José Victoriano González-Pérez (March 23, 1887 – May 11, 1927), better known as Juan Gris, was a Spanish painter and sculptor who lived and worked in France most of his life. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. His works are closely connected to the emergence of an innovative artistic genre—Cubism. Cubism was a 20th century Avant-garde Art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European
Biography
Born in Madrid, Gris studied mechanical drawing at the Escuela de Artes y Manufacturas in Madrid from 1902 to 1904, during which time he contributed drawings to local periodicals. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. From 1904 to 1905 he studied painting with the academic artist José Maria Carbonero.
In 1906 he moved to Paris and became friends with Henri Matisse, Georges Braque, Fernand Léger, and in 1915 was painted by his friend, Amedeo Modigliani. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship Georges Braque ( May 13, 1882 &ndash August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor Joseph Fernand Henri Léger ( February 4, 1881 – August 17, 1955) was a French painter, sculptor, and Amedeo Clemente Modigliani ( July 12, 1884 &ndash January 24, 1920) was an Italian Artist of Jewish heritage In Paris, Gris followed the lead of another friend and fellow countryman, Pablo Picasso. Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 His portrait of Picasso in 1912 is a significant early Cubist painting done by a painter other than Picasso or Georges Braque. Georges Braque ( May 13, 1882 &ndash August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor (Although he regarded Picasso as a teacher, Gertrude Stein acknowledged that Gris "was the one person that Picasso would have willingly wiped off the map. Gertrude Stein ( February 3, 1874 &ndash July 27, 1946) was an American Writer who spent most of her life in France ")
Although he submitted darkly humorous illustrations to journals such as Le Rire, L'assiette au beurre, Le Charivari, and Le Cri de Paris, Gris began to paint seriously in 1910. Le Rire, or "Laughter" was a successful humor Magazine published from October 1894 through the 1950s Le Charivari was an illustrated newspaper published in Paris, France from 1832 to 1937. By 1912 he had developed a personal Cubist style.
At first Gris painted in the analytic style of Cubism, but after 1913 he began his conversion to synthetic Cubism, of which he became a steadfast interpreter, with extensive use of papier collé. Papier collé (French pasted paper) is a painting technique and type of Collage. Unlike Picasso and Braque, whose Cubist works were monochromatic, Gris painted with bright harmonious colors in daring, novel combinations in the manner of his friend Matisse. Monochrome comes from the Greek μονόχρωμος ( monochromos) meaning “of one color” which is a combination Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship
In 1924, he first designed ballet sets and costumes for Sergei Diaghilev and the famous Ballets Russes. Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Set construction is a process by which a set designer works in collaboration with the director of the production to create the set for a theatrical film or television Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (Серге́й Па́влович Дя́гилев / Sergei Pavlovich Dyagilev) also referred to as Serge, ( March 31, See also Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, The Ballets Russes ( French for The Russian Ballets) was a Ballet company established
Gris articulated most of his aesthetic theories during 1924 and 1925. He delivered his definitive lecture, Des possibilités de la peinture, at the Sorbonne in 1924. The historic University of Paris (Université de Paris first appeared in the second half of the 13th century Major Gris exhibitions took place at the Galerie Simon in Paris and the Galerie Flechtheim in Berlin in 1923, and at the Galerie Flechtheim in Düsseldorf in 1925. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Düsseldorf (ˈdʏsəldɔɐf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
He died in Boulogne-sur-Seine (Paris) in the spring of 1927 at the age of forty, leaving a wife, Josette, and a son, Georges. Boulogne-Billancourt (often colloquially called simply Boulogne or Boulbi) is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
Before 2005, a Gris painting sold for more than US$69 million. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been
Selected works
 Glass of Beer and Playing Cards, 1913, Columbus Museum of Art, Ohio. The Columbus Museum of Art, which opened on January 22, 1931, is an historic Art museum located at 480 East Broad Street in downtown Columbus |
 Violin and Checkerboard, 1913, Stephen A. Simon and Bonnie Simon Collection. |
 The Guitar, 1918. |
 Still Life with Fruit Dish and Mandolin, 1919, Private collection, Paris. |
 Harlequin with Guitar, 1919, Galerie Louise Leiris, Paris. |
External links
- Paintings by Juan Gris
- Artcyclopedia - Links to Gris' works
- The Athenaeum - Extensive list and images of Gris' works
- Web Museum - Biography and images of Gris' works
- OCR'd issues of Le Rire
- Juan Gris in Artfacts.Net See actual exhibitions and related galleries and museums for Juan Gris
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