Johann Fischart (c. 1545 – 1591) was an Alsatian satirist and publicist. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human A publicist is a person whose job is to generate and manage Publicity for a public figure especially a Celebrity, a Business, or for a work
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Biography
Fischart was born, probably, at Strasbourg (but according to some accounts at Mainz), in or about the year 1545, and was educated at Worms in the house of Kaspar Scheid, whom in the preface to his Eulenspiegel he mentions as his cousin and preceptor. Strasbourg (Strasbourg stʁazbuʁ Alsatian: Strossburi,; Straßburg) is the capital and principal City of the Alsace région Mainz (ˈmaɪ̯nʦ (Mayence is a City in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Worms (voɐms is a City in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the Rhine River He appears to have travelled in Italy, the Netherlands, France and England, and on his return to have taken the degree of doctor juris at Basel. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland "Basilia" redirects here For the Fly Genus, see Basilia (fly.
most of his works were written from 1575 to 1581. During this period he lived with, and was probably associated in the business of, his sister's husband, Bernhard Jobin, a printer at Strasbourg who published many of his books. In 1581 Fischart was attached as advocate to the Reichskammergericht (imperial court of appeal) at Speyer. Speyer (English formerly Spires) is a City in Germany ( Rhineland-Palatinate) with approx In 1583, he married and was appointed Amtmann (magistrate) at Forbach near Saarbrücken. Forbach is also a town in south-western Germany. Forbach is a town and commune, in the Moselle département Saarbrücken (ˈzaːɐ̯ˈbrʏkn in German; Sarrebruck is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. He died there in the winter of 1590-1591.
Influence
Thirty years after Fischart's death, his writings, once so popular, were almost entirely forgotten. Recalled to the public attention by Johann Jakob Bodmer and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, it was only around the end of the 1800s that his works came to be a subject of academic investigation, and his position in German literature to be fully understood. Johann Jakob Bodmer ( July 19, 1698 &ndash January 2, 1783) was a Swiss-German Author and Critic. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing ( 22 January, 1729 15 February, 1781) was a German Writer, Philosopher, Dramatist German literature comprises those literary texts written in the German language.
Fischart studied not only ancient literature, but also the literature of Italy, France, the Netherlands and England. He was a lawyer, a theologian, a satirist and the most powerful Protestant publicist of the counter-reformation period; in politics he was a republican. The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the His satire was levelled mercilessly at all perversities in the public and private life of his time, at astrological superstition, scholastic pedantry, ancestral pride, but especially at the papal dignity and the lives of the priesthood and the Jesuits. Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and He indulged in the wildest witticisms, the most extreme caricature; but all this he did with a serious purpose. A caricature is either a Portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness or in literature a description As a poet, he is characterized by the eloquence and picturesqueness of his style and the symbolical language he employed.
Works
Fischart wrote under pseudonyms; such as Mentzer, Menzer, Reznem, Huidrich Elloposkleros, Jesuwalt Pickhart, Winhold Alkofribas Wustblutus, Ulrich Mansehr von Treubach, and Im Fischen Gilts Mischen. There is doubt whether some of the works attributed to him are really his. More than 50 satirical works, in both prose and verse, remain cosnidered his authentic work. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human
Among works believed to be his are:
- Nachtrab oder Nebelkräh (1570), a satire against Jakob Rabe, a Catholic convert
- Von St. Dominici des Predigermonchs und St Francisci Barfussers artlichem Leben (I 571), a poem with the expressive motto Sie haben Nasen und riechens nit ("Ye have noses and smell it not"), written to defend the Protestants against certain accusations, one of which was that Martin Luther held communion with the devil
- Eulenspiegel Reimensweis (written 1571, published 1572)
- Aller Praktik Grossmutter (1572), after Rabelais' Prognostication Pantagrueline, ed. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those The Devil is the Johann Scheible (1847)
- Floh Haz, Weiber Traz (1573), in which he describes a battle between fleas and women, ed. Das Kloster ("the cloister" full title Das Kloster Weltlich und geistlich Flea is the Common name for any of the small wingless Insects of the order Siphonaptera (some authorities use the name Aphaniptera Scheible (1848)
- Affentheuerliche und ungeheuerliche Geschichtschrift yam Leben, Rhaten und Thaten der. . . Helden und Herren Grand gusier Gargantoa und Panta gruel, also after Rabelais (1575, and again under the modified title, Naupengeheurliche Geschichtklilterung, 1577)
- Neue kunstiiche Figuren biblischer Historian (1576)
- Anmahnung zur christlichen Kinderzucht (1576); Das gluckhafft Schiff von Zürich (1576, republished 1828, with an introduction by the poet Ludwig Uhland), a poem commemorating the adventure of a company of Zürich arquebusiers, who sailed from their native town to Strasbourg in one day, and brought, as a proof of this feat, a kettleful of Hirscbrei (millet), which had been cooked in Zürich, still warm into Strasbourg, and intended to illustrate the proverb "perseverance overcomes all difficulties"; Podagrammisch Trostbuchlein (1577, ed. The Arquebus (sometimes spelled harquebus, harkbus or hackbut; from Dutch haakbus, meaning "hook gun" is The millets are a group of small- Seeded Species of Cereal crops or grains widely grown around the world for Food and Fodder Scheible 1848)
- Philosophisch Ehzuchtbuchlein (1578) ed. Scheible (1848)
- the celebrated Bienenk orb des heiligen romischen Imniensckwarms, &c. , a modification of the Dutch De roomsche
- Byen-Korf, by Philipp Marnix of St. Aldegonde, published in 1579 and reprinted in 1847
- Der heilig Brotkorb (1580), after Calvin's Trait des reliques
- Das vierhornige Jesuiterhtlein, a rhymed satire against the Jesuits (1580); and a number of smaller poems. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order
To Fischart also have been attributed some Psalmen und geistliche Lieder which appeared in a Strasbourg hymn-book of 1576.
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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