Joe 4 (Warhead name: RDS-6s (Reaktivnyi Dvigatel Stalina; Stalin's Rocket Engine)) was an American nickname for the first Soviet test of a thermonuclear weapon and was on August 12, 1953. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Nuclear weapon designs are physical chemical and engineering arrangements that cause the physics package of a nuclear weapon to detonate Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It was not a "true" hydrogen bomb—it was similar to a "boosted" fission bomb rather than a multi-stage, megaton-range fusion weapon. The Teller–Ulam design is a Nuclear weapon design which is used in Megaton -range Thermonuclear weapons and is more colloquially referred to as "the A boosted fission weapon usually refers to a type of Nuclear bomb that uses a small amount of fusion fuel to increase the rate and thus yield of a fission It utilized a scheme in which fission and fusion fuel were "layered", a design known as the Sloika (Russian: Слойка, named after a type of layer cake) model in the Soviet Union. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages A layer cake is a Cake consisting of multiple layers usually held together by frosting or another type of filling A similar design was earlier theorized, but never tested, in the USA as the "Alarm Clock".
The Soviet thermonuclear weapons program initially researched two weapon designs. One design was the Sloika (RDS-6s), the other design was the Truba (RDS-6t). The RDS-6t was a two stage gun-type bomb with a deuterium-tritium secondary and was similar to the U. Deuterium, also called heavy hydrogen, is a Stable isotope of Hydrogen with a Natural abundance in the Oceans of Earth Tritium (ˈtɹɪtiəm symbol or, also known as Hydrogen-3) is a radioactive Isotope of Hydrogen. S. “classical Super” design. However, when the United States detonated a hydrogen bomb in the Pacific in 1952 (Ivy Mike), higher priority was given to the RDS-6s design, which was considered to be more likely to work. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Operation Ivy was the eighth series of American nuclear tests, coming after Tumbler-Snapper and before Upshot-Knothole. [1]
Joe 4 detonated with a force equivalent to 400 kilotons of TNT. Units of mass There are three similar units of Mass called the ton: Long ton (simply ton in countries such as the United Trinitrotoluene ( TNT) is a Chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO23CH3 The Soviet physicist Yuli Khariton estimated that Joe 4's yield was 15% to 20% fusion, the rest fission boosted by the fast neutrons released in the fusion. Yulii Borisovich Khariton ( Ю́лий Бори́сович Харито́н, February 27, 1904 - December 18, 1996) was a Soviet In Physics and Nuclear chemistry, nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple- like charged atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus Nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of an atom into parts (lighter nuclei) often producing Free neutrons and other smaller nuclei which may The neutron temperature, also called the neutron energy, indicates a free neutron's Kinetic energy, usually given in Electron volts The term Being a single-stage weapon, though, it was not capable of being scaled up indefinitely like "true" hydrogen bombs (see Teller-Ulam design for more details on the distinctions between fusion weapons). The Teller–Ulam design is a Nuclear weapon design which is used in Megaton -range Thermonuclear weapons and is more colloquially referred to as "the
Despite its inability to be scaled into the megaton range, the detonation was used by Soviet diplomats as leverage. The Soviets claimed that they too had a hydrogen bomb, but unlike the United States' first thermonuclear weapon, theirs was deployable (i. e. could be dropped from a bomber). Despite this claim, U. S. experts disputed its standing as a "true" hydrogen bomb. The United States did not develop a deployable version of its hydrogen bomb until 1954. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) The Sloika model was never widely deployed.
The first Soviet test of a "true" hydrogen bomb was on November 22, 1955, the RDS-37 warhead. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) RDS-37 was the Soviet Union's first "true" (staged Hydrogen bomb, first tested on November 22, 1955. All were at Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan. The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS was the primary testing venue for the Soviet Union 's Nuclear weapons. Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan ( Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, qɑzɑqˈstɑn Казахстан, Kazakhstán,) officially the
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See also
References
- David Holloway, Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy 1939-1956 (Yale University Press, 1995), ISBN 0-300-06664-3
- Alexei Kojevnikov, Stalin's Great Science: The Times and Adventures of Soviet Physicists (Imperial College Press, 2004), ISBN 1-86094-420-5
- Richard Rhodes, Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb (Simon and Schuster, 1995), ISBN 0-684-80400-X
Notes
External links
- Soviet and Nuclear Weapons History
- Soviet/Russian Nuclear Arsenal
- Video footage of the Joe-4 Nuclear Test