Joseph Brodsky
Born	May 24, 1940(1940-05-24) Leningrad, Soviet Union
Died	January 28, 1996 (aged 55) New York City, New York, United States
Occupation	Poet, Essayist
Nationality	Russian
Notable award(s)	Nobel Prize in Literature 1987

Joseph Brodsky (May 24, 1940—January 28, 1996), born Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky (Russian: Ио́сиф Алекса́ндрович Бро́дский) was a Russian poet and essayist who won the Nobel Prize in Literature (1987) and was chosen Poet Laureate of the United States (1991-1992). Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" This article is an abbreviated list of Essayists - individuals notable for writing essays on various topics Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" An essay is usually a short piece of writing It is often written from an author's personal point of view. The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress is appointed by the United States Librarian of Congress and earns a stipend of $35000 a year He had an honorary degree from Yale and University of Silesia and was an honorary member of the International Academy of Science. An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding Historical and Social Background The University of Silesia in Katowice was established in 1968 as the ninth university in Poland and is an autonomous The International Academy of Science (IAS is an inter- and transnational academy of science

Contents 1 In the Soviet Union 2 In the United States 3 Ideas 4 Quotes 5 Bibliography 5.1 Works in English, including translations into English 5.2 Works in Russian 6 References 6.1 In Russian 6.2 In Spanish 7 Footnotes 8 External links

In the Soviet Union

Brodsky was born into a Jewish family in Leningrad, the son of a professional photographer in the Soviet Navy. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River A photographer is a person who takes a Photograph using a Camera. The Soviet Navy ( Russian: Военно-морской флот СССР Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR, literally "Naval military forces of the USSR" was In early childhood he survived the Siege of Leningrad. The Siege of Leningrad, also known as The Leningrad Blockade ( Russian: блокада Ленинграда ( transliteration: blokada Leningrada When he was fifteen, Brodsky left school and tried to enter the School of Submariners (школа подводников) without success. He went on to work as a milling machine operator (фрезеровщик) at a plant. Later, having decided to become a physician, he worked at a morgue at the Kresty prison. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health Kresty may refer to Kresty Krasnogorodsky District Pskov Oblast, a village in Krasnogorodsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of He subsequently held a variety of jobs at a hospital, in a ship's boiler room, and on geological expeditions.

At the same time, Brodsky engaged in a program of self-education. He learned English and Polish (mainly to translate poems by Czesław Miłosz, who was Brodsky's favourite poet and a friend), and acquired a deep interest in classical philosophy, religion, mythology, and English and American poetry. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Czesław Miłosz; ( June 30, 1911 — August 14, 2004) was a Polish Poet, prose writer and Translator Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore" The poetry of the United States arose first during its beginnings as the constitutionally unified Thirteen colonies (although before this a strong Later in life, he admitted that he picked up books from anywhere he could find them, including even garbage dumps.

Brodsky began writing his own poetry and producing literary translations around 1957. His writings were apolitical. The young Brodsky was encouraged and influenced by the poet Anna Akhmatova who called some of his verses "enchanting. Anna Akhmatova (А́нна Ахма́това real name А́нна Андре́евна Горе́нко ( — March 5 1966 was the Pen name of Anna Andreevna Gorenko " He had no degree in the liberal arts. The term liberal arts refers to a particular type of educational Curriculum broadly defined as a Classical education.

In 1963, he was arrested and in 1964 charged with parasitism ("тунеядство") by the Soviet authorities. This article describes parasitism as a social offense in Human Society. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 A famous excerpt from the transcript of his trial made by journalist Frida Vigdorova was smuggled to the West:

Judge: And what is your profession, in general?

Brodsky: I am a poet and a literary translator. The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings

Judge: Who recognizes you as a poet? Who enrolled you in the ranks of poets?

Brodsky: No one. Who enrolled me in the ranks of humankind?

Judge: Did you study this?

Brodsky: This?

Judge: How to become a poet. You did not even try to finish high school where they prepare, where they teach?

Brodsky: I didn’t think you could get this from school.

Judge: How then?

Brodsky: I think that it . . . comes from God. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity. ^[1]

For his "parasitism" Brodsky was sentenced to five years of internal exile with obligatory engagement in physical work and served 18 months in Archangelsk region. Exile means to be away from one's home (ie city state or country while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return Manual labour (or manual labor) is physical work done with the hands especially in an unskilled job such as fruit and vegetable picking road building or any Arkhangelsk (Арха́нгельск formerly called Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast The sentence was commuted in 1965 after prominent Soviet and foreign literary figures, such as Evgeny Evtushenko, Dmitri Shostakovich and Jean Paul Sartre, protested. Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko (Евге́ний Алекса́ндрович Евтуше́нко (born July 18, 1933) is a Russian poet Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich ( Russian: ru Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шостакович ( &ndash 9 August 1975 was a Russian Composer Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (21 June 1905 &ndash 15 April 1980 commonly known simply as Jean-Paul Sartre (ʒɑ̃ pol saʁtʁə was a French

In 1964, Leonid Brezhnev came to power. As the Khrushchev Thaw period ended, only four of Brodsky's poems were published in the Soviet Union. Khrushchev's Thaw or the Khrushchev Thaw refers to the period from the mid 1950s to the early 1960s when repression and Censorship in the Soviet Union He refused to publish his writings censored and most of his work has appeared only in the West or in samizdat. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor Samizdat (самиздат was the clandestine copying and distribution of government-suppressed literature or other media in Soviet-bloc

In the United States

On June 4, 1972, Brodsky was expelled from the USSR. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He became a U.S. citizen in 1977. Article I section 8 clause 4 of the United States Constitution expressly gives the United States Congress the power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization His first teaching position in the United States was at the University of Michigan (U-M). The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research He was Poet-in-Residence and Visiting Professor at Queens College, Smith College, Columbia University, and the Cambridge University in England. Queens College, located in Flushing, Queens, New York City, is one of the senior Colleges of the City University of New York. Smith College is a private, independent women's liberal arts college located in Northampton Massachusetts. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland He was a Five-College Professor of Literature at Mount Holyoke College. Mount Holyoke College is a liberal arts women's college in South Hadley, Massachusetts.

He achieved major successes in his career as an English language poet and essayist. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States In 1978, Brodsky was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Letters at Yale University, and on May 23, 1979, he was inducted as a member of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. Doctor of Letters ( Latin: Litterarum doctor; DLitt; or Litt D Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The American Academy of Arts and Letters is a 250-member organization whose goal is to "foster assist and sustain excellence" in American Literature, In 1981, Brodsky received the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation's "genius" award. The John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation is a major private grant -making Private foundation based in Chicago that has awarded more than US$4 billion He is also a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.

In 1986, his collection of essays Less Than One won the National Book Critic's Award for Criticism. In 1987, he won the Nobel Prize for Literature, being the fifth Russian-born writer to do so. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature At an interview in Stockholm airport, to a question: "You are an American citizen who is receiving the Prize for Russian-language poetry. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the Who are you, an American or a Russian?", he responded: "I am Jewish - a Russian poet and an English essayist". ^[2]

In 1991, Brodsky became Poet Laureate of the United States. The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress is appointed by the United States Librarian of Congress and earns a stipend of $35000 a year His inauguration address was printed in Poetry Review. He married Maria Sozzani in 1990. They had one daughter.

Brodsky died of a heart attack in his New York City apartment on January 28, 1996, and was buried in the Episcopalian section at Isola di San Michele cemetery in Venice, Italy. The City of New York The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. San Michele, nicknamed The Island of the Dead, is the Cemetery island of Venice. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Venice is the setting for his book Watermark.

Poets who influenced Brodsky included Osip Mandelstam, W. H. Auden and Robert Frost. Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam (also spelled Mandelshtam) (О́сип Эми́льевич Мандельшта́м ( &ndash December 27, 1938) was a Wystan Hugh Auden (21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973 ˈwɪstən ˈhjuː ˈɔːdən who signed his works W Robert Lee Frost (March 26 1874 &ndash January 29 1963 was an American Poet.

A close friend to the Nobel laureate Derek Walcott, Brodsky has been remembered and memorialised in the latest collection of poetry entitled The Prodigal (pp. Derek Alton Walcott (born January 23, 1930) is a West Indies poet playwright writer and visual artist who writes mainly in English. 26-27).

Ideas

A recurring theme in Brodsky's writing is the relationship between the poet and society. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A society is a Population of Humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive Culture and Institutions In particular, Brodsky emphasized the power of literature to positively impact its audience and to develop the language and culture in which it is situated. He suggested that the Western literary tradition was in part responsible for the world having overcome the catastrophes of the twentieth century, such as Nazism, Communism and the World Wars. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based A world war is a War affecting the majority of the world's most powerful and populous nations During his term as the Poet Laureate, Brodsky promoted the idea of bringing the Anglo-American poetic heritage to a wider American audience by distributing free poetry anthologies to the public through a government-sponsored program. A Poet Laureate is a Poet officially appointed by a government and is often expected to compose poems for State occasions and other government events This proposal was met with limited enthusiasm in Washington.

Quotes

• Were we to choose our leaders on the basis of their reading experience and not their political programs, there would be much less grief on earth. I believe—not empirically, alas, but only theoretically--that for someone who has read a lot of Dickens to shoot his like in the name of an idea is harder than for someone who has read no Dickens.
• Every writing career starts as a personal quest for sainthood, for self-betterment. A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity Sooner or later, and as a rule quite soon, a man discovers that his pen accomplishes a lot more than his soul.
• There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them.

Bibliography

Works in English, including translations into English

Poetry

• 1967: Elegy for John Donne and Other Poems, selected, translated, and introduced by Nicholas William Bethell, London: Longman^[3]
• 1968: Velka elegie, Paris: Edice Svedectvi^[3]
• 1972: Poems, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Ardis^[3]
• 1973: Selected Poems, translated from the Russian by George L. Events Cecil Day-Lewis is selected as the new Poet Laureate of the UK Events The Belfast Group, a grouping of poets in Belfast, Northern Ireland which was started in 1963 in poetry, lapsed in 1966 Events John Betjeman becomes Poet Laureate The Belfast Group, a discussion group of poets in Northern Ireland went out Events Canadian poet and author Michael Ondaatje adapts his 1970 book of poetry The Collected Works of Billy the Kid, into a play which Kline. New York: Harper & Row^[3]
• 1977: A Part of Speech^[4]
• 1977: Poems and Translations, Keele: University of Keele^[3]
• 1980: A Part of Speech, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1981: Verses on the Winter Campaign 1980, translation by Alan Myers. Events British publication Gay News successfully prosecuted in the United Kingdom for blasphemy and libel for publishing James Kirkup's " Events British publication Gay News successfully prosecuted in the United Kingdom for blasphemy and libel for publishing James Kirkup's " Keele University is a research-intensive Campus university located near Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. Events Mark Jarman and Robert McDowell started the small magazine The Reaper to promote narrative and formal poetry Events Final issue of L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E Magazine published First issue of Conjunctions literary journal published Alan Myers is the name of Alan Myers (drummer, Devo drummer Alan Myers (translator, British translator born 1933 –London: Anvil Press^[3]
• 1988: To Urania : Selected Poems, 1965-1985, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1995: On Grief and Reason: Essays, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1996: So Forth : Poems, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1999: Discovery, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 2000: Collected Poems in English, 1972-1999, edited by Ann Kjellberg, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 2001: Nativity Poems, translated by Melissa Green–New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]

Essays

• 1986: Less Than One: Selected Essays, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award^[3]
• 1992: Watermark, Noonday Press; New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1996: On Grief and Reason

Plays

• 1989: Marbles : a Play in Three Acts, translated by Alan Myers with Joseph Brodsky. Events The first annual The Best American Poetry volume is published this year Events February 16 &mdash Announcement that 300 poems by ST Coleridge have been discovered February 17 &mdash Sotheby's Events National Poetry Month was established by the Academy of American Poets in April 1996 as way to increase awareness and appreciation of poetry in Events July 1 &mdash Scotland's Parliament opened with the singing of Robert Burns' "A Man's a Man For A'That" instead of "God Save Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Immediately after the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks W The year 1986 in literature involved some significant events and new books The National Book Critics Circle Award is an annual award given by the National Book Critics Circle (NBCC to promote the finest books and reviews published in The year 1992 in literature involved some significant events and new books The year 1996 in literature involved some significant events and new books The year 1989 in literature involved some significant events and new books Alan Myers is the name of Alan Myers (drummer, Devo drummer Alan Myers (translator, British translator born 1933 –New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux^[3]
• 1991 Democracy! in Granta 30 New Europe, translated by Alan Myers and Joseph Brodsky. The year 1991 in literature involved some significant events and new books Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom. Alan Myers is the name of Alan Myers (drummer, Devo drummer Alan Myers (translator, British translator born 1933

Interviews

• 2003: Joseph Brodsky: Conversations^[3]

Works in Russian

• 1965: Stikhotvoreniia i poemy, Washington, D. The year 2003 in literature involved some significant events and new books Events Meic Stephens founds Poetry Wales Russian poet Anna Akhmatova was allowed to travel outside the Soviet Union C.  : Inter-Language Literary Associates^[3]
• 1970: Ostanovka v pustyne, New York: Izdatel'stvo imeni Chekhova (Rev. Events release of Tomfoolery, an animated film directed by Joy Batchelor and John Halas, based on the nonsense verse of Edward Lear ed. Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ardis, 1989)^[3]
• 1977: Chast' rechi: Stikhotvoreniia 1972-76, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events British publication Gay News successfully prosecuted in the United Kingdom for blasphemy and libel for publishing James Kirkup's " : Ardis^[3]
• 1977: Konets prekrasnoi epokhi : stikhotvoreniia 1964-71, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events British publication Gay News successfully prosecuted in the United Kingdom for blasphemy and libel for publishing James Kirkup's " : Ardis^[3]
• 1977: V Anglii, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events British publication Gay News successfully prosecuted in the United Kingdom for blasphemy and libel for publishing James Kirkup's " : Ardis^[3]
• 1982: Rimskie elegii, New York: Russica^[3]
• 1983: Novye stansy k Avguste : stikhi k M. Events Final edition of This Magazine published March 1 - Dylan Thomas was posthumously honoured by a floor plaque Events Works published in English Australia Les Murray, The People's Otherworld, winner of the 1984 Kenneth Slessor B. , 1962-1982, Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ardis^[3]
• 1984: Mramor, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events December 19 - Philip Larkin turns down the British Poet Laureateship and Ted Hughes becomes Poet Laureate : Ardis^[3]
• 1984: Uraniia : novaia kniga stikhov, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events December 19 - Philip Larkin turns down the British Poet Laureateship and Ted Hughes becomes Poet Laureate : Ardis^[3]
• 1989: Ostanovka v pustyne, revised edition, Ann Arbor, Mich. Events Dead Poets Society, a film incorporating excerpts from many traditional poets ending with the title and opening line of Walt Whitman's lament on the : Ardis, 1989 (original edition: New York: Izdatel'stvo imeni Chekhova, 1970)^[3]
• 1990: Nazidanie : stikhi 1962-1989, Leningrad : Smart^[3]
• 1990: Chast' rechi : Izbrannye stikhi 1962-1989, Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura^[3]
• 1990: Osennii krik iastreba : Stikhotvoreniia 1962-1989, Leningrad: KTP LO IMA Press^[3]
• 1990: Primechaniia paporotnika, Bromma, Sweden : Hylaea^[3]
• 1991: Ballada o malen'kom buksire, Leningrad: Detskaia literatura^[3]
• 1991: Kholmy : Bol'shie stikhotvoreniia i poemy, Saint Petersburg: LP VTPO "Kinotsentr"^[3]
• 1991: Stikhotvoreniia, Tallinn: Eesti Raamat^[3]
• 1992: Naberezhnaia neistselimykh: Trinadtsat' essei, Moscow: Slovo^[3]
• 1992: Rozhdestvenskie stikhi, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta (revised edition in 1996)^[3]
• 1992-1995: Sochineniia, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond, 1992-1995, four volumes^[3]
• 1992: Vspominaia Akhmatovu / Joseph Brodsky, Solomon Volkov, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta^[3]
• 1992: Forma vremeni : stikhotvoreniia, esse, p'esy, Minsk: Eridan, two volumes^[3]
• 1993: Kappadokiia. Events Allen Ginsberg crowned "Majelis King" in Prague on May Day Works published in English Australia Events Allen Ginsberg crowned "Majelis King" in Prague on May Day Works published in English Australia Events Allen Ginsberg crowned "Majelis King" in Prague on May Day Works published in English Australia Events Allen Ginsberg crowned "Majelis King" in Prague on May Day Works published in English Australia Events Forward Poetry Prize created Dana Gioia, writing in The Atlantic Monthly suggests (in an article titled "Can Events Forward Poetry Prize created Dana Gioia, writing in The Atlantic Monthly suggests (in an article titled "Can Events Forward Poetry Prize created Dana Gioia, writing in The Atlantic Monthly suggests (in an article titled "Can Events The Forward Book of Poetry an annual anthology of best British poems is published for the first time by the Forward Poetry Trust Events The Forward Book of Poetry an annual anthology of best British poems is published for the first time by the Forward Poetry Trust Events The Forward Book of Poetry an annual anthology of best British poems is published for the first time by the Forward Poetry Trust Events February 16 &mdash Announcement that 300 poems by ST Coleridge have been discovered February 17 &mdash Sotheby's Events The Forward Book of Poetry an annual anthology of best British poems is published for the first time by the Forward Poetry Trust Events The Forward Book of Poetry an annual anthology of best British poems is published for the first time by the Forward Poetry Trust Events January 20 &mdash Maya Angelou reads "On the Pulse of Morning" at the inauguration of President Bill Clinton T –Saint Petersburg^[3]
• 1994: Persian Arrow/Persidskaia strela, with etchings by Edik Steinberg. Events Allen Ginsberg sells his papers to Stanford University for $1 million –Verona: * Edizione d'Arte Gibralfaro & ECM^[3]
• 1995: Peresechennaia mestnost ': Puteshestviia s kommentariiami, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta^[3]
• 1995: V okrestnostiakh Atlantidy : Novye stikhotvoreniia, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 1996: Peizazh s navodneniem, compiled by Aleksandr Sumerkin. Events February 16 &mdash Announcement that 300 poems by ST Coleridge have been discovered February 17 &mdash Sotheby's Events February 16 &mdash Announcement that 300 poems by ST Coleridge have been discovered February 17 &mdash Sotheby's Events National Poetry Month was established by the Academy of American Poets in April 1996 as way to increase awareness and appreciation of poetry in –Dana Point, Cal. : Ardis^[3]
• 1996: Rozhdestvenskie stikhi, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta, revised edition of a work originally published in 1992^[3]
• 1997: Brodskii o Tsvetaevoi, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta^[3]
• 1998: Pis'mo Goratsiiu, Moscow: Nash dom^[3]
• 1996 and after: Sochineniia, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond, eight volumes^[3]
• 1999: Gorbunov i Gorchakov, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 1999: Predstavlenie : novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, Moscow^[3]
• 2000: Ostanovka v pustyne, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Chast' rechi, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Konets prekrasnoi epokhi, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Novye stansy k Avguste, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Uraniia, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Peizazh s navodneniem, Saint Petersburg: Pushkinskii fond^[3]
• 2000: Bol'shaia kniga interv'iu, Moscow: Zakharov^[3]
• 2001: Novaia Odisseia : Pamiati Iosifa Brodskogo, Moscow: Staroe literaturnoe obozrenie^[3]
• 2001: Peremena imperii : Stikhotvoreniia 1960-1996, Moscow: Nezavisimaia gazeta^[3]
• 2001: Vtoroi vek posle nashei ery : dramaturgija Iosifa Brodskogo, Saint Petersburg: Zvezda^[3]

References

In Russian

• Труды и Дни (Works and Days, 1998) Edited by Pyotr Veil and Lev Losev (Online)
• Строфы века. Events National Poetry Month was established by the Academy of American Poets in April 1996 as way to increase awareness and appreciation of poetry in Events January 20 &mdash Miller Williams of Arkansas reads his poem "Of History and Hope" at President Clinton's inauguration Events Samizdat poetry magazine founded in Chicago (it will run until 2004) Events National Poetry Month was established by the Academy of American Poets in April 1996 as way to increase awareness and appreciation of poetry in Events July 1 &mdash Scotland's Parliament opened with the singing of Robert Burns' "A Man's a Man For A'That" instead of "God Save Events July 1 &mdash Scotland's Parliament opened with the singing of Robert Burns' "A Man's a Man For A'That" instead of "God Save Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Griffin Poetry Prize is established with one award given each year for the best work by a Canadian poet and one award given for best work in the English Events Immediately after the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks W Events Immediately after the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks W Events Immediately after the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks W Events Samizdat poetry magazine founded in Chicago (it will run until 2004) Антология русской поэзии (Verses of the Century, 1995) Edited by Evgeny Evtushenko

In Spanish

• Biografía y poemas en español de Joseph Brodsky

Footnotes

External links

• Literary Encyclopedia
• biographical information about Brodsky
• Short Biography
• (Russian) Brodsky: biography, photos, poems, critical essays
• (Russian) Some prose and essays by Brodsky
• 21 English poems by Brodsky
• [3] (2 translations and short bio)
• Review of Brodsky 's Törnfallet
• Last published interview
• Joseph Brodsky–Biography at Nobelprize. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. org
• Photogallery
• (Russian) Comprehensive site on Brodsky
• (Russian) Interview with Yevgeny Rein giving background on Brodsky's life
• Written in Stone - Burial locations of literary figures. Yevgeny Borisovich Rein (Евгений Борисович Рейн born December 29, 1935, in Leningrad) is a Russian Poet and writer
• Beliy A.A. "Bad physics" by Joseph Brodsky. Neva magazin, №5, SPb, 2007

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic