahi Sheekh Ismaaciil '') is a commander in the army of the Transitional Federal Government The Marehan ( Somali: Mareexaan Arabic:مريحان Marehan bin Ahmed bin Abdirahman bin Is'mail bin Ibrahim al Jaberti) are a Somali Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled Ogadēn ]] is the international name of the Somali Regional State in Ethiopia. See also Somali clan The Habar Gedir ( Habargidir) is a Somali clan, part of the larger Hawiye group June 2001: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September Kismayo or Kismayu (Kismaayo كيسمايو; Chisimaio is a Port The Allied Somali Forces (ASF was a political faction of the Somali Civil War. The Transitional Federal Government (TFG of the Somali Republic ( Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka) is the present internationally recognized government of Somalia The Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (abbreviated SRRC) was a political movement as well as an armed militia founded by Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid The Somali Patriotic Movement is a Political party and Paramilitary organization in Somalia, and a key faction in the Somali Civil War. The Islamic Courts Union ( ICU, Somali: Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga Arabic: اتحاد المحاكم الإسلامية Ittihād al-mahākim The Somali Civil War is an armed conflict in Somalia that started in 1988 It was the primary opponent of the Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM) and the Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) vying for the control of Kismayo and the Juba River valley, the area known as Jubaland. The Somali Patriotic Movement is a Political party and Paramilitary organization in Somalia, and a key faction in the Somali Civil War. The Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (abbreviated SRRC) was a political movement as well as an armed militia founded by Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid Kismayo or Kismayu (Kismaayo كيسمايو; Chisimaio is a Port Jubaland (Jubbaland or Juba Valley (Dooxada Jubba formerly Trans-Juba (Oltre Giuba is the southwesternmost part of Somalia, on the far side of
Following the breakdown of central authority in the Somali Civil War, General Hersi "Morgan" declared Jubaland independent on September 3, 1998. The Somali Civil War is an armed conflict in Somalia that started in 1988 General Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan ( Maxamed Siciid Xirsi Moorgan) was the Son-in-law of Siad Barre and minister of defense of Somalia. Jubaland (Jubbaland or Juba Valley (Dooxada Jubba formerly Trans-Juba (Oltre Giuba is the southwesternmost part of Somalia, on the far side of Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) [2]
Opponents to General "Morgan" came from the Somali Marehan, Ogadeni and Habr Gedir ethnic groups. The Marehan ( Somali: Mareexaan Arabic:مريحان Marehan bin Ahmed bin Abdirahman bin Is'mail bin Ibrahim al Jaberti) are a Somali Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled Ogadēn ]] is the international name of the Somali Regional State in Ethiopia. See also Somali clan The Habar Gedir ( Habargidir) is a Somali clan, part of the larger Hawiye group The Marehan Somali National Front (SNF) and other tribal allies grouped together as the Allied Somali Forces (ASF). The Somali National Front (SNF was a political revolutionary movement and armed militia initially made up of loyalists to Siad Barre, and the remnants of the Somali National The Allied Somali Forces (ASF was a political faction of the Somali Civil War. They ousted General "Morgan" from Kismayu in June 1999. [3]
The ASF administration renamed itself the Juba Valley Alliance in June 2001, and threw its support behind the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). The Transitional Federal Government (TFG of the Somali Republic ( Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka) is the present internationally recognized government of Somalia [4] The leader of the JVA is Colonel Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale, who later became Defense Minister for the TFG. Barre Adan Shire ( Barre Aadan Shire) also known as Barre Hiiraale, Barre "Hirale" Aden Shire, or Abdikadir Adan Shire, is the The militia commander of the JVA is Col. Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag. Colonel Abdulahi Sheik Ismael (Fara-Tag) ( Cabdullaahi Sheekh Ismaaciil '') is a commander in the army of the Transitional Federal Government
On June 18, 2001, an 11-member interclan council decided to ally the JVA with the newly establishing Transitional Federal Government. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The Transitional Federal Government (TFG of the Somali Republic ( Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka) is the present internationally recognized government of Somalia [5]
On August 6, 2001, after 10 days of heavy fighting in a battle involving 40 technicals and 1,000 militiamen, the JVA took the town of Jilib from the SRRC. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. A technical is a type of Improvised fighting vehicle, typically a civilian or military non-combat vehicle modified to Jilib (other names Gilib, Gelib, Jillib, Jillio) is a town in Somalia, with an estimated population of approximately 45000 The Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (abbreviated SRRC) was a political movement as well as an armed militia founded by Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid [6]
In 2002, the JVA battled with the Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC), which opposed the TFG, resulting in 6,000 refugees fleeing Bulo Hawa. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (abbreviated SRRC) was a political movement as well as an armed militia founded by Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid In 2003, there were 15,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) accommodated in Kismayo. Internally displaced persons (IDPs are people forced to flee their homes but who unlike refugees remain within their country's borders Fighting throughout southern and central Somalia resulted in 86,000 IDPs by 2004. [7] Landmines were cited as a problem affecting the area due to the fighting between the JVA and SRRC. [8]
War in Somalia
The JVA suffered the loss of Kismayo in September 2006 to an array of ICU forces with 130 technicals[9][10], and further defeat during Islamic Court Union's takeover of the Juba Valley in October 2006,[11]
On September 23, ICU forces under Sheik Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki approached Jilib, en route to Kismayo. The Advance of the Islamic Courts Union is the period in the Somali Civil War that began on May 2006 with the Islamic Courts Union 's (ICU conquest of Mogadishu The War in Somalia is an ongoing armed conflict involving largely Ethiopian and Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG forces versus the Somali September 2006 was marked by a controversy surrounding statements made by Pope Benedict XVI regarding Islam, during the same week as the fifth anniversary A technical is a type of Improvised fighting vehicle, typically a civilian or military non-combat vehicle modified to The Islamic Courts Union ( ICU, Somali: Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga Arabic: اتحاد المحاكم الإسلامية Ittihād al-mahākim October 2006 was a month that began on a Sunday The month was marked by a nuclear test by North Korea that prompted that passing of Resolution 1718 Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Sheik Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki (also known as Hassan Al-Turki or "Al-Turki"–"The Turk" an Islamist leader in Somalia, is Jilib (other names Gilib, Gelib, Jillib, Jillio) is a town in Somalia, with an estimated population of approximately 45000 Juba Valley Alliance forces withdrew without a fight. [12] After the city fell, on September 24, he promised peace to the city after Islamic militiamen broke up an anti-Islamist demonstration with gunfire, killing three teenagers. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. [13] On October 3, they took Afmadow. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's [14] Sakow fell to the ICU on October 25–28 after they militarily defeated the Juba Valley Alliance. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine [15] By December 13, Salagle also fell to them. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life [16] The city of Baardhere in Gedo region, was the last sought after prize by the ICU but the population there refused them to achieve that goal. Barderians being part of the larger Juba region, the population in Gedo and Bardera in particular, disliked the ICU and its attack on Kismayo. ICU's total control of southern Somalia became impossible at this point. All sides, JVA, ICU and the powerless TGF regrouped and established new alliances and new fronts.
After the Battle of Baidoa (December 20–26), the JVA began to reassert control over the Juba Valley. The Battle of Baidoa began on December 20, 2006 when the Somali Transitional Federal Government 's forces (TFG allied with Ethiopian forces stationed Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. On December 27, the ICU abandoned its positions in the Juba Valley at Salagle and Sakow, north of Bu'aale. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the The Juba Valley (Dooxada Jubba is a Valley in Northeast Africa. Bu'aale is the capital town of Jubbada Dhexe, in southern Somalia in the Jubba River valley [17]
ICU forces in Kismayo were reported retreating towards Mogadishu, and TFG forces were advancing towards Bu'uale from Dinsoor, while the rest of the Lower and Middle Juba areas were calm. Kismayo or Kismayu (Kismaayo كيسمايو; Chisimaio is a Port [18] However, no sooner had ICU forces from Kismayo gotten to Mogadishu than they reversed direction, withdrawing back to Kismayo. After their defeat at the Battle of Jilib north of the city, the ICU forces withdrew, and on January 1, 2007, Kismayo fell to the TFG and Ethiopian forces without armed conflict. The Battle of Jilib was a battle in the 2006 Somali War fought by the Islamic Courts Union (ICU and affiliated militias against Ethiopian and New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Fall of Kismayo occurred on January 1, 2007, when the militaries of Somalia 's Transitional Federal Government (TFG and
The JVA led by Colonel Hiiraale and other JVA senior officials have had string of negotiations with the ICU's top ranks and they were given firm promise not to worry about a surprise attack from the ICU and its Shabab wing. Mr. Shire got the news that ICU forces massed around the port city of Kismayo and were prepared to enter the city. An infamous phrase was used to describe the tactics of the ICU whenever they went into a new territory, and that phrase was, "We were invited!" The JVA leadership emptied Kismayo in the middle of the night.
Somali Political observers were surprised to find out that the ICU attacked Kismayo when in fact, the JVA was a genuinely a true alliance in terms of leadership and the relative peace the JVA brought to Lower Jubba region of Somalia. Some accuse Colonel Hiiraale as the leader of JVA, once refused to hand over individuals which the U. S government had suspicions to have links with Al Qaeda. There is no prove that he ever had hold of those who had proven links with Al Qaeda. At one point, Colonel Hiiraale mediated between the TFG and ICU. This shows the good relations he enjoyed with newly formed ICU and fledgling TFG. Many observers saw some hypocrisy in the ICU leadership when they jumped over Lower Shabele region and dashed to Kisamyo 500KM away to the south of Mogadishu.
Considering the integral part the JVA plays in the TFG's military, and that Col. Hiiraale is the TFG Defense Minister, it could be said that the JVA has been succeeded by, or incorporated into, the army of the nascent TFG. When TFG army entered into Kisamyo, they showed some restraint by not getting revenged at the ICU remnants for their past deeds of torture, false imprisonments and so on.
The ICU chocked the economy of Somalia by putting all resources on the hands of a selected few. Although the mistakes of the ICU were many, the economy factor, the attack of Kismayo and the murdering [1] of the bed ridden JVA fighters who were at the Bu'ale Hospital hastened the fall of the ICU phenomena in Somali politics of the recent years.
References
- ^ Somalia: Main Political Organizations. Mudug. com. Retrieved on 2007-01-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon.
- ^ Footnotes to History: G to J Footnotes to History
- ^ Somalia Assessment, September 1999 Country Information and Policy Unit, Immigration & Nationality Directorate, Home Office, UK
- ^ Somalia. World Statesmen. Retrieved on March 9, 2006. Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. - also shows Italian colonial flag & links to map
- ^ Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia, 11 Oct 2001, Document S/2001/963 United Nations Security Council
- ^ Simultaneous Heavy Fightings Erupt in Somalia People's Daily
- ^ Recurrent displacements in southern and central Somalia due to intermittent inter-factional conflicts (2004) IDMC
- ^ SOMALIA Land Mine Monitor
- ^ Somalia's Islamists Resume Their Momentum and Embark on a Diplomatic Path PINR
- ^ Witnesses: Somali Islamists advance on key port. Associated Press, 13 September 2006
- ^ War Clouds Loom over Somalia as Military Fronts Open Up Amid a Flurry of Diplomacy PINR
- ^ Somalia: Islamic militants advancing to Kismayo SomaliNet
- ^ Somalia: Islamists shooting kills people in Kismayo protest SomaliNet
- ^ Somalia’s Islamic Courts attain Afmadow in Lower Jubba region Shabelle Media Network
- ^ Somali Islamists seize strategic post Al Jezeera
- ^ Islamists seize a new settlement in southern Somalia Shabelle Media Networks
- ^ Somalia: Insecurity rages in Islamist abandoned areas Shabelle Media Network
- ^ Somalia: Situation Report - 27 Dec 2006 OCHA
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