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John C. Harsanyi
Born May 29, 1920
Budapest, Hungary
Died August 9, 2000
Berkeley, California, US
Residence U.S.
Nationality Hungarian
Fields Economics
Institutions University of California, Berkeley
Alma mater Stanford University
University of Budapest
Doctoral advisor Kenneth Arrow
Known for Bayesian games
Utilitarian ethics
Equilibrium selection
Notable awards Nobel Prize in Economics (1994)

John Charles Harsanyi (Hungarian: Harsányi János Károly) (born May 29, 1920 in Budapest, Hungary; died August 9, 2000 in Berkeley, California, United States) was a Hungarian-Australian-American economist and Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics winner. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement Kenneth Joseph Arrow (born August 23, 1921) is an American Economist and joint winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics In Game theory, a Bayesian game is one in which information about characteristics of the other players (i Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall Utility, that is its contribution to happiness Equilibrium selection is a concept from Game theory which seeks to address reasons for players of a game to select a certain equilibrium over another The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially named The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially named The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk

He is best known for his contributions to the study of game theory and its application to economics, specifically for his developing the highly innovative analysis of games of incomplete information, so-called Bayesian games. Game theory is a branch of Applied mathematics that is used in the Social sciences (most notably Economics) Biology, Engineering, In Game theory, a Bayesian game is one in which information about characteristics of the other players (i He also made important contributions to the use of game theory and economic reasoning in political and moral philosophy (specifically utilitarian ethics[1])as well as contributing to the study of equilibrium selection. Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall Utility, that is its contribution to happiness Equilibrium selection is a concept from Game theory which seeks to address reasons for players of a game to select a certain equilibrium over another For his work, he was a co-recipient along with John Nash and Reinhard Selten of the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Reinhard Selten ( October 5, 1930) is a German economist. Selten was born in Breslau (Wrocław in Lower Silesia Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially named The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk

Contents

Biography

John C. Harsanyi was born in Budapest, Hungary on May 29, 1920. Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar He attended high school at the Lutheran Gymnasium in Budapest, during high school, became the one of the best problem solver of the KöMaL, the Mathematical and Physical Monthly for Secondary Schools. Fasori Gimnázium (lit "secondary school on the tree-lined avenue" fasori=tree lined gimnazium=secondary school also known as Fasori Evangélikus Gimnázium ("Fasori" Founded in 1893, this periodical is generally credited with a large share of Hungarian students' success in mathematics. , he also won the first prize in the Eötvös mathematics competition Eötvös for high school students. [2] Although he wanted to study mathematics and philosophy, his father, who was the owner of a pharmacy, sent him to France in 1939 to enroll in chemical engineering at the University of Lyons. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The University of Lyon ( Université de Lyon) located in Lyon, France, is a center for higher education and research comprising 16 institutions of higher However, because of the start of World War II, Harsanyi returned to Hungary to study pharmacology at the University of Budapest (today: Eötvös Loránd University), earning a diploma in 1944. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [3] As a pharmacology student, Harsanyi escaped conscription into the Hungarian Army which, as a person of Jewish descent, would have meant forced labor. The Military of Hungary, or "Hungarian Armed Forces" currently has two branches the " Hungarian Ground Force " and the " Hungarian Air Force PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ However, in 1944 (after the fall of the Horthy regime and the seizure of power by the Arrow Cross Party) his military deferment was cancelled and he was compelled to join a forced labor unit on the Eastern Front. Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya ( Vitéz nagybányai Horthy Miklós vitez nɒɟbaɲɒi horti mikloʃ German Nikolaus von Horthy und Nagybánya The Arrow Cross Party ( Hungarian: Nyilaskeresztes Párt – Hungarista Mozgalom, literally "Arrow Cross Party-Hungarist Movement" was a Far-right The Eastern Front of World War II (die Ostfront 1941-1945, der Rußlandfeldzug 1941-1945 (Russian campaign or der Ostfeldzug 1941-1945 (Eastern Campaign [2] [4] After seven months of forced labor, when the Nazi authorities decided to deport his unit to a concentration camp in Austria, John Harsanyi managed to escape and found sanctuary for the rest of the war in a Jesuit monastery. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order [2] [3] [5]

After the end of the war, Harsanyi returned to the University of Budapest for graduate studies in philosophy, earning his Ph. D. in 1947. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Being a devout Catholic at the time, he simultaneously studied theology, also joining lay ranks of the Dominican Order. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is He later lost his faith after that, becoming an atheist for the rest of his life. Atheism [3] Harsanyi spent the academic year 1947-1948 on the faculty of the Institute of Sociology of the University of Budapest, where he met Anne Klauber, his future wife. He was forced to resign the faculty because of openly expressing his anti-Marxist opinions, while Anne faced increasing peer pressure to leave him for the same reason. Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. After managing his family's pharmacy for two years, following increased political persecution by the Hungarian communist authorities, Harsanyi decided to escape from Hungary. The People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic (Magyar Népköztársaság was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its In 1950 he fled with Anne and her parents by illegally crossing the border with Austria, then going to Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Here, he and Anne were married in 1951. [2] [3]

In Sydney, while working as a factory laborer, Harsanyi studied economics in the evening courses at the University of Sydney, earning a M. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The University of Sydney (informally Sydney Uni or USyd) is the oldest university in Australia A. in 1953. While studying in Sydney, he started publishing research papers in economic journals, including the Journal of Political Economy and the Review of Economic Studies. The degree allowed him to take a teaching position in 1956 at the University of Queensland in Brisbane. The University of Queensland (UQ is one of Australia's premier learning and research institutions Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland [3] In 1958, he received a Rockefeller scholarship that enabled him and Anne to spend the next two years in the United States, at Stanford University and, for a semester, at the Cowles Foundation. A scholarship is an award of access to an institution or a financial aid award for an individual student scholar for the purpose of furthering their Education The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in The Cowles Commission for Research in Economics is an Economic Research institute, founded in Colorado Springs in 1932 by Alfred Cowles, a businessman At Stanford Harsanyi wrote a dissertation in game theory under the supervision of Kenneth Arrow, earning a second PhD in economics in 1959, while Anne earned an MA in psychology. Game theory is a branch of Applied mathematics that is used in the Social sciences (most notably Economics) Biology, Engineering, Kenneth Joseph Arrow (born August 23, 1921) is an American Economist and joint winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

After working for a short time as a researcher at the Australian National University in Canberra, Harsanyi became frustrated with the lack of interest in game theory in Australia. The Australian National University, commonly abbreviated to ANU, is a public Research university situated in Canberra, Australia. Canberra ( is the capital city of Australia With a population of over 340000 it is Australia's largest inland City. With the help of Kenneth Arrow and James Tobin, he was able to move to the United States, taking a position as professor of economics at the Wayne State University in Detroit between 1961-1963. James Tobin ( March 5, 1918 March 11, 2002) was an American Economist. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Wayne State University is located in Detroit, Michigan, in the city's Midtown Cultural Center. In 1964, he moved to Berkeley, California, he remained at the University of California, Berkeley until retiring in 1990. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley Shortly after arriving to Berkeley, he and Anne had a child, Tom. While teaching at Berkeley, John Harsanyi did extensive research in game theory. Game theory is a branch of Applied mathematics that is used in the Social sciences (most notably Economics) Biology, Engineering, From 1966 to 1968, Harsanyi was part of a team of game theorists tasked with advising the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in collaboration with Mathematica, a consulting group from Princeton University lead by Harold Kuhn and Oskar Morgenstern. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Harold William Kuhn (1925-) is an American Mathematician who studied Game theory. Oskar Morgenstern ( January 24, 1902 – July 26, 1977) was a German born Austrian economist. [2] [3]

John Harsanyi died in 2000 from heart attack in Berkeley, California, after suffering for a time from Alzheimer's disease. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply Alzheimer's disease ( AD) also called Alzheimer disease or simply Alzheimer's, is the most common form of Dementia. [3]

Major Works by Harsanyi

Notes

  1. ^ Economics Faculty Directory
  2. ^ a b c d e John C. Harsanyi, "Autobiography", in Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1994, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1995
  3. ^ a b c d e f g John A. Weymark (2006), "John Charles Harsanyi", working paper no. 06-W07, Vanderbilt University
  4. ^ "Nobel Laureate John C. Harsanyi, UC Berkeley economist and game theory pioneer, dies at 80", HAAS News, UC at Berkeley
  5. ^ "John Harsanyi (1920-2000)" by Ariel Scheib, Jewish Virtual Library

External links

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