Joseph Cardinal Zen
Catholic Bishop of Hong Kong
Diocese	Roman Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong
Enthroned	23 September 2002
Ended	Incumbent
Predecessor	John Cardinal Wu
Ordination	1961
Consecration	1996
Created Cardinal	24 March 2006
Other	Coadjutor Bishop of Hong Kong
Born	13 January 1932 Shanghai, China

Joseph Cardinal Zen Ze-kiun, SDB (Chinese: 陳日君樞機, born January 13, 1932) is a Chinese prelate of the Catholic Church, currently serving as Bishop of Hong Kong. The Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong (CDHK) is a Latin Rite Ordinary Diocese of the Catholic Church headed by His Eminence Joseph Cardinal Cardinal Wu Cheng-Chung John Baptist 胡振中樞機 ( March 26, 1925 - September 23, 2002) was the fifth Bishop of Hong A coadjutor bishop (or bishop coadjutor) is a bishop in the Roman Catholic or Anglican churches who is designated to assist the diocesan bishop Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, originally known as the Society of St Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National A prelate is a high-ranking member of the Clergy who either is an Ordinary or ranks in precedence with ordinaries The Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong (CDHK) is a Latin Rite Ordinary Diocese of the Catholic Church headed by His Eminence Joseph Cardinal He was elevated to the cardinalate in 2006, and is famous for his outspoken disposition on issues regarding human rights, political freedom, and religious liberty, often attracting criticism from the Communist Party of China. A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled Political freedom is the absence of interference with the sovereignty of an individual by the use of coercion or aggression Freedom of religion is the freedom of an individual or community in public or private to manifest religion or belief in teaching practice worship and observance The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the

Early life and career

Styles of Joseph Cardinal Zen
Reference style	His Eminence
Spoken style	Your Eminence
Informal style	Cardinal
See	Hong Kong

Joseph Zen was born in Shanghai to devoutly Catholic parents, Vincent Zen and Margaret Tseu. A style of office, or honorific, is a term which by Tradition or Law precedes a reference to a person who holds a post or Title, or to the His Eminence is a historical style of reference for high nobility still in use in various religious contexts Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million He studied in a church school during the Second Sino-Japanese War, but was sent to an abbey after his father suffered a stroke. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the An abbey (from Latin abbatia derived from Syriac abba "father" is a Christian Monastery or

Zen fled to Hong Kong from Shanghai to escape Communist rule at the end of the Chinese Civil War. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders After entering the Salesians at the Hong Kong novitiate, he was ordained to the priesthood on February 11, 1961 by Maurilio Cardinal Fossati. The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, originally known as the Society of St Novitiate, alt noviciate, is the period of training and preparation that a Novice (or prospective) monastic or member In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession. The ministerial orders of the Catholic Church includes both the orders of bishops and presbyters, which in Latin is sacerdos. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Maurilio Cardinal Fossati, OSsCGN ( May 24, 1876 &mdash March 30, 1965) was an Italian Prelate of the Zen obtained a licentiate in theology (1961) and a doctorate in philosophy (1964) from the Salesian Pontifical University in Rome. Licentiate of Sacred Theology ( STL) is the title of an intermediate graduate degree with canonical effects in the Roman Catholic Church offered by "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. The Salesian Pontifical University (Italian Università Pontificia Salesiana) is a Pontifical university in Italy run by the Salesian order Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Since 1973, he has taught in the Holy Spirit Seminary College of Hong Kong - 1976 to 1978 of Macao Salesian School (Instituto Salesaino) （澳門慈幼中學） as principal; In 1978, he became the Provincial Superior of Salesians (which includes mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan), then resigned in 1983. A provincial superior is a major superior of a Religious order acting under the order's Superior general and exercising a general supervision over all the local superiors The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, originally known as the Society of St China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. He was a lecturer in the Seminaries in China, centres of studies acknowledged by the Communist party, between 1989 to 1996. A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is a specialized and often live-in Higher education institution for the purpose of instructing students China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National He was appointed the coadjutor Bishop of Hong Kong in 1996 by Pope John Paul II. A coadjutor bishop (or bishop coadjutor) is a bishop in the Roman Catholic or Anglican churches who is designated to assist the diocesan bishop Pope

Fight for democracy

Motto of Joseph Cardinal Zen Ze-kiun. Ipsi cura est is from 1 Peter 5:7. The First Epistle of Peter is a book of the New Testament. It has traditionally been held to have been written by Saint Peter the apostle during his time as Bishop In English it says: "Cast all your anxieties on him, for he cares about you. "

After he succeeded as Bishop of Hong Kong on September 23, 2002, he led the Diocese in voicing their reservations about the proposed anti-subversion laws, required under Article 23 of the Basic Law. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 is the basis (parent statute of a Security Law proposed by the Government of Hong Kong. The term basic law is used in some places as an alternative to " Constitution " implying it is a temporary but necessary measure without formal enactment He was worried that these laws, if enacted without a thorough consultation process including a white paper, could easily lead to violations of basic civil rights in future. A white paper is an authoritative report or guide that often addresses problems and how to solve them

On July 1, 2003, he took part in a prayer gathering at Victoria Park before the July 1 march began. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Victoria ParkJPG|thumb|right|300px|Statue of Queen Victoria in Victoria Park]] Victoria Park ( is a Public park in Hong Kong, named after Queen Victoria The Hong Kong July 1 march ( is an annual protest rally led by the Civil Human Rights Front since the 1997 handover on the HKSAR establishment day. Many Catholics and Christians attended the demonstration. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth

On June 3, 2004, the diocese held a praying activity called Democratize China (民主中國). Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Zen said that Hong Kong was suffering from a bloodless June 4th massacre without guns and tanks. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 culminating in the Tiananmen Square Massacre (referred to in Chinese as the June Fourth Incident, to avoid confusion with two He was criticized by the Financial Minister of PRC. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES

On July 1, 2004, Zen attended a prayer gathering at Victoria Park before the second July 1 march, but he himself didn't take part in the demonstration. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Victoria ParkJPG|thumb|right|300px|Statue of Queen Victoria in Victoria Park]] Victoria Park ( is a Public park in Hong Kong, named after Queen Victoria The Hong Kong July 1 march ( is an annual protest rally led by the Civil Human Rights Front since the 1997 handover on the HKSAR establishment day. Still, many Catholics joined thousands of other citizens in the anti-government march.

On November 3, 2005, after returning from Vatican City, he said that the people of Hong Kong should be allowed to decide whether or not they wanted proposed constitutional reforms; he also said that the Government should conduct a "territory-wide public opinion survey" to allow the people to decide whether or not they wanted the constitutional reform package it was proposing. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory He was then known as the 'Voice' of Hong Kong because he successfully made six pan-democrats that tried to support the motion of the Government to announce opposition to the motion. He was openly criticized by Chief Secretary Rafael Hui after the defeat of the political reform package. The Chief Secretary for Administration ( commonly known as Chief Secretary and abbreviated as CS, is the second highest position of the Hong Kong Government Rafael Hui Si Yan, GBM GBS JP ( born 1948 was former Chief Secretary for Administration of Hong Kong and a former career civil

Cardinal Zen attended the June 4, 2006 Prayer gathering in memory of the victims of the June 4 massacre. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. He asked the Chinese government to let the Chinese people to discuss the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 freely. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 culminating in the Tiananmen Square Massacre (referred to in Chinese as the June Fourth Incident, to avoid confusion with two (Source)

Zen also led the July 1 Protest in 2007.

"New Conscience"

Zen has long been known as the "new conscience of Hong Kong" for his unflinching defence of human rights, political freedom, and religious liberty in the face of criticism from China's communist government. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders He has bluntly said that the Chinese crackdown on pro-democracy protestors in Tiananmen Square was "a big mistake," and called on the government to "tell the truth" about those events. Tiananmen Square ( is the large Plaza near the center of Beijing, China, named after the Tiananmen (literally Gate of Heavenly Peace He was also a leading opponent of Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23, a since-shelved national security bill, which in 2003 prompted an anti-government protest by half a million people. Zen is a vocal proponent of a push for universal suffrage in Hong Kong, telling his flock in a 2005 homily that "a path will appear when enough people walk on it. Universal suffrage (also universal adult suffrage, general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders " He has publicly called on officials in Hong Kong to support the aspirations of the people, rather than functioning as spokespersons for the central government in Beijing. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders At a personal level, he is described by John L. Allen Jr. , a Vatican watcher, as "a gracious, humble man, a moderate on most issues". Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory

Zen was named the "Person of the Year 2002" by the Apple Daily. This article is about the Hong Kong version of the newspaper For the Taiwan version of the newspaper see Apple Daily (Taiwan Apple

Retirement rumours

On September 18, 2005, he told Hong Kong newspaper Apple Daily reporters that he was willing to retire in January 2007. Events 96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the Hong Kong version of the newspaper For the Taiwan version of the newspaper see Apple Daily (Taiwan Apple [1] He also said that he wanted to be a teacher in either mainland China or in Africa, as there are teachers shortage in Africa. Democratic Party ex-chairman Martin Lee, also a Roman Catholic, stated that because Zen was still healthy for his age, the Pope may request him to stay in his position. The Democratic Party ( Jyutping: man4 zyu2 dong2 is a pro- Democracy and liberal Political party in the Hong Kong. Martin Lee QC SC JP ( Chinese 李柱銘 Pinyin: Lǐ Zhùmíng born June 8, 1938) was the founding chairman Legislative Council member Audrey Eu praised that Zen was different from other religious leaders in Hong Kong because he was comparatively brave in sharing his political views and also because he carried out his ideas of fairness, equitableness, and philanthropy via actual efforts. Audrey Eu ( LLB ( HKU) LLM ( London) SC, JP was born on 11 September 1953 in Hong Kong On the other hand, some conservatives inside the church speculated that the strained relationship between Beijing and the Holy See will become more relaxed if Zen retires. The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Nonetheless, Zen wrote a letter to the Pope on January 13, 2006 and stated that he did want to retire from his position, though not because of his age. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Speculated secret cardinal

Zen was believed by many to be the secret cardinal appointed by Pope John Paul II, but because this was not announced after the death of the Pope, the answer remained a secret and no one knew who the secret cardinal was, although customarily, cardinals in pectore themselves are often unaware of their clandestine appointment. In pectore ( Latin for "in the breast/heart" is a term used in the Roman Catholic Church to refer appointments to the College of Cardinals Pope Moreover, Zen himself also stated that he was not the secret cardinal. However, the issue is still left unanswered as the late Pope did not leave the name of the Secret Cardinal in writing. Under Vatican rules, the appointment of the Secret Cardinal ends if his identity is not left in writing or revealed before a Pope's death.

Cardinalate

On February 22, 2006, it was confirmed that Zen would be elevated to College of Cardinals by Pope Benedict XVI in the next consistory on March 24, 2006. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The College of Cardinals (verbose Sacred College of the Holy Roman Church, Sancta Romana Ecclesia, S Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger Antiquity Originally the Latin word consistorium meant simply 'sitting together' just as the Greek syn(hedrion (of which the Biblical Sanhedrin Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Zen, who was created Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria Madre del Redentore a Tor Bella Monaca, believed that his elevation would show how important the Pope values the Church in China. A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. The Titular Church of Santa Maria Madre del Redentore a Tor Bella Monaca is one of a number of Titular churches of the Archdiocese of Rome to which Cardinal Priests He was named shortly after to be a member of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments. The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments ( Congregatio de Cultu Divino et Disciplina Sacramentorum) is the congregation of the

Bishop Zen's elevation is welcomed by Catholics in Hong Kong as it is seen as a recognition of the bishop's stance on social justice and as an honour for the church in Hong Kong. Vicar General Rev. Dominic Chan Chi-ming said that it would be an honour to have a cardinal to once again head the diocese. Rev Dominic Chan Chi-ming VG ( 陳志明副主教) is the Vicar General of the Hong Kong Catholic Diocese. Rev. Louis Ha Ke-loon said it shows that even the Pope feels that Bishop Zen should speak out. Democrat legislator Martin Lee added that it is good news because no matter whether he is a bishop or a cardinal, as a religious leader Zen speaks as moral voice of the people.

Since the consistory, Zen has become the only Chinese cardinal under the age of 80 eligible to vote in papal conclaves. His elevation has brought rejoicing to the Church in China (and particularly to underground Catholics) as it is seen as a great sign of hope. Bishop Wei Jingyi of Qiqihar, who is not recognized by the Chinese government, said that it is a "great joy", and that Bishop Zen is "very trustworthy" and uncompromising in his dedication to the Catholic faith. History Qiqihar is one of the oldest cities in the northeast of China and was founded in 1691.

Cardinal Zen offered a Pontifical High Mass in the Tridentine Rite in May 2006, for which he was celebrated and thanked by Indult Catholics around the world. In the context of the Tridentine Mass of the Roman Catholic Church, a Pontifical High Mass, also called Solemn Pontifical Mass, is a Solemn or High The Tridentine Mass (Missa Tridentina is the form of the Roman Rite Mass contained in the typical editions of the Roman Missal that were published Indult Catholics is a term used to denote Roman Catholics who prefer to attend the older Tridentine rite of Mass rather than the ordinary present-day form of the liturgy

Pope Benedict has decided that Cardinal Zen will carry on as the Bishop of Hong Kong despite the fact that he has already reached the mandatory retirement age of 75 on 13 January 2007. It is unclear as to how long he will stay on in his position.

At Pope Benedict XVI's behest, Cardinal Zen wrote the meditations for the traditional Stations of the Cross led by the Pope at the Roman Colisseum on Good Friday,March 21, 2008. Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger Stations of the Cross (or Way of the Cross; in Latin, Via Crucis; also called the Via Dolorosa or Way of Sorrows, or simply The Colosseum or Roman Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium, Italian Anfiteatro Flavio Good Friday, also called Holy Friday or Great Friday, is the Friday preceding Easter Sunday ("Pascha" Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

Relations with the People's Republic of China

After the pope canonized several priests who died during the Boxer Rebellion, Zen (as coadjutor bishop at the time) said that the priests were innocent and great and the Boxers deserved to be punished. The Boxer Rebellion, or Boxer Movement, was an uprising by members of the Chinese Society of Right and Harmonious Fists against foreign influence This angered the Central People's Government, who banned him from visiting mainland China for six years. The Central People's Government is the Central government of the People's Republic of China in Beijing. On May 3, 2004, he visited mainland China for the first time since 1998 and was the first bishop of Hong Kong to visit China since the handover in 1997. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Still, the official newspapers published by the Communist Party of China criticized him. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the

He has also been especially critical of Beijing's response to the Falun Gong spiritualist movement, which China's leaders have outlawed for "trying to overthrow" the Communist Party. Falun Gong ( or Falun Dafa is a spiritual practice founded in China by Li Hongzhi （李洪志） in 1992 Every time the Government requested the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to re-interpret the Basic Law, Zen criticized the Government and mainland China. A similar term is "National Congress" which is a less common translation of People's Political Consultative Conference.

In April and May 2006, Cardinal Zen opposed the episcopal consecration of two bishops in China who belonged to the state-sanctioned Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association. The Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association ( Chinese: 中国天主教爱国会 Pinyin: Zhōngguó Tiānzhǔjiào Àiguó Huì) abbreviated The elevations were without the permission of the Holy See, causing a controversy. The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic In February 2007, in an interview, Cardinal Zen referred the appointments without Vatican permission as a "declaration of war".

Controversy and criticism

Education reform controversies

On June 5, 2005, Zen announced that if the Legislative Council passed a proposal to support the schools to create incorporated management committees on July 8, 2005, he would appeal against the decision to the court. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Education (Amendment) Bill 2002, once enacted, would likely play down the role of the Church in running Catholic schools and in promoting Catholic education.

However, after the Government gave up some argued points in the motion, the Diocese decided to support the motion, though the Diocese later announced plans to prosecute the Government on September 28, 2005. Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

After two teachers committed suicide in early January of 2006, Zen said that these acts must be due to the educational reforms and he asked the government to halt new reforms.

WTO affairs

On December 18, 2005, Zen visited protesters in Wan Chai and tried to visit the detained South Korean Catholics, including two priests and a nun who were reportedly ill-treated by the Hong Kong police. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Wan Chai is a metropolitan area situated at the western part of the Wan Chai District on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, in Hong Kong, China South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː He openly criticised the Hong Kong police for their treatment of the protesters, saying, "As a Hong Kong person, I feel ashamed. I want to apologize to the Korean farmers. What the Hong Kong police leaders have done is not appropriate. "[2] He also called the government a "child" for "doing something nonsense'" . About one month later, several unions in Hong Kong Police Force decided to write a letter to the Pope to complain about Zen's speech. The Hong Kong Police Force is the police force of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Zen replied that some policemen were "sycophantic to the senior officers inside the police force".

However, in the Korean farmer-protesters' pronouncement, the farmers thanked Zen for his unlimited support and his $1000 red packet to every arrested protestor, including the Taiwan student, the Mainlander and the Japanese. In Chinese society, a red envelope or red packet (Known as Hong Bao in Mandarin Ang Pao in Hokkien and Lai See in Cantonese is a Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Mainlanders (also called Inlanders) are people who live in a region considered a "mainland" The are the dominant Ethnic group of Japan. Worldwide approximately 130 million people are of Japanese descent of these approximately 127 million are residents of Japan This caused criticism that Zen was "illegally supporting" the protestors during the prosecution.

Criticisms within the diocese

Several local priests tried to persuade Zen not to participate in any protests before he led the July 1 Protest in 2007. Zen was only allowed to attend the prayer gathering before the protests and protests against the educational reforms. Some Catholics criticized Zen for making the church like a "political party" and posted anti-Zen advertisements in newspapers and on the internet.

In January 2006, Rev. Joseph Lee, Parish Priest of St. Anthony's Church, who, similar to Zen, was born and educated in Shanghai and is a Salesian, said in a television programme that "99% of Catholics disagree with the Bishop," while according to a survey more than 60% of Catholics agree with the Bishop. He also said that Zen seriously harmed the relationship between China and the Holy See.

The second chapter in 2006 of the Catholic official newspaper Kung Kao Po contained criticism and opinions by Rev. See also Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong The Sunday Examiner Diocesan Audio-Visual Centre John B. Kwan Kit Tong against Zen. Four weeks later, Rev. Kwan claimed in the same newspaper that the criticism was not written directly against Zen and that his writing had been misinterpreted by local newspapers.

Quotes

• Do not willingly be slaves of the powerful. (唔好甘心做強權者嘅奴隸) -- Victoria Park, Hong Kong, July 1, 2003
• I can't see sincerity from the government to give us universal suffrage. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. So what if the election committee (to choose the city's leader) is expanded to 1,600 people? What is the next step? There is no direction! -- Ming Pao, November 3, 2005
• As a Hong Kong person, I feel ashamed. Ming Pao ( is a Chinese language Newspaper published by Ming Pao Group in Hong Kong. Events 644 - Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim Caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. I want to apologize to the Korean farmers. What the Hong Kong police leaders have done is not appropriate. -- December 18, 2005 while visiting the protestors
• The Hong Kong Police are the 'disgrace of Hong Kong'. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. -- criticizing the senior officials of the Hong Kong police for not being able to arrest the protesters who caused the violence in Wan Chai during the WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005, but detaining more than 900 peaceful protesters afterwards, --December 2005. Background The Ministerial Conference is the highest decision-making body in the World Trade Organization (WTO meeting at least once every two years and providing political

See also

• Archbishop of Hong Kong
• Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong
• Roman Catholicism in Hong Kong

External links

• Giga-Catholic Information on the Bishops of Hong Kong
• Catholic Pages
• His Biography by the Catholic Church
• Bishop Zen supports referendum for full democracy
• Press Interview with Joseph Zen
• Bishop Joseph Zen Talkasia Transcript
• 'Conscience of HK' Ordained Cardinal
• Police send letter to Pope complaining about Bishop Zen who makes light of it
• Salt and Light interview with Cardinal Zen
• Zenit News Agency about Cardinal Zen's meditations for the Papal Way of the Cross