Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz

Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz (May 23, 1606 in Madrid — September 8, 1682 in Vigevano) was a Spanish Catholic ecclesiastic and writer. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Vigevano is a town and commune in the Province of Pavia, Lombardy, northern Italy, which possesses many artistic treasures and runs a huge industrial Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete".

Life

He was a precocious child, early delving into serious problems in mathematics and even publishing astronomical tables in his tenth year. Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study After receiving a superficial education at college, where his unusual ability brought rapid advancement, this prodigy turned his attention to the Asiatic languages, especially Chinese. He was received into the Cistercian Order at the monastery of La Espina, in the diocese of Palencia, and after ordination entered upon a varied and brilliant career. This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism.

His sermons attracted the favorable attention of the Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Low Countries, while he was attached to the monastery of Dunes in Flanders, and in 1638 he was honored with the degree of Doctor of Theology by the University of Louvain. A sermon is an oration by a Prophet or member of the Clergy. Sermons address a Biblical, theological, or religious topic The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Doctor of Theology (in Latin Theologiae Doctor, abbreviated Th The Catholic University of Leuven, or Louvain, was the largest oldest and most prominent university in Belgium. When he was obliged to leave the Palatinate, Philip IV of Spain made him his envoy to the court of Emperor Ferdinand III. The Palatinate of the Rhine (Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein later the Electoral Palatinate (Kurpfalz was a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire Philip IV (es ''Felipe IV'' pt ''Filipe III'' ( 8 April, 1605 &ndash 17 September, 1665) was King of Spain between 1621 and Life Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II from the house of Habsburg and his first wife Maria Anna of Bavaria. He was in turn Abbot of Melrose, Scotland (Scotland), Abbot-Superior of the Benedictines of Vienna, and Grand-Vicar to the Archbishop of Prague. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. This article concerns Roman Catholic Order of Saint Benedict see also Benedictine Confederation and Benedictine. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. The following is a list of bishops and archbishops of Prague.

In 1648, when the Swedes attacked Prague, he armed and led a band of ecclesiastics who did yeoman service in the defence of the city. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Yeoman is noun used to indicate a variety of positions or Social classes In the 16th century a yeoman was also a Farmer of middling social status who owned His bravery on this occasion merited for him a collar of gold from the emperor. Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Soon after he became Bishop of Königratz, then Archbishop of Otranto, and at his death was Bishop of Vigevano.

Works

His books are even more numerous than his titles and his varied achievements; for, according to Jean-Noël Paquot, he published no less than 262 works on grammar, poetry, oratory, mathematics, astronomy, architecture, physics, politics, canon law, logic, metaphysics, theology and asceticism. He loved to defend novel theories, and in Theologia moralis ad prima atque clarissima principia reducta (Louvain, 1643) tried to solve theological problems by mathematical rules. Leuven ( French: Louvain, often used in English German: Löwen) is the capital of the province of Flemish Brabant in the He was a leading exponent of probabilism and his permissive moral opinions were criticized in Pascal's Provincial Letters and gained for him from Alphonsus Liguori the title of "Prince of the Laxists". Probabilism, in Catholic Moral theology, provides a way of answering the question about what to do when Blaise Pascal (blɛz paskal (June 19 1623 &ndash August 19 1662 was a French Mathematician, Physicist, and religious Philosopher The Lettres provinciales ( Provincial letters) are a series of eighteen letters written by French Philosopher and Theologian Blaise Saint Alphonsus Liguori ( September 27, 1696 &ndash August 1, 1787) was a Roman Catholic Bishop, spiritual

His mathematical work centered on combinatorics and he was one of the early writers on probability, republishing Huygens's work on dice with helpful explanations. Combinatorics is a branch of Pure mathematics concerning the study of discrete (and usually finite) objects Probability is the likelihood or chance that something is the case or will happen

Printed Works

• Philippus Prudens, Antwerp, 1639.
• Respuesta al Manifiesto del Reyno de Portugal, Antwerp, 1641.
• Rationalis et realis philosophia, Louvain, 1642.
• Theologia moralis fundamentalis, praeterintentionalis, decalogica, sacramentalis, canonica, regularis, civilis, militaris, Frankfurt, 1652-1653.
• Theologia rationalis Frankfurt, 1654-1655.
• Theologia moralis fundamentalis, editio secunda, Rome, 1656.
• Primus calamus ob oculos ponens metametricam, quae variis currentium, recurrentium, adscendentium, descendentium, nec-non circumvolantium versuum ductibus, aut aeri incisos, aut buxo insculptos, aut plumbo infusos, multiformes labyrinthos exponat, Rome, 1663.
• Mathesis biceps, vetus et nova, Campagna - Lyons, 1670.
• Architectura civil recta y obliqua, Vigevano, 1678.

References

• D. Pastine, Juan Caramuel : Probabilismo ed Enciclopedia, Florence, La Nuova Italia, 1975.
• D. Pastine, "Dello scetticismo e del probabilismo all'operatività : Juan Caramuel", Rivista critica di storia della filosofia 30 (1975), p. 411-419.
• P. Bellazi, Juan Caramuel, Vigevano, Editrice Opera Diocesana - Buona Stampa, 1982.
• J. Velarde Lombraña, Juan Caramuel. Vida y obra, Oviedo, Pentalfa, 1989.
• P. Pissavino (ed. ), Le meraviglie del probabile. Juan Caramuel (1606-1682). Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Vigevano 29-31 ottobre 1982, Vigevano, Comune di Vigevano, 1990.
• U. G. Leinsle (2000), "Maria als Gegenstand der Philosophie. Zu Caramuels 'Philosophia Mariana'", in Den Glauben Verantworten. Bleibende und neue Herausforderungen für die Theologie zur Jahrtausendwende. Festschrift für Heinrich Petri, ed. E. Möde & Th. Schieder, Paderborn-München-Wien-Zürich, Ferdinand Schöningh, 2000, p. 59-66.
• J. Franklin, The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability Before Pascal, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.
• J. Schmutz, "Juan Caramuel on the Year 2000 : Time and Possible Worlds in Early-Modern Scholasticism" in The Medieval Concept of Time. The Scholastic Debate and Its Reception in Early Modern Philosophy, ed. P. Porro, Leiden-New York-Köln, Brill, 2001, p. 399-434.
• A. Catalano, "Juan Caramuel Lobkovitz (1606-1682) e la riconquista delle coscienze in Boemia", Römische Historiche Mitteilungen 44 (2002), p. 339-392.
• J. Fleming, "Juan Caramuel on the Nature of Extrinsic Probability", Studia Moralia 42 (2004), p. 337-360.
• L. Robledo, "El cuerpo como discurso, retórica, predicación y comunicación non verbal en Caramuel", Criticón 84-85 (2002), p. 145-164.
• Y. Schwartz, ed. & transl. , Ioannes Caramuel Lobkowitz. On Rabbinic Atheism, translated from the Latin with Introduction by M. -J. Dubois, A. Wohlman, Y. Schwartz, Notes to the text by Y. Schwartz, Jerusalem, The Hebrew University Magnes Press, 2005 [in Hebrew].
• A. Serrai, Phoenix Europae. Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz in prospettiva bibliografica, Milan, Edizioni Sylvestre Bonnard, 2005.
• H. W. Sullivan, "Fray Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, O. Cist. : The Prague Years, 1647-1659", in "Corónente tus hazañas". Studies in Honor of John Jay Allen, ed. M. J. McGrath, Newark (DE), Juan de la Cuesta Hispanic Studies, 2005, p. 339-374.
• P. Dvorák, Jan Caramuel z Lobkovic : Vybrané aspekty formální a aplikované logiky [John Caramuel : Various Aspects of Formal and Applied Logic], Prague, Oikumene, 2006.
• J. Schmutz, "Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz (1606-82)", in Centuriae latinae II. Cent et une figures humanistes de la Renaissance aux Lumières, à la mémoire de Marie-Madeleine de la Garanderie, ed. C. Nativel, Geneva, Droz, 2006, p. 182-202.
• J. Fleming, Defending Probabilism: The Moral Theology of Juan Caramuel, Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, 2006.
• P. Dvorák, Relational logic in Juan Caramuel in: Mediaeval and Renaissance Logic, Volume 2 (Handbook of the History of Logic) ed. D. M. Gabby, J. Woods, Amsterdam, North-Holland, 2008 pp. 645-666.

External links

• Article on Caramuel from Catholic Encyclopedia (1911)
• Caramuel Conference, Prague 2006
• Caramuel Electronicus (Works and Bibliography), by Jacob Schmutz

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia