Johann von Robaii, Baron de Kalb (born Johann Kalb) (June 19, 1721 – August 19, 1780) was a German soldier and volunteer who served as a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1721 ( MDCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 1780 ( MDCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots"
Kalb was born in Hüttendorf near Erlangen, in present-day Bavaria, the son of peasants Johann Leonhard Kalb and Margarethe Seitz. Erlangen is a Middle Franconian City in Bavaria, Germany. It is located at the confluence of the river Regnitz and its large tributary Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 He later learned French, English, and enough social skills to get a substantial military commission in the Loewendal German Regiment of the French Army (where he served as Jean de Kalb). The Military of France encompasses an army, a navy, an air force and a military police force. He served with distinguished honor throughout the War of Austrian Succession in Flanders. The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748 involved nearly all the powers of Europe Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. During the Seven Years' War, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and made assistant quartermaster general in the Army of the Upper Rhine, a division created by the disbanding of the Loewendal Regiment. The Seven Years' War (1756&ndash1763 involved all of the major European powers of the period causing 900000 to 1400000 deaths Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies He won the Order of Military Merit in 1763, giving him his baronic title.
In 1764 he resigned from the Army and married Anna Elizabeth Emilie van Robais, an heiress to a fortune from cloth manufacturing.
In 1768, he traveled to America on a covert mission to determine the level of discontent amongst colonists on behalf of France. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. During the trip, he gained a respect for the colonists and their "spirit of independence. "
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American Revolutionary War
In 1777 he returned again with his protégé, the Marquis de Lafayette, and joined the Continental Army. The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America He was disappointed and angry to learn at first that he would not be made a major general, but was so in fact on September 5, 1777, just before the time he had decided on for leaving for France. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
He was at Valley Forge for most of the 1777–78 winter, and commanded a division of Patterson's and Learned's Brigades. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania was the site of the camp of the American Continental Army over the winter of 1777&ndash1778 in the American Revolutionary War. Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or A division is a large Military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to thirty thousand soldiers Ebenezer Learned ( April 18, 1728 &ndash April 1, 1801) was a brigadier general in the American Continental Army during the Revolutionary During the British southern campaign, he was disappointed to learn that Horatio Gates had been appointed to command instead of him. Horatio Lloyd Gates ( circa 1727&ndash 10 April 1806) was a British soldier turned American General during the Revolutionary At the Battle of Camden on August 16, 1780, de Kalb's horse was killed under him, and he tumbled to the ground, where he was shot three times and bayonetted repeatedly by attacking British. The Armies & Deployments Gates formed up first on the field He had around 3700 troops of which around only 1500 of them were regular troops Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1780 ( MDCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A bayonet (from French baïonnette) is a Knife - Dagger - or spike-shaped Weapon designed to fit on or over the muzzle His friend and aide Le Chevalier du Buysson blocked additional blows with his own body that might have killed the Baron sooner. However, he died three days later while being held as a prisoner of war in Camden, South Carolina. Camden is a city in and the County seat of Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States. He is buried in Camden. [1] His portrait was painted posthumously by Charles Willson Peale. Charles Willson Peale ( April 15, 1741 – February 22, 1827) was an American painter, soldier and naturalist [2]
He died devoted to American independence and was greatly honored by his contemporaries. Several towns and counties in the U. S. are named DeKalb after him.
It has been reported, that at Camden Lord Cornwallis superintended while De Kalb's wounds were dressed by his own surgeons. De Kalb, in reply to a British officer's remarks as to his misfortune said, "I thank you sir for your generous sympathy; but I die the death I always prayed for; the death of a soldier fighting for the rights of man. "
Legacy
In 1886 a monument to Baron de Kalb was erected on the grounds of the Maryland state house to honor his contributions to the revolution. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Maryland State House is located in Annapolis and is the oldest state capitol in continuous legislative use dating to 1772 [3]
Footnotes
References
- Brig. General P. Horry, "The Life of General Francis Marion"; page 107, Publisher Joseph Allen, Philadelphia 1829
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