For the soul singer, see Johnny Daye

Woodcut of John Day (dated 1562) included in the 1563 and subsequent editions of Actes and Monuments

John Day or Daye (c. 1522^[1] – 23 July 1584) was an English Protestant printer. Johnny Daye is a soul singer from Pittsburgh who released six singles between 1965 and 1968 For the origins of the technique and non-artistic use see Woodblock printing; for the related technique invented in the 18th century see Wood engraving The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of Circa (often abbreviated c, ca, ca or cca and sometimes Italicized to show it is Latin) means "about" Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. A printer is a company that provides commercial Printing services often also offering Typesetting and Book-binding services He specialised in printing and distributing Protestant literature and pamphlets, and produced many small-format religious books, such as ABCs, sermons, and translations of psalms. An Alphabet book is a Book primarily designed for younger readers and writers A sermon is an oration by a Prophet or member of the Clergy. Sermons address a Biblical, theological, or religious topic Psalms ( Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים, or "praises" is a book of the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) included He found fame, however, as the publisher of John Foxe's Actes and Monuments, also known as the Book of Martyrs, the largest and most technologically accomplished book printed in sixteenth-century England. John Foxe (1517 &ndash April 18, 1587) martyrologist is remembered as the author of what is popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of ^[2]

Day rose to the top of his profession during the reign of Edward VI (1547–1553). Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine At this time, restrictions on publishers were relaxed, and a wave of propaganda on behalf of the English Reformation was encouraged by the government of the Lord Protector, Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset. The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England first broke away from the authority of the Pope Lord Protector is a particular British title for Heads of State with two meanings (and full styles at different periods of history } Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset (c 1506 &ndash 22nd January 1552 was Lord Protector of England in the period between the death of Henry VIII in During the reign of the Catholic Queen Mary I, many Protestant printers fled to the continent, but Day stayed in England and continued to print Protestant literature. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death In 1554, he was arrested and imprisoned, presumably for these illicit printing activities. ^[3] Under Queen Elizabeth I, Day returned to his premises at Aldersgate in London, where he enjoyed the patronage of high-ranking officials and nobles, including William Cecil, Robert Dudley, and Matthew Parker. Aldersgate was a gate in the London Wall in the City of London, which has given its name to a ward and Aldersgate Street a road leading north from the Lord Burghley redirects here For other holders of the title see Baron Burghley William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (13 September 1520 &ndash Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester ( 24 June 1532 /1533 &ndash 4 September 1588) was the long standing Favourite of Elizabeth Matthew Parker ( 6 August 1504 &ndash 17 May 1575) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1559 until his death in 1575 With their support, he published the Book of Martyrs and was awarded monopolies for some of the most popular English books, such as The ABC with Little Catechism and The Whole Booke of Psalmes. In Economics, a monopoly (from Greek monos, alone or single + polein, to sell exists when a specific individual or enterprise has sufficient ^[4] Day, whose technical skill matched his business acumen, has been called "the master printer of the English Reformation". ^[5]

Early career

Day's origins and the events of his early life remain obscure. Scholars have assumed that Day was born and raised in Dunwich, but there is no direct evidence that proves this claim. Dunwich (ˈdʌnɨtʃ is a small town in Suffolk, England, within the Suffolk Coast and Heaths AONB. ^[6] He may have been in London by 1540, as his name is mentioned in a city deposition as being a former servant of the printer and physician Thomas Raynalde. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. In 1546, he was probably one of twenty men who were granted the freedom of the city by redemption to work for the Stringers' Company of London. Freedom of the City is an honour bestowed by some municipalities in Australia, Canada, Ireland, France, Italy, New Zealand The Worshipful Company of Bowyers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London, England. ^[7]

The next year, he began printing with a partner, William Seres; the two based their operations at the parish of St Sepulchre in London. William Seres was an English Protestant printer starting work in about 1546 and working in partnership with John Day for a few years St Sepulchre-without-Newgate, also known as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Holborn is an Anglican church in the City of London. ^[8] Day and Seres specialised in religious works, such as those by Robert Crowley, which were largely related to theological controversies of the time. Robert Crowley also Robertus Croleus, Roberto Croleo, Robart Crowleye, Robarte Crole, and Crule (c ^[9] The Protestant Reformation was advancing rapidly, and the laws against the publication of heretical works were being relaxed. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time In 1548, ten of the twenty works that the two men published were devoted to criticizing the Catholic belief of transubstantiation. See also Eucharist (Catholic Church On the related belief that Christ is present in the Eucharist in body blood soul and divinity see Real Presence. ^[7] One of those publications, a satirical poem by Luke Shepherd titled Iohn Bon and Mast Person, almost landed Day in jail. ^[10] Day and Seres also translated important works of Continental Protestantism for the English market, notably Herman von Wied's A Simple and Religious Consultation in 1547. Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the Continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European Hermann of Wied ( January 14, 1477 - August 15, 1552) was elector and Archbishop of Cologne. ^[11]

In 1549, Day opened a new shop in Cheapside, and the next year, he and Seres were successful enough to amicably separate their businesses. Cheapside is a street in Cheap ward of the City of London that links Newgate Street with the junction of Queen Victoria Street Cornhill ^[12] Day set up his new home and printing establishment at Aldersgate in the parish of St Anne and St Agnes and transferred from the Stringers' to the Stationers' Company. Aldersgate was a gate in the London Wall in the City of London, which has given its name to a ward and Aldersgate Street a road leading north from the St Anne and St Agnes is a church located at Gresham Street in the City of London, near the Barbican. The Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers (better known as the Stationers' Company) is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London Day found Aldersgate's foreigner-friendly attributes helpful in attracting skilled Dutch workers, whom he relied on throughout his career. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands ^[11] He soon established himself as a quality printer, and in 1551, he reprinted an elaborate edition of the Bible that he had previously produced with Seres. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin ^[13] The next year, he secured a valuable patent to print the works of John Ponet and Thomas Beccon. The printing patent or printing privilege was a precursor of modern Copyright. John Ponet (c 1514 &ndash August 1556 was the Bishop of Winchester, also Bishop of Rochester and a controversial Protestant religious leader Thomas Beccon (c 1511 - 1567 was a British Protestant reformer from Norfolk. This enraged one of his competitors, Reginald Wolfe, who already held a patent to print Ponet's Catechism in Latin. Reginald (or Reyner) Wolfe (d 1573 was a Dutch -born English Protestant printer and one of the original members of the A catechism (ˈkætəkɪzəm κατηχισμός is a summary or exposition of Doctrine, traditionally used in Christian religious teaching from New Testament Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Eventually, a compromise patent was issued which allowed Wolfe to continue printing the Catechism in Latin and Day to print the work in English. ^[14] Day reaped more benefits from the deal than Wolfe: the English printings were used far more extensively than the Latin ones, and the ABC was eventually appended with Ponet's Catechism. An Alphabet book is a Book primarily designed for younger readers and writers ^[7]

With a reputation for Protestant godliness and connections to people like John Dudley, William Cecil, and Catherine Willoughby, a successful career seemed assured for Day. Lord John Dudley (1501 &ndash 22 August, 1553) was a Tudor general admiral and politician who de facto ruled England in the latter half of King Lord Burghley redirects here For other holders of the title see Baron Burghley William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (13 September 1520 &ndash Catherine Willoughby Duchess of Suffolk, suo jure 12th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby ( 22 March 1519 - 19 September 1580 Unfortunately for Day, Queen Mary ascended the throne in 1553 and the entire religious climate of the country changed. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death For years, it was thought that at the accession of Mary, Day fled to the Continent to avoid persecution. However, typographical and other evidence has convinced scholars that Day set up a clandestine press in premises connected to William Cecil in Lincolnshire,^[15] and that he continued to print Protestant polemical works under the pseudonym Michael Wood. Typography is the art and techniques of arranging type, Type design, and modifying type Glyphs Type glyphs are created and modified using a variety Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs) is a county in the east of England. Polemics (pəˈlɛmɪks/ /poʊ- is the practice of disputing or controverting religious, philosophical, or political matters ^[11][16] The "Michael Wood" pamphlets included Protestant writings by Lady Jane Grey, John Hooper, and Stephen Gardiner, and attacks on Mary and her advisors. Lady Jane Grey (1536/1537&ndash 12 February 1554) also referred to as Queen Jane, a greatniece of Henry VIII of England, was a claimant John Hooper (c1495-1500 &ndash February 9, 1555) was an English churchman Bishop of Gloucester and Worcester. For the British architect see Stephen Gardiner (architect. Stephen Gardiner (c ^[17]

On 16 October 1554, according to the diary of Henry Machyn, Day was caught and sent to the Tower of London for printing "naughty books". Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Henry Machyn (149?-15?? was an English Clothier and Diarist in 16th century London. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London ^[18] In the Book of Martyrs, Foxe records statements made in prison to Day by the future martyr John Rogers, "spake being then in prison, to the Printer of this present booke, who then also was layd up for lyke cause of religion". John Rogers (c 1505 &ndash 4 February 1555) was a minister, Bible translator and commentator and the first English Protestant ^[19] Perhaps because the flight of foreign Protestant workers under Mary was causing a shortage of printers, Day was released the next year and allowed to work again, but only as a jobbing printer. ^[20] He reunited with Seres (also recently released from prison) to produce works of Catholicism for Catholic printer John Wayland, a far cry from the Protestant polemics he printed prior to imprisonment. ^[21] He also served as the official printer of the City of London for two years. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically ^[11]

Elizabethan period

A page from Cuningham's Cosmographical Glasse printed by Day in 1559

With the death of Mary and the accession of Elizabeth I in 1558, Day's business blossomed once more. Day was already close to Cecil, who had now become one of the new Queen's top advisors. Through Cecil, Day was awarded the valuable monopoly on printing ABCs. ^[22] He also befriended Robert Dudley (son of John Dudley), another of Elizabeth's favorites. Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester ( 24 June 1532 /1533 &ndash 4 September 1588) was the long standing Favourite of Elizabeth With the help of his connections, Day was able to obtain a lucrative patent to print William Cuningham's Cosmographical Glasse. ^[23] He produced the first edition in 1559 using a new italic font of the highest quality (probably cut by François Guyot) and a large number of impressive woodcuts. In Typography, italic type /ɪˈtælɪk/ or /aɪˈtælɪk/ refers to cursive Typefaces based on a stylized form of calligraphic Handwriting. In typography a font (also fount) is traditionally defined as a complete character set of a single size and style of a particular Typeface. For the origins of the technique and non-artistic use see Woodblock printing; for the related technique invented in the 18th century see Wood engraving Day absorbed the high production costs himself, since he knew the work would solidify his reputation as a master printer. ^[11] Day's patent to print Cuningham—his first under Elizabeth—gave him exclusive rights to the work for life; it also allowed him to retain a monopoly for seven years on any other original works that were not covered by other patents, were "compiled at Day's expense",^[24] and were "not repugnant to Holy Scripture or the law". ^[7] This stipulation would be an important source of income for the rest of his life.

Day took advantage of the monopoly clause, reestablishing his Edwardian patent for The ABC with Little Catechism. In 1559, he obtained a patent for The Whole Booke of Psalmes, Collected into English Meter, a metrical psalter, compiled mostly by Thomas Sternhold and John Hopkins, that Day first published in 1562. A metrical psalter is a kind of Bible translation: a Paraphrase of all or part of the Book of Psalms in Vernacular Thomas Sternhold (1500 &ndash 1549 was the principal Author of the first English metrical version of the Psalms originally attached to the Prayer-Book ^[25] The Stationers' Company guaranteed Day the right to print all "psalmes in metre with note", in other words, psalms with music. Despite the fact that psalmes had usually been learned by rote, the business proved lucrative, reflecting a rise in musical literacy during the period. ^[26] The Whole Booke of Psalmes became the period's best-selling book and the standard English psalter of its time. ^[7] Day's monopolies on these perennially popular works would be the basis of great wealth over the years and a good deal of conflict between him and his fellow stationers. In legal proceedings towards the end of Day's life, it was estimated that these particular patents were worth between £200 and £500 per year. The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency ^[7]

Actes and Monuments

Woodcut from Day's 1563 first printing of John Foxe's Actes and Monuments depicting the execution of Thomas Cranmer, 1556

In 1563, Day undertook the work for which he is best known, John Foxe's Actes and Monuments (also called The Book of Martyrs). John Foxe (1517 &ndash April 18, 1587) martyrologist is remembered as the author of what is popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of John Foxe (1517 &ndash April 18, 1587) martyrologist is remembered as the author of what is popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of Day and Foxe probably met through Cecil, and the two became close collaborators. Foxe was among those who seized on the advances in the printing trade as a tool for the spread of the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time ^[27] There is a tradition that Foxe, who revised and added material while the book was being set in type, actually lived at Day's shop at Aldersgate during the production of the book; he certainly received correspondence there and visited regularly. Aldersgate was a gate in the London Wall in the City of London, which has given its name to a ward and Aldersgate Street a road leading north from the ^[28] Day heavily invested time and money in the production of Foxe's book, the largest publishing project undertaken in England to that time,^[29] and he took an active part in the compilation of the material. ^[30] Day used changes in type sizes or fonts to distinguish Foxe's editorial insertions from texts of his sources. In typography a font (also fount) is traditionally defined as a complete character set of a single size and style of a particular Typeface. ^[31] The resulting lavish folio filled with woodcuts was an expensive luxury item,^[32] but it sold well and Day profited from his investment. The size of a specific Book is measured from the head to tail of the spine and from edge to edge across the covers

Woodcut from John Foxe's Actes and Monuments depicting the burning of Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley in 1555

Day continued to take on challenging and difficult projects. John Foxe (1517 &ndash April 18, 1587) martyrologist is remembered as the author of what is popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs The Book of Martyrs, by John Foxe, is an Apocalyptically oriented English Protestant account of the Persecutions of Latimer's belief in Christ's return Hugh Latimer said "It may come in my days old as I am or in my children's days the saints shall be taken up to meet Christ in the air Nicholas Ridley is a human name and may refer to Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855-1956 English botanist Nicholas Ridley Baron Ridley of Liddesdale He had already printed the first English book of church music in 1560. In 1567, Matthew Parker, the Archbishop of Canterbury, commissioned Day to print a collection of writings attributed to the tenth-century Aelfric of Eynsham. Matthew Parker ( 6 August 1504 &ndash 17 May 1575) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1559 until his death in 1575 The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the Ælfric of Eynsham (the Grammarian) (c 955 &ndash c 1010 was an English Abbot, as well as a consummate prolific writer in Old English of ^[33] For this work, Day, known for his fine and varied fonts, had the first-ever font of Anglo-Saxon type cut. The cost was borne by Parker, perhaps Day's most important patron. The font may have been designed by François Guyot, a French type-founder known to have worked for Day and lived in his household. ^[34] Day used the same font to print Lambarde's Archaionomia (a collection of Anglo-Saxon laws) in 1568. In typography a font (also fount) is traditionally defined as a complete character set of a single size and style of a particular Typeface. William Lambarde ( October 18, 1536 &ndash August 19, 1601) was an Antiquarian and writer on legal subjects In 1570, he printed Billingsley and Dee's English Euclid, which included folding and movable diagrams—one of the first printed books ever to do so. Sir Henry Billingsley (died November 22, 1606) was Lord Mayor of London and the first translator of Euclid into English John Dee (13 July 1527 – 1608 or 1609 was a noted English mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, occultist In the same year, he printed Ascham's Scholemaster. Roger Ascham (c 1515 - 23 December 1568) English scholar and didactic writer famous for his prose style his promotion of the vernacular

Day and Foxe completed a second edition of the Book of Martyrs in 1570. It was even larger than the first—a total of 2,300 pages in two enormous folio volumes—and at one point, Day ran out of paper (which he imported) and had to paste smaller sheets together to make do. ^[35] This edition received official recognition: William Cecil and the Privy Council directed the church to ensure that copies were available to parishioners, and in 1571, the Convocation ordered that every cathedral church and the household of every senior member of the clergy should own a copy. A Convocation ( Latin 'calling together' translating the Greek Ecclesia) is a group of people formally assembled for a special purpose This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral ^[36] The edition has been recorded as costing sixteen shillings, roughly equivalent to two months' wages for a skilled London clothworker at the time. ^[37]

Final years

By the late 1570s, there was open discontent among the less wealthy members of the Stationers' Company about Day's extensive patents. He was compelled to go to court against printers who pirated works to which he owned the rights. Among those brought to trial was Roger Ward, who admitted to pirating 10,000 copies of ABC with Catechisms in a font which imitated Day's. ^[38] Day's former apprentice and sub-contractor John Wolfe admitted in court that he had pirated The Whole Booke of Psalmes but justified his actions on the grounds that Day's monopolies were a restraint of trade. ^[39] It was Wolfe who led a group of "poor printers", as they called themselves, in a campaign against the patents in the late 1570s. ^[40] As a result of an official investigation, Day was eventually obliged to concede certain titles to the Company for the benefit of the poorer printers, but he kept the titles he printed most. ^[41]

In 1580, Day became Master of the Stationers' Company, and focused vigorously on defending the industry against piracy. Copyright is a legal concept enacted by Governments, giving the creator of an original work of authorship Exclusive rights to control its distribution usually for ^[42] His official powers included the right of "search and seizure", which he did not hesitate to exercise on behalf of the trade or to further his own interests. In 1584, he sent men to break into Wolfe's premises and destroy any materials relating to suspected piracy. Four years before, he had even destroyed his son Richard's printing equipment after Richard had printed the ABC and the Psalmes without his permission. Richard Day ( December 21, 1552 – before 1607 was an English printer, Church of England Clergyman and the son of printer Though Richard was technically co-patentee of these titles, John Day pursued him into the courts and all but destroyed his printing career. ^[43]

In 1582, Day's health began to deteriorate quickly. Though weakening, he raced to complete another edition of Actes and Monuments in 1583, printing it on at least four presses. ^[44] It was unusual for books of this size and ambition to go beyond one or two printings. Holinshed's Chronicles, the only book of the time to rival the Book of Martyrs in scope and reputation, never went into a third edition. Raphael Holinshed (died c 1580 was an English Chronicler whose work commonly known as Holinshed's Chronicles, was one of the major sources used by ^[45]

Day died in 1584 at Walden in Essex. Saffron Walden is a medium-sized market town in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common He married twice and fathered thirteen children in each marriage. ^[7] Day's printer's device showed a sleeper awakening, with the motto "Arise for it is Day," both a play on his name and an allusion to the new era of religious reform, in which he was a significant figure. ^[46]

Notes

References

• Alford, Stephen (2002). Kingship and Politics in the Reign of Edward VI. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521660556.
• Evenden, Elizabeth (2004). "A Biography of John Day" in John Foxe, Acts and Monuments, The Variorum Edition (hriOnline, Sheffield 2004). Retrieved on 2 January 2008. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Evenden, Elizabeth; and Julian Roberts (2004). "Bibliographical Aspects of the Acts and Monuments" in John Foxe, Acts and Monuments, The Variorum Edition (hriOnline, Sheffield 2004). Retrieved on 2 January 2008. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Fairfield, Leslie P (1972). "The Mysterious Press of 'Michael Wood' (1553-1554)". The Library, 5th series: 27 (3). pp. 220-232. Retrieved on 2 January 2008. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Hattaway, Michael (2005). Renaissance and Reformations: An Introduction to Early Modern Literature. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 1405100443.
• King, John N (1999). "The book trade under Edward VI and Mary I". In The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain. Volume 3: 1400-1557. Lotte Hellinga and J. B. Trapp (eds. ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521573467.
• King, John N (2006). Foxe's 'Book of Martyrs' and Early Modern Print Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521863813.
• King, John N (2002). "John Day: master printer of the English Reformation". In The Beginnings of English Protestantism. Peter Marshall and Alec Ryrie (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 ISBN 0521003245.
• Machyn, Henry. Henry Machyn (149?-15?? was an English Clothier and Diarist in 16th century London. "Diary: 1554 (July - Dec)" in Nichols, John Gough: The Diary of Henry Machyn: Citizen and Merchant-Taylor of London (1550-1563), from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1563 (1848). Retrieved on 3 January 2008. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Miller, Miriam. "Day, John". Grove Music Online (subscription required). ed. L. Macy. Retrieved on January 4, 2008. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Pettegree, Andrew (September 2004; online edition: October 2006). "Day, John (1521/2–1584)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Dictionary of National Biography ( DNB) is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history published from 1885 Retrieved on 2 January 2008. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Smith, Jeremy L (2003). Thomas East and Music Publishing in Renaissance England. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195139054.

Further reading

• Evenden, Elizabeth (2008). Patents, Pictures and Patronage: John Day and the Tudor Book Trade. Ashgate. ISBN 075465480X.
• Oastler, Christopher Lewis (1975). John Day, the Elizabethan Printer. Oxford Bibliographical Society: Oxford. ISBN 0901420298.