Joseph F. Guffey (December 29, 1870–March 6, 1959) was an American business executive and Democratic Party politician from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. He represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1935 until 1947. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives
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Early life
Guffey was born at Guffey's Station in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Westmoreland County is a County located in the US state of Pennsylvania. He attended but did not graduate from Princeton University. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. As a Princeton student, he became a devote of Professor Woodrow Wilson. Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. During Wilson's tenure as Princeton president, Guffey, and other former students were vocal supporters of Wilson's Quad Plan. He was instrumental in helping Wilson to secure the Democratic presidential nomination in 1912.
World War II
He was a member of the War Industries Board (Petroleum Service Division), as well as the Director of the Bureau of sales in the Alien Property Custodian's office during World War I. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All He was a member of A. Mitchell Palmer's Pennsylvania political machine. Alexander Mitchell Palmer (May 4 1872 - May 11 1936 was the Attorney General of the United States from 1919 to 1921
Guffey, who owned an oil company with his two sisters, suffered financial setbacks in oil speculation during WWI and was indicted by a federal grand jury for mis-use of the funds under his control as Sales Director. In the Common law, a grand jury is a type of Jury which determines whether there is enough evidence for a trial. The charges were later dropped as part of deal made during the Harding/Coolidge Administrations' Teapot Dome Scandal. Teapot Dome scandal refers to a Bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G He was a member of the Democratic National Committee from 1920 until 1932. The Democratic National Committee (DNC is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis
United States Senate
He was elected to the United States Senate in 1934.
He was the chairperson of the Mines and Mining committee, and was a supporter of the President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930's. The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D He supported the aggressive politics of Henry Wallace, who compared the Republicans with fascists. Henry Wallace may refer to Henry A Wallace (1888&ndash1965 US Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology
Guffey spoke out against Harry J. Anslinger (who had been appointed to lead the newly formed Federal Bureau of Narcotics by his father-in-law Andrew Mellon) for referring to "niggers" in official correspondence. Harry Jacob Anslinger ( May 20, 1892 &ndash November 14, 1975) held office as the Assistant Prohibition Commissioner Andrew William Mellon ( March 24 1855 &mdash August 27 1937) was an American banker industrialist philanthropist art collector He caused a controversy in Pennsylvania when he backed Charles Alvin Jones for the Democratic nomination as governor in 1938, instead of Lieutenant Governor Thomas Kennedy, who was a close associate of mine workers union head John Lewis. Thomas Kennedy ( November 2, 1887 - January 19, 1963) was a miner and president of the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA John Llewellyn Lewis ( February 12, 1880 &ndash June 11, 1969) was an American leader of organized labor who served as president of As the leader of the Democratic political machine, his endorsement gave the nomination to Jones, who later lost the general election (to Republican Arthur James). Arthur Horace James ( July 14, 1883 &ndash April 27, 1973) was an American Politician. Guffey was at the same time working with Lewis, demanding that Pleas E. Greenlee replace Charles F. Hosford Jr. who had been ineffective as chairman of the National Bituminous Coal Commission. Bituminous coal is a relatively soft Coal containing a tarlike substance called Bitumen.
He was reelected in 1940, with Claude Pepper campaigning with him. Claude Denson Pepper (September 8 1900 – May 30 1989 was an American politician of the Democratic Party, and a spokesman for liberalism and the elderly Guffey was less influential after the Republicans took control of the Congress and reversed some of the laws helping labor unions, eventually passing the Taft-Hartley Act after Guffey was defeated by a wide margin in 1946.
Retirement
After leaving the Senate, Guffey retired to Washington, DC, where he died in 1959. Upon his death, he was returned to West Newton, Pennsylvania for burial in the West Newton Cemetery. West Newton, located 33 miles (53 km southeast of Pittsburgh, is a borough in Westmoreland County in the U
He supported President Harry S. Truman's recognition of the State of Israel in 1948. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics.
Bibliography
- Joseph Guffey Papers: Seeley G. Mudd Library, Princeton University
- National Archives: College Park, MD
- United States Senate Archives
- American National Biography; Dictionary of American Biography
- Charles Halt, Seventy Years on the Red-Fire Wagon: From Tilden to Truman, Through New Freedom and New Deal.
- Joseph F. Guffey, New Deal Politician From Pennsylvania. Ph. D. dissertation, Syracuse University, 1965.
- Claude Pepper Center at Florida State University Library (text of campaign speech given March 11, 1940).
- Time Magazine: February 28, 1938; March 28, 1938; June 3, 1946.
See also
External links
| Preceded by David A. Reed |
U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania 1935 – 1947 |
Succeeded by Edward Martin |
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