John Maitland, 1st Lord Maitland of Thirlestane, (1537 - 3 October 1595), Knight (1581), was Lord Chancellor of Scotland. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's The Lord Chancellor of Scotland was a Great Officer of State in pre- Union Scotland.
He was the second son of Sir Richard Maitland of Thirlestane, Berwickshire, and Lethington, Haddingtonshire, who settled the lands of Thirlestane upon him, and he was sent abroad for his education. Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington and Thirlstane (1496‑ August 1, 1586) was a Senator of the College of Justice, an Ordinary Lord Berwickshire or the County of Berwick is a Registration county, a Committee area of the Scottish Borders Council, and a lieutenancy Lennoxlove House is a 14th century Historic house set in woodlands half a mile south of Haddington in East Lothian, Scotland. East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area.
Upon John Maitland's return, through the influence of his brother, William Maitland, he received the offer of the position of Commendator of Kelso Abbey, which he shortly afterwards exchanged with Francis Stewart, later Earl of Bothwell, for the Priory of Coldingham. Sir William Maitland of Lethington (1525 &ndash June 9, 1573) was a Scottish politician and reformer and the eldest son of the poet Richard Maitland Kelso Abbey is a Scottish abbey built in the 12th century by a community of Tironensian monks (originally from Tiron, near Francis Stewart Earl Bothwell (b c December 1562 - d April 1612 Naples) was Commendator of Kelso Abbey and Coldingham Priory, a Privy Counsellor Coldingham is an historic village in Berwickshire, on southeast Scotland 's coastline north of Eyemouth. This transaction was ratified by Mary, Queen of Scots on April 20, 1567.
Upon the death of his father, he was appointed Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, on April 20, 1567. The office of Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, one of the Great Officers of State, first appears in the reign of David II. He also supported Regent Murray, and sat in his parliaments in December 1567 and August 1568. On June 2, 1568 he was created a Senator of the College of Justice as an Ordinary Lord on the spiritual side. The College of Justice is a term used to describe the Supreme Courts of Scotland, and its associated bodies He retained the rich endowment of Coldingham until 1570.
Following the Regent Murray's assassination, Maitland joined the Lords who met on the Queen's behalf at Linlithgow, and shared in the dangers of the civil war which ensued. James Stewart 1st Earl of Moray (c 1531 &ndash January 23, 1570) was Regent of Scotland from 1567 until his Assassination in 1570 Linlithgow ( pronounced) ( Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Iucha, Scots Lithgae) is a town and former Royal Burgh in At the end of 1570 he was denounced a rebel by the King's party, with his brothers William and Thomas, and they were all forfeited in the parliament which met in the Canongate, the so-called 'cropped parliament'. The Canongate is a small district and former Burgh at the heart of Edinburgh, Scotland 's capital city
John Maitland was deprived of all his offices and benefices, and took refuge in Edinburgh Castle. Edinburgh Castle is an ancient Stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the Upon its surrender on the 29 May 1573 he was sent as a prisoner to Tantallon Castle in Haddingtonshire. Tantallon Castle is a mid 14th century fortress located 5 km (3 miles south-east of North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland. East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. After nine months confinement there he was removed to Hugh, Lord Somerville's house of Cowthallie, under house-arrest with bail at £10,000 Scots. In 1574/5 a Letter of Rehabilitation in his favour, as "Commendator of Coldingham", passed the Great Seal. The Great Seal of Scotland ( Seala Mòr na h-Alba in Gaelic) allows the monarch to authorise official documents without having to sign each document individually
On April 26, 1581, he was reappointed Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland and returned to the Bench. The office of Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, one of the Great Officers of State, first appears in the reign of David II. He was shortly afterwards made a Privy Counsellor, and upon the dismissal of Abbot Pitcairn, appointed Secretary of Scotland on May 18, 1584. A privy council is a body that advises the Head of state of a nation on how to exercise their executive authority, typically but not always in the context of a The Secretary of Scotland was a senior post in the pre- Union government of Scotland. In the parliament which met on the 22nd of that month his doom of forfeiture was reduced, and he was restored to all the honours, heritages, and offices he had formerly possessed. He was appointed Vice-Chancellor on 31 May 1586.
He was also appointed Lord Chancellor of Scotland in 1586, following Arran's disgrace. The Lord Chancellor of Scotland was a Great Officer of State in pre- Union Scotland. In 1589 a powerful combination, headed by the Earls of Huntly, Errol, and Bothwell, &c. , was formed against Maitland. It was intended to meet at Quarryholes, between Leith and Edinburgh, to march in a body to Holyroodhouse, make themselves master of the King's person, and put the Chancellor to death. The Palace of Holyroodhouse, or informally Holyrood Palace, founded as a monastery by David I of Scotland in 1128, has served as the principal residence The King and Maitland were not, however, at Holyroodhouse and the plot failed. Several other plots were formed against him shortly afterwards, but they were all defeated.
He was one of those who accompanied James VI on his matrimonial voyage to Denmark and shortly after his return he was made a Lord of Parliament with the title Lord Maitland of Thirlestane, on May 18, 1590. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe A Lord of Parliament is a member of the lowest rank of Scottish Peerage, ranking below a Viscount.
Sir John Scot of Scotstarvet, writing in 1754, had this to say of the 1st Lord Maitland: "Mr John Maitland, second brother to Secretary Maitland, after he had studied the laws in France, was preferred to be a Lord of Session by the said Earl of Arran's means, and thereafter became Chancellor. Year 1754 ( MDCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or He was one of the Octavians (a name given to eight persons who managed affairs under king James VI), and was created Lord Thirlestane (sic), and was an excellent Latin poet, as his verses inserted in Deliciae poetarum scotorum testify; and King James had such a respect to him, that he made the epitaph engraven on his tomb. Yet the conquest he made of the barony of Liddington (Lethington) from his brother's son, James Maitland, was not thought lawful nor conscientious. "
He was buried in St. Mary's, Haddington, where a splendid monument, with an epitaph, composed by King James VI, was erected to his memory. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James The Commendatorship of Coldingham was bestowed upon Francis Stewart, 1st Earl of Bothwell, eldest son of the late Prior, John Stewart. Francis Stewart Earl Bothwell (b c December 1562 - d April 1612 Naples) was Commendator of Kelso Abbey and Coldingham Priory, a Privy Counsellor
The 1st Lord Maitland of Thirlestane had married Jean (1554 - 1609), daughter of James, 4th Lord Fleming. They had two children: Anne (1589 - 1609) who married Robert Seton, 2nd Earl of Winton (but had no issue), and the heir and successor John Maitland, 1st Earl of Lauderdale, &c. Robert Seton 2nd Earl of Winton and 9th Lord Seton (c 1585 - January 1634 was a Scottish Peer. John Maitland 1st Earl of Lauderdale Viscount of Lauderdale Viscount Maitland and Lord Thirlestane and Boltoun, (d
References
- An Historical Account of the Senators of the College of Justice of Scotland, by Sir David Dalrymple of Hailes, Bt. , re-edited at Edinburgh in 1849, pps: 140-146 (who says he was "probably born in 1545").
- The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with their Descendants, etc. , by Messrs, John and John Bernard Burke, London, volume 1 (1848) pedigree XV, and volume 2 (1851), pedigree LXXXIV.
- History of the Priory of Coldingham, by William King Hunter of Stoneshiel, Edinburgh & London, 1858, pps: 72-3.
- Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, edited by Joseph Jackson Howard, LL. D. ,F. S. A. , volume 2, London, 1876, p. 206.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Richard Maitland | Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland 1567–1571 | Succeeded by George Buchanan |
| Preceded by Earl of Arran | Lord Chancellor of Scotland 1586–1595 | Succeeded by 3rd Earl of Montrose |
| Academic offices | ||
| Preceded by Patrick Adamson Archbishop of St Andrews | Chancellor of the University of St Andrews 1592–1595 | Succeeded by John Lindsay of Balcarres, Lord Menmuir |
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