Captain John Molloy (c. 1789–6 October 1867) was an early settler in Western Australia. Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. He was one of the original settlers of Augusta. Augusta is a town on the south-west coast of Western Australia, where the Blackwood River emerges into Flinders Bay.
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Early life
Little is known about John Molloy's birth and early life, and published accounts vary greatly in their details. His year of birth has been variously claimed as 1760, 1780, 1786 and 1789, with the last of these now considered most reliable. As an adult, Molloy bore a striking resemblance to Prince Frederick Augustus, Duke of York, and in his lifetime it was generally thought that he was an illegitimate son of the Duke. The Prince Frederick Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus 16 August 1763 – 5 January 1827) was a member of the Hanoverian The evidence for this is circumstantial and difficult to interpret; Hardwick (2000) suggests that if such a relationship did exist, then it would most likely have been as a result of the Duke's affair in 1787 with Susanna Hussey, Countess of Tyrconnel. Molloy would have been fostered out to avoid embarrassment.
John Molloy was raised in London by the Molloy family, an Irish family who owned a property in County Kildare. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world County Kildare (Contae Chill Dara is an Irish County located to the southwest of Dublin in the province of Leinster. He was educated at Harrow and (by one account) Oxford, before entering the Royal Navy as a midshipman. Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) For the fish called midshipman see Midshipman fish. The rank of midshipman is one of the oldest ranks still in existence He fought at Trafalgar in 1805, then transferred to the army in 1807 as a Second Lieutenant in the 95th Rifles. The Battle of Trafalgar ( 21 October 1805) was a historic sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer Military rank in many Armed forces. The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own was a regiment of the British Army, and the first to use Military camouflage. He fought in the Peninsular War of 1808–10 and was promoted First Lieutenant in 1809. The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence pitted an alliance of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal against France First Lieutenant is a Military rank. The rank of Lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations (see Comparative military ranks Then, during a two year break in military engagements, he attended Great Marlow. Marlow (previously Great Marlow or Chipping Marlow) is a town and Civil parish within Wycombe district in south Buckinghamshire, England From 1812 to 1814, he fought in the Napoleonic Wars under Wellington, taking part in eight battles. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, KP, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS ( c In 1815 he fought at Waterloo where he was badly wounded and received the Waterloo Medal. In the Battle of Waterloo (Sunday 18 June 1815 near Waterloo Belgium After recovering his health, he returned to active duty, being posted to Glasgow in 1819–20, then Ireland until 1825. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom In 1824 he was promoted to Captain.
Emigration to Western Australia
In 1828, Molloy married Georgiana Kennedy, and began to consider emigrating to Western Australia. Georgiana Molloy ( 23 May 1805 – 8 April 1843) was an early settler in Western Australia, who is remembered as one of the first The Molloys eventually sailed for Western Australia on board the Warrior in October 1829. On arriving at the Swan River Colony in March 1830, Molloy was advised by Governor Stirling that the best land in the area had already been granted. Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829 The Governor of Western Australia is the representative in Western Australia of Australia 's Monarch Queen Elizabeth II. Bold text' ]] ==Family background==He was the fifth son of eight of the fifteen children of Andrew Stirling Esq The Swan River Colony, established in June 1829, was the only British Colony in Australia established on the basis of land grants Stirling suggested instead that the Molloys join with some other newly arrived settlers in forming a subcolony in the vicinity of Cape Leeuwin. Cape Leeuwin (ˈluːwɪn —) is the most south-westerly mainland point of the Australian Continent, in the state of Western Australia. Late in April, a group of prospective settlers including the Molloys and Bussells accompanied Stirling and his official party to the proposed site of the subcolony. The Bussell family were a family of early settlers in colonial Western Australia. After a four-day exploring expedition up the Blackwood River, Stirling confirmed his decision to establish a settlement at the location. The Blackwood River is a major river and catchment in the South West of Western Australia. The settlers' possessions were unloaded, and Molloy was appointed Government Resident and Resident magistrate for the settlement, to be called Augusta. A Resident Magistrate is a title for Magistrates used in certain parts of the world that were or are governed by the British Augusta is a town on the south-west coast of Western Australia, where the Blackwood River emerges into Flinders Bay.
Settlement at Augusta
For the first few years of the settlement, Molloy's main tasks, other than establishment of his own farm, were the allocation of land, and laying out of the townsite. When Molloy named the streets and coastal features of Augusta in 1832, it is notable that he chose the names and titles of the Duke of York, who had died five years previously: Osnaburg Street, York Street, Albany Terrace, Duke's Head and Point Frederick.
Initial relationships with the Aborigines of the area (the Bibbulmun and Wardandi peoples) were friendly, but the relationship soured over the years, as the settlers further encroached on the natives' traditional lands and the natives increasingly "stole" from the settlers. This is an article about a class of people as identified and defined within Australian law By the mid-1830s, natives and settlers had become hostile to one another. In 1837 nine natives were shot in response to the killing of a settler's calf. Molloy, who valued protection of the settlers' property over protection of the natives' lives, took no action in this case. On the other hand, when a settler named George Layman was murdered by a native named Gaywal in February 1841, Molloy led a punitive party against him. Gaywal was ultimately shot dead while trying to escape. In March 1842, Charles Bussell shot a seven-year-old Aboriginal girl in the stomach while interrogating her about the location of some fugitives. Molloy reported the shooting as an accident. After charging Bussell and finding him guilty, Molloy is said to have fined him just one shilling.
Later life
Molloy's wife died in 1843, but Molloy decided to stay on at the settlement. In 1850, he visited England, returning to Western Australia in 1852. In 1859 he transferred to the 9th Foot and was promoted Major and Lieutenant-Colonel, but sold the commission the same day. The 9th Regiment of Foot was a Regiment of the British Army from 1751 to 1881. Major is a Military rank the use of which varies according to country Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies He resigned as Government Resident in March 1851 on grounds of old age. From 1860 on, he gradually turned over management of his property to Richard Gale. Richard Gale (1834– 2 January 1931) was a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 1874 to 1878 He died on 6 October 1867, and was buried alongside his wife. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting
John Molloy's eldest daughter Sabina married Matthew Blagden Hale, who became the first Anglican Bishop of Perth. The Right Reverend Dr Matthew Blagden Hale ( June 18 1811 &ndash April 3 1895) was the first Bishop of Perth, and later Bishop Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs The Anglican Diocese of Perth is one of the twenty three Dioceses of the Anglican Church of Australia. Another daughter Flora married William Locke Brockman. William Locke Brockman (1802– 28 November 1872) was an early settler in Western Australia, who became a leading pastoralist and stock breeder
References
- Hardwick, Gil (2000) The Irish RM: Capt. John Molloy of the Vasse, in The Irish in Western Australia: Studied in Western Australian History, 20. Centre for Western Australian History, Department of History, University of Western Australia. Nedlands, Western Australia. ISBN 0-86422-929-1.
- Hasluck, Alexandra (1955) Portrait with Background: A Life of Georgiana Molloy. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Molley, John |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | settler of Western Australia |
| DATE OF BIRTH | c. 1789 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | |
| DATE OF DEATH | 6 October 1867 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Busselton, Western Australia |
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