Jerry Brown
California Attorney General Jerry Brown
31st California Attorney General
Incumbent
Assumed office  2007
Governor	Arnold Schwarzenegger
Preceded by	Bill Lockyer
44th Mayor of Oakland
In office January 4, 1999 – January 8, 2007
Preceded by	Elihu M. Harris
Succeeded by	Ronald V. Dellums
34th Governor of California
In office January 6, 1975 – January 3, 1983
Lieutenant	Mervyn M. Dymally (1975 - 1979) Michael Curb (1979 - 1983)
Preceded by	Ronald Reagan
Succeeded by	George Deukmejian
24th California Secretary of State
In office 1971 – 1975
Governor	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	H.P. Sullivan
Succeeded by	March Fong Eu
Born	April 7, 1938 (1938-04-07) (age 70) San Francisco, California
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Anne Gust
Alma mater	University of California, Berkeley
Profession	Politician
Religion	Roman Catholic

Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr. (born April 7, 1938), is the current Attorney General and former governor of the State of California. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The California Attorney General is the State Attorney General of the Government of the state of California in the USA. The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Brown has had a lengthy political career spanning terms on the Los Angeles Community College Board of Trustees (1969-1971), as California Secretary of State (1971-1975), as Governor of California (1975-1983), as chair of the California Democratic Party (1989-1991), the Mayor of Oakland (1998-2006), and the Attorney General of California (2007-present). The Secretary of State of California is the chief elections officer of that U The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses The California Democratic Party is the local branch of the Democratic Party in the state of California. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U The California Attorney General is the State Attorney General of the Government of the state of California in the USA. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nominations for president in 1976, 1980 and 1992, and was an unsuccessful Democratic nominee for the United States Senate in 1982. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The United States presidential election of 1976 followed the resignation of President Richard M The United States presidential election of 1980 featured a contest between incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter and his Republican opponent Ronald Reagan The United States presidential elections of 1992 featured a battle between incumbent President, Republican George H The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Since Brown's terms in office are not covered by term limits that came into effect in 1990, he is not barred from running for Governor again. The 2010 California gubernatorial election will be held on November 2 2010, with the primary election on June 8, and will include

Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Legal career and entrance into politics 3 Governorship 4 1976 presidential campaign 5 1980 presidential campaign 6 Defeat and return 7 1992 presidential campaign 8 Radio show host 9 Mayor of Oakland 10 Attorney General 10.1 Election 10.2 Norman Hsu affair 11 Electoral history 12 Personal life 13 Political criticism of Brown 14 References 15 Bibliography 16 External links

Early life and education

Brown was born in San Francisco, the only son of former San Francisco lawyer, District attorney and later Democratic governor Edmund G. "Pat" Brown Sr. He graduated from St. Ignatius High School and studied at Santa Clara University. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown Sr ( April 21, 1905 February 16, 1996) was the 32nd Governor of California, serving This article is about the high school in San Francisco California. Santa Clara University is a private co-educational Jesuit -affiliated University located in Santa Clara, California. In 1958, he entered Sacred Heart Novitiate, a Jesuit seminary, intending to become a Catholic priest. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is a specialized and often live-in Higher education institution for the purpose of instructing students Roman Catholicism in the United States has grown dramatically over the country's history from being a tiny minority faith during the time of the Thirteen Colonies A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities

However, Brown left the seminary and entered the University of California, Berkeley, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Classics in 1961. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley Brown went on to Yale Law School and graduated with a Juris Doctor in 1964. Yale Law School, or YLS, is the Law school of Yale University in New Haven Connecticut. Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional

After law school, Brown worked as a law clerk for Mathew Tobriner, who was a justice for the Supreme Court of California, and studied in Mexico and Latin America. A law clerk or a judicial clerk is a person who provides assistance to a Judge in researching issues before the Court and in writing opinions Mathew Oscar Tobriner ( 1904 - April 7, 1982) was an Associate Justice on the California Supreme Court from July 1962–January 1982 The Supreme Court of California is the State supreme court in California. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.

Legal career and entrance into politics

Brown returned to California but initially failed the bar exam. ^[1] After passing the bar Brown settled in Los Angeles and joined the law firm of Tuttle & Taylor. A bar association is a Professional body of Lawyers Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their Jurisdiction Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more Lawyers to engage in the practice of law In the late 1960s, he entered politics by organizing migrant workers and anti-Vietnam War groups. The term migrant worker has different official meanings and connotations in different parts of the world the United Nations' definition is very broad essentially including anyone Opposition to US involvement in the Vietnam War is significant because domestic protest in the U In 1969, he ran for the newly created Los Angeles Community College Board of Trustees, which oversaw community colleges in the city, and placed first in a field of 124, helped by the alphabetical placement of names on the ballot and his family's name recognition. A community college is a type of Educational institution. The term has different meanings in different countries

In 1970, Brown was elected California Secretary of State. Secretary of State is an official in the State governments of 47 of the 50 states of the United States, as well as Puerto Rico and other U Brown used the position, which was historically limited in power, to bring suits against corporations such as Standard Oil of California, International Telephone and Telegraph, Gulf Oil, and Mobil for violation of campaign-finance laws and argued in person before the California Supreme Court. Gulf Oil was a major global oil company from the 1900s to the 1980s The Exxon Mobil Corporation, or ExxonMobil, is an American oil and gas Corporation and a direct descendant of John D Campaign finance in the United States is the financing of electoral campaigns at the federal, state, and local levels. The Supreme Court of California is the State supreme court in California.

Brown also enforced laws requiring members of the California State Legislature to disclose sources of campaign funds and investigated allegedly falsely-notarized documents that had allowed Richard Nixon to claim a large tax deduction. The California State Legislature is the state legislature of the U A tax deduction or a tax-deductible expense affects a taxpayer's Income tax. Brown also played an important role in the drafting and passage of the California Fair Political Practices Act. These highly-publicized actions resulted in statewide acclaim, and led to his election as governor in the next statewide election.

Governorship

In 1974, Brown was elected governor of California, succeeding the Republican Governor Ronald W. Reagan, who was retiring from office after serving two terms, and who, himself, had become governor after defeating Brown's father, Edmund G. "Pat" Brown, Sr., in the 1966 election. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown Sr ( April 21, 1905 February 16, 1996) was the 32nd Governor of California, serving Jerry Brown took office in 1975.

Strongly opposed to the Vietnam War, Brown had a broad base of support from California's young liberals who dominated the political scene. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Upon election, he refused many of the privileges and trappings of the office, forgoing the grand California Governor's Mansion (which was sold under Brown in 1983) and instead rented a modest apartment. Instead of riding as a passenger in chauffeured limousines as previous governors had done, Brown was driven to work in a compact sedan, a Plymouth Satellite from the state vehicle pool. A limousine (or limo) is a longer than normal Luxury car. The chassis may have been extended by the manufacturer or by an independent coach builder traditionally The Plymouth Satellite was an Automobile introduced in 1965 as the top model in Plymouth's mid-size Belvedere line

During his two-term, eight-year governorship, Brown had a strong interest in environmental issues, which were being highlighted during the decade. Brown appointed J. Baldwin to work in the newly-created California Office of Appropriate Technology, Sim Van der Ryn as State Architect, and Stewart Brand as Special Advisor. James Tennant Baldwin (born 1933 (whose books and articles have been published under the names J Sim Van der Ryn is acknowledged as a leader in "sustainable architecture Stewart Brand (born December 14, 1938 in Rockford Illinois) is an Author, editor, and creator of The Whole Earth Catalog He appointed John Bryson, the CEO of Southern California Electric Company and a founding member of the Natural Resources Defense Council, chairman of the California State Water Board in 1976. John E Bryson is the former Chairman Chief Executive Officer and President of Edison International, the parent company of Southern California Edison. Brown reorganized the California Arts Council, boosting its funding by 1300 percent and appointing artists such as environmentalist and poet Gary Snyder. Gary Snyder (born May 8, 1930) is an American Poet (often associated with the Beat Generation

In 1975, Brown obtained the repeal of the "depletion allowance," a tax break for the state's oil industry, despite the efforts of the lobbyist Joe Shell, a former intraparty rival to Richard M. Nixon. Lobbying includes all attempts to influence Legislators and officials whether by other legislators constituents or organized groups Joseph Claude Shell Sr ( September 7 1918 – April 7 2008) was an American Oil producer and Lobbyist Brown aimed his fire at "big oil" in an era of popular environmental activism on the West Coast. The decisive vote against the allowance was cast in the California State Senate by the usually pro-business Republican Senator Robert S. Stevens. Userpolbot from http//bioguidecongressgov/scripts/biodisplaypl?index=S000886 Shell claimed that Stevens had promised him that he would support keeping the allowance: "He had shaken my hand and told me he was with me. " recalled Shell. Brown later rewarded Stevens with a judicial appointment, but Stevens was driven from the bench for making salacious telephone calls. ^[2]

Brown appointed the first black (Wiley Manuel), woman (Rose Bird), and Latino (Cruz Reynoso) to the California Supreme Court. Wiley W Manuel (1927 &ndash 1981 was an associate justice on the Supreme Court of California from 1977 &ndash 1981 and the first African American to serve on the Rose Elizabeth Bird ( November 2, 1936 &ndash December 4, 1999) served for 10 years as the 25th Chief Justice (and first female Justice & only Cruz Reynoso (born May 2, 1931) was the first Chicano person to serve on the California Supreme Court.

Like his father, Brown strongly opposed the death penalty and, as Governor, vetoed death penalty, but legislature overrode the veto in 1977. Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays He also appointed judges who opposed capital punishment. As presidential candidate he also states his opposition. In 1960 he lobbied his father, then Governor, to spare the life of Caryl Chessman and reportedly won a 60-days stay for him^[3][4]. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Caryl Whittier Chessman ( May 27, 1921 &ndash May 2, 1960) was a convicted robber and rapist who gained fame as a

Currently, as Attorney General, he is obligated to represent the state in fighting death penalty appeals and stated that he will follow the law, regardless of his personal beliefs^[5].

1976 presidential campaign

While serving as governor, Brown twice ran for the Democratic nomination for president. The first time, in 1976, Brown entered the race very late in the primary season as the focus of a movement to stop the nomination of former Governor of Georgia Jimmy Carter, who many in the party felt was unelectable because of a perceived limited record as a one-term governor. Colonial governors James Oglethorpe, Resident Trustee, 1733 - 1743 ( Oglethorpe County) William Stephens, James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002

Citing his record of having curbed his state's spending and balanced its budget while expanding services in the area of welfare, employment, and consumer and environmental protection, Brown proclaimed his belief that there would soon be a voter backlash against expansive and costly government policies. "This is an era of limits, and we had all better get used to it," he declared. Brown's name began appearing on primary ballots in May and he won a big victory in Maryland, followed by Nevada, and his home state of California. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. Brown missed the deadline in Oregon, but he ran as a write in candidate and finished a strong third behind Carter and Senator Frank Church of Idaho, another late candidate. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. For his son Frank Forrester Church IV the Unitarian Universalist minister and theologian see Forrest Church. The State of Idaho ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States of America. Brown is often credited with winning the New Jersey and Rhode Island primaries, but in reality, uncommitted slates of delegates that Brown advocated in those states finished first. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. Rhode Island ( officially named the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States Despite this success, he was unable to stall Carter's momentum, and his rival was nominated on the first ballot at the 1976 Democratic National Convention. The 1976 National Convention of the US Democratic Party met at Madison Square Garden in New York City, from July 12 to July

1980 presidential campaign

In 1980, Brown challenged Carter for renomination. His candidacy had been anticipated by the press ever since he won reelection in 1978 over the Republican Evelle Younger, the biggest margin in California history, 1. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Evelle Jansen Younger ( June 19 1918 - May 4 1989) was Attorney General of California from 1971-1979 3 million votes, but he had trouble gaining traction in both fundraising and polling. This was widely believed to be the result of the more prominent candidacy of liberal icon, Senator Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy (born February 22 1932 is the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts and a member of the Democratic The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

As his campaign that year was much longer, Brown's 1980 platform, which he declared to be the natural result of combining Buckminster Fuller's visions of the future and E.F. Schumacher's theory of "Buddhist economics", was much expanded from 1976. Richard Buckminster “Bucky” Fuller ( July 12, 1895 &ndash July 1, 1983) was an American Architect, Author Ernst Friedrich "Fritz" Schumacher ( 16 August 1911 &ndash 4 September 1977) was an internationally influential Economic Buddhist economics is a set of economic principles partly inspired by Buddhist beliefs that individuals ought to do good work in order to ensure proper human Gone was his "era of limits" slogan, replaced by a promise to, in his words, "Protect the Earth, serve the people, and explore the universe. " Three main planks of his platform were a call for a constitutional convention to ratify the Balanced Budget Amendment, a promise to increase funds for the space program, and, in the wake of the 1979 Three Mile Island accident, opposition to nuclear power. Alternative meaning Constitutional convention (political custom A constitutional convention is a gathering for the purpose of writing a new The Balanced Budget Amendment is any one of various proposed amendments to the United States Constitution which would require a balance in the projected Revenues This is a list of government agencies engaged in activities related to Outer space and Space exploration. The Three Mile Island accident of 1979 was the most significant accident in the history of the American commercial Nuclear power generating industry Nuclear power is any Nuclear technology designed to extract usable Energy from atomic nuclei via controlled Nuclear reactions

On the subject of the 1979 energy crisis, Brown decried the "Faustian bargain" that he claimed Carter had entered into with the oil industry, and declared that he would greatly increase federal funding of research into solar power. The 1979 (or second) oil crisis in the United States occurred in the wake of the Iranian Revolution. Faust or Faustus ( Latin for "auspicious" or "lucky" is the protagonist of a classic German Legend in which he makes The petroleum industry includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transporting (often by Oil tankers and pipelines Solar energy is the Light and radiant heat from the Sun that powers Earth 's Climate and Weather and sustains Life He endorsed the idea of mandatory non-military national service for the nation's youth, and suggested that the Defense Department cut back on support troops while beefing-up the number of combat troops. National service is a common name for mandatory or voluntary government service programs (most often focusing on military service The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government He described the health care industry as a "high priesthood" engaged in a "medical arms race" and called for a market-oriented system of universal health care. Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing The term arms race, in its original usage describes a competition between two or more parties for real or apparent military supremacy Universal health care is health care coverage which is extended to all eligible residents of a governmental region

As his campaign began to attract more and more members of what some more conservative commentators described as "the fringe", including activists like Jane Fonda, Tom Hayden, and Jesse Jackson, Brown's polling numbers began to suffer. Jane Fonda (born December 21 1937 is an American Academy Award winning Actress, Writer, political activist, former Fashion Thomas Emmet Hayden (born December 11 1939) is an American social and political activist and politician most famous for his involvement Jesse Louis Jackson Sr (born October 8 1941 is an American Civil rights activist and Baptist minister. He received only 10% of the vote in the New Hampshire primary and he was soon forced to announce that his decision to remain in the race would hinge on a good showing in the Wisconsin primary. The New Hampshire primary is the first in a series of nationwide Political party Primary elections held in the United States every four years as part of Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States Although he had polled well there throughout the primary season, a disastrous and bizarre attempt at filming a live, special effects-filled, thirty-minute commercial (produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola) led to the melt-down of his candidacy. The illusions used in the Film, Television, Theater, or Entertainment industries to simulate the imagined events in a story are traditionally called Francis Ford "Frank" Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award -winning American Film director, He received just 12% of the vote in the primary. He withdrew from the race the next day, having spent $2 million, won no primaries, and received exactly one delegate to the convention.

Defeat and return

In 1982, Brown chose not to seek a third term as Governor, which was allowed at that time. Instead he ran for the U.S. Senate for the seat held by Republican S.I. Hayakawa. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Samuel Ichiye Hayakawa ( July 18 1906 &ndash February 27 1992) was a Canadian -born American academic and political That year, his alleged mishandling of a medfly infestation of the state's fruit farms sent his approval ratings into a nosedive, and he was defeated by Republican Pete Wilson by a margin of 51 to 45 percent. Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly, or medfly for short is a species of Fruit fly capable of wreaking extensive damage to Peter Barton Wilson (born August 23 1933 is an American Politician from California. Republican George Deukmejian won the governorship in 1982, succeeding Brown, and was reelected in 1986. Courken George Deukmejian Jr (born June 6 1928) is an American Politician from California who served as the Republican After his Senate defeat in 1982, many considered Brown's political career to be over. During the 1980s, Brown traveled to Japan to study Buddhism, studying with Christian/Zen practitioner Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle under Yamada Koun-roshi. Aiun-ken Hugo Makibi Enomiya-Lassalle (1898–1990 was one of the foremost teachers to embrace both Roman Catholic Christianity and Zen Buddhism Yamada Koun Zenshin (1907—1989 or Koun Yamada, was the former leader of the Sanbo Kyodan lineage of Zen Buddhism, the Dharma heir of his He also visited Mother Teresa in Calcutta, India, where he ministered to the sick in one of her hospices. Mother Teresa, Blessed Teresa of Calcutta, (born August 26, 1910 – September 5, 1997) was an Albanian ref>Spink Palliative care (from Latin palliare to cloak is any form of medical care or treatment that concentrates on reducing the severity of Disease Symptoms

Upon his return from abroad in 1988, he announced that he would stand as a candidate to become chairman of the California Democratic Party. The California Democratic Party is the local branch of the Democratic Party in the state of California. Brown won the position in 1989 against the less experienced Steve Westly. Steven Paul Westly (born August 27, 1957, in Arcadia California) is an American Businessman and Politician. Westly criticized Brown as the candidate of moneyed interests. Westly later went on to be enormously successful with eBay, served as California's State Controller from 2002-2006, and in 2006 ran in the Democratic primary for Governor, but lost to Phil Angelides. eBay Inc is an American Internet company that manages eBaycom an Online auction and shopping Website in which people and businesses buy and Philip Nicholas "Phil" Angelides (ˌændʒɨˈliːdɨs (born June 11, 1953 in Sacramento California) is a California Politician

Brown experienced an abbreviated tenure that could best be described as controversial. He greatly expanded the party's donor base and enlarged its coffers, with a focus on grassroots organizing and get out the vote drives, but was criticized for not spending enough money on TV ads, which was felt to have contributed to Democratic losses in several close races in 1990. For other meanings see Grass roots (disambiguation. A grassroots movement (often referenced in the context of a Political movement " Get out the vote," sometimes " GOTV," is a term used to describe two categories of political activity both aimed at increasing the number of votes cast In early 1991, Brown abruptly resigned his post and announced that he would run for the Senate seat held by the retiring Alan Cranston. Alan MacGregor Cranston ( June 19 1914 – December 31 2000) was an American Journalist and Democratic Senator Although Brown consistently led in the polls for both the nomination and the general election, he quickly abandoned the campaign, deciding instead to run for the presidency for a third time.

1992 presidential campaign

When he announced his intention to run for president against President George H.W. Bush, many in the media and his own party dismissed his campaign as an ego-trip with little chance of gaining significant support. George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12 1924 served as the forty-first President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 Ignoring them, Brown embarked on an ultra-grassroots campaign to, in his words, "take back America from the confederacy of corruption, careerism, and campaign consulting in Washington". Grassroots democracy is a tendency towards designing political processes where as much decision-making authority as practical is shifted to the organization's lowest geographic Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain Career is a term defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as an individual's "course or progress through life (or a distinct portion of life" A consultant (from the Latin consultare means "to discuss" from which we also derive words such as consul and counsel) is a Professional To the surprise of many, Brown was able to tap a populist streak in the Democratic Party. Populism is a discourse which supports "the people" versus "the Elites " Populism may involve either a political philosophy urging social and political

In his stump speech, first used while officially announcing his candidacy on the steps of Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Brown told listeners that he would only be accepting campaign contributions from individuals and that he would accept no contribution over 100 dollars. A political stump speech is a standard speech used by a Politician running for office Independence Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Campaign finance refers to the means by which money is raised for election campaigns. Continuing with his populist reform theme, he assailed what he dubbed "the bipartisan Incumbent Party in Washington" and called for term limits for members of Congress. Reform Movement redirects here For specific organizations by that name see Reform Movement (disambiguation A reform movement is a kind In a Two-party system (such as in the United States) bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a See also Rotation in office A term limit is a legal restriction that limits the number of terms a person may serve in a particular elected office The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Citing various recent scandals on Capitol Hill, particularly the recent House banking scandal and the large congressional pay-raises from 1990, he promised to put an end to Congress being a "Stop-and-Shop for the monied special interests". Capitol Hill, aside from being a Metonym for the United States Congress, is the largest historic residential Neighborhood in Washington D The House banking scandal broke in early 1992 when it was revealed that the United States House of Representatives allowed members to overdraw their House checking A convenience store is a small store or shop. They are often located alongside busy roads or at gas/petrol stations. An interest group (also advocacy group, lobby group, pressure group or special interest group) is an organized collection of people who seek

As he campaigned in various primary states, Brown would eventually expand his platform beyond a policy of strict campaign finance reform. Campaign finance reform is the common term for the political effort in the United States to change the involvement of money in Politics, primarily in Political Although he would focus on a variety of issues throughout the campaign, most especially his endorsement of living wage laws and his opposition to free trade agreements such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), he mostly concentrated on his tax policy, which had been created specifically for him by Arthur Laffer, the famous supporter of supply-side economics who created the Laffer curve. Living wage is a term used to describe the minimum hourly wage necessary for a person to achieve some specific standard of living Free trade is a system in which the trade of goods and services between or within countries flows unhindered by government-imposed restrictions Arthur Betz Laffer Sr (born August 14, 1940) in Youngstown Ohio, is a supply side Economist who became influential during the Supply-side economics is an arguably heterodox school of Macroeconomic thought that argues that economic growth can be most effectively created using incentives for In Economics, the Laffer curve is used to illustrate the idea that increases in the rate of Taxation may sometimes decrease Tax revenue. This plan, which called for the replacement of the progressive income tax with a flat tax and a value added tax, both at a fixed 13% rate, was decried by his opponents as regressive. A progressive tax is a Tax imposed so that the Tax rate increases as the amount subject to taxation increases A flat tax (short for flat rate tax is a Tax system with a constant tax rate Value added tax ( VAT) or goods and services tax ( GST) is a consumption Tax levied on value added. Nevertheless, it was endorsed by The New York Times, The New Republic, and Forbes, and its raising of taxes on corporations and elimination of various loopholes, which tended to favor the very wealthy, proved to be popular with voters. The New Republic ( TNR) is an American Magazine of politics and the arts Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business This was, perhaps, not surprising, as various opinion polls taken at the time found that as many as three-quarters of all Americans believed the current tax code to be unfairly biased toward the wealthy. An opinion poll is a survey of Public opinion from a particular sample.

Quickly realizing that his campaign's limited budget meant that he could not afford to engage in conventional advertising, Brown began to use a mixture of alternative media and unusual fundraising techniques which was derided at the time as "silly", but would later be dubbed "revolutionary". Alternative media are media (newspapers radio television movies Internet etc Fundraising is the process of soliciting and gathering Money or other gifts in-kind by requesting donations from individuals businesses charitable foundations or governmental Unable to pay for actual commercials, Brown used frequent cable television and talk radio interviews as a form of free media to get his message to the voters. Talk radio is a Radio format containing discussion about topical issues In order to raise funds, he purchased a toll-free telephone number, which adorned all of his campaign paraphernalia. A toll-free, Freecall, Freephone, or 800 number is a special Telephone number, in that the Called party is charged the cost of the During the campaign, Brown's constant repetition of this number (at rallies, during interviews, and in the middle of debates), combined with the ultra-moralistic language he used, led some to describe him as a "political televangelist". Debate ( American English) or debating ( British English) is a formal method of interactive and position representational Argument. Moralism is the firm belief that humans are instilled with morals which govern themselves and by following these morals humans can achieve a more meaningful life than they would if Televangelism is the use of Television to communicate the Christian faith

Despite poor showings in the Iowa caucus (1. The Iowa caucuses are an electoral event in which residents of the U 6%) and the New Hampshire primary (8. The New Hampshire primary is the first in a series of nationwide Political party Primary elections held in the United States every four years as part of 0%), Brown soon managed to win narrow victories in Maine, Colorado, Nevada, Alaska, and Vermont, but he continued to be considered an also-ran for much of the campaign. The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean The State of Colorado ( or chiefly by nonresidents) is a state located in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States of America. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It was not until shortly after Super Tuesday, when the field had been narrowed to Brown, former Senator Paul Tsongas of Massachusetts, and frontrunning Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas, that Brown began to emerge as a major contender in the eyes of the press. In the United States Super Tuesday, in general refers to the Tuesday in February or March of a presidential election year when the greatest number of states hold Paul Efthemios Tsongas (ˈsɒŋgəs ( February 14, 1941 – January 18, 1997) was a United States Senator from Massachusetts The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Arkansas ( is a state located in the southern region of the United States.

On March 17, Brown forced Tsongas from the race when he received a strong third-place showing in the Illinois primary and then defeated the senator for second place in the Michigan primary by a wide margin. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. Exactly one week later, he cemented his position as a major threat to Clinton when he eked out a narrow win in the bitterly-fought Connecticut primary. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America.

As the press now focused on the primaries in New York and Wisconsin, which were both to be held on the same day, Brown, who had taken the lead in polls in both states, made a serious gaffe: he announced to an audience of various leaders of New York City's Jewish community that, if nominated, he would consider the Reverend Jesse Jackson as a vice-presidential candidate. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States The word error has different meanings and usages relative to how it is conceptually applied The City of New York PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Jesse Louis Jackson Sr (born October 8 1941 is an American Civil rights activist and Baptist minister. Jackson, who had made a pair of anti-Semitic comments about Jews in general and New York City's Jews in particular while running for president in 1984, was still a widely hated figure in that community and Brown's polling numbers suffered. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) On April 7, he lost narrowly to Bill Clinton in Wisconsin (37-34), and dramatically in New York (41-26). Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor

Although Brown continued to campaign in a number of states, he won no further primaries. Despite this, he still had a sizable number of delegates, and a big win in his home state of California would deprive Clinton of sufficient support to win the nomination, which Brown apparently thought would revert to him by default. After nearly a month of intense campaigning and multiple debates between the two candidates, Clinton managed to defeat Brown in this final primary by a margin of 48% to 41%. Although he did not win the nomination, Brown was able to boast of one accomplishment: At the following month's Democratic National Convention, he received the votes of 596 delegates on the first ballot, more than any other candidate but Clinton. The 1992 National Convention of the US Democratic Party nominated Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas for President and Senator

Radio show host

Beginning in 1995, Brown hosted a daily call-in talk show on the local Pacifica Radio station, KPFA-FM, in Berkeley. Pacifica Radio is a network of five independently operated non-commercial listener-supported Radio stations in the United States that is known for its progressive KPFA (941 FM) is a listener-funded Progressive talk radio and music Radio station located in Berkeley California, broadcasting to the Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in Northern California, in the United States. Both the radio program and Brown's political action organization, based in Oakland, were called We the People. Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U His programs, usually featuring invited guests, generally explored alternative views on a wide range of social and political issues, from education and health care to spirituality and the death penalty. He strongly critiqued both the Democratic and Republican parties, often referring to himself as a "recovering politician" (a phrase intended as an analogy to the term "recovering alcoholic"). Alcoholics Anonymous ( AA) is an informal meeting society for recovering and recovered alcoholics, with the stated purpose to help its members "to stay sober and

Mayor of Oakland

In early 1998, Brown announced that he was leaving the Democratic Party and changed his party registration to "Decline To State". Decline to State (DTS is an affiliation designation on the California voter registration form that allows voters to register to vote without choosing a party affiliation He terminated his radio show that same year in order to run for the nonpartisan office of Mayor of Oakland. (All municipal and county offices in California are by law nonpartisan, but candidates can be registered with any party they wish. )

In June 1998, he was elected mayor of the city of Oakland, and took office in January 1999. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Prior to taking office, Brown also campaigned to get the approval of the electorate to convert Oakland's weak mayor political structure (the mayor as chairman of the city council and official greeter) to a strong mayor structure (the mayor as chief executive over the nonpolitical city manager and thus the various city departments and not a council member). The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern A city manager is an official appointed as the administrative manager of a City, in a council-manager form of city government This strong mayor structure in many ways is similar to that of the nearby city of San Francisco. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Within a few weeks of his inauguration, one of his first acts as Mayor of Oakland was to invite the United States Marine Corps to stage war games titled Urban Warrior in the defunct Oakland Army Base and on the closed grounds of the Oak Knoll Naval Hospital after the National Park Service rejected the Marines' request to use Crissy Field in San Francisco. Operation Urban Warrior is a United States Marine Corps (USMC program created as an exercise meant to plan and test Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain ( MOUT The Oakland Army Base, also known as the Oakland Army Terminal, was a former United States Army base in the San Francisco Bay Area of California The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation Now a large park in San Francisco, Crissy Field was originally an airfield part of the United States' Presidio Army Base Hundreds of Oakland citizens and anti-military activists rallied against the exercise. Other efforts included acquiring millions of dollars in state and federal funding to open two charter schools that are now among the top-ranked in Oakland. Brown also formulated the 10k Plan to attract 10,000 new residents to the City's downtown and this was a Major campaign bullet for his re election. Brown was reelected with over 60 percent of the vote in 2002.

Much to the dismay and anger of his progressive supporters, Brown's politics as Mayor of Oakland were more centrist. He explained this ideological shift as dealing with the realities of being a big-city mayor with real problems. After having left the Democratic Party because he felt that it no longer stood up for progressive ideals, Brown re-registered as a Democrat shortly thereafter. In 2000, Brown endorsed Al Gore for President shortly before the California primary. Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former

In 2003, Brown and fellow Democratic Mayor Jim Hahn of Los Angeles praised Republican Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger for his decisive actions regarding the suppression of the reinstitution of portions of the vehicle license fee (labeled by opponents as the "car tax") and some restoration of state funding for city governments, implying that Gray Davis (who had been Governor Brown's Chief of Staff in the 1970s) had acted poorly in this regard. James Kenneth "Jim" Hahn (born July 3, 1950) is an American politician from the Democratic Party. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger ( German ˌaɐnɔlt aloʏs ˈʃvaɐtsənɛɡɐ born July 30 1947 is an Austrian American Bodybuilder, Actor Joseph Graham Davis Jr (born December 26 1942 better known as Gray Davis, is an American politician who served as California 's 37th Governor

Attorney General

Election

In early 2004, Brown expressed his interest to be a candidate for the Democratic nomination for Attorney General of California in the 2006 election. The California Attorney General is the State Attorney General of the Government of the state of California in the USA. On May 18, 2004, he formally filed the necessary papers to begin his campaign for the nomination, including a sworn declaration with the statement "I meet the statutory and constitutional qualifications for this office (including, but not limited to, citizenship, residency, and party affiliation, if required)". Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

Brown had an active Democratic primary opponent, Los Angeles City Attorney Rocky Delgadillo. Rockard John "Rocky" Delgadillo (born July 15 1960) is the current City Attorney of Los Angeles California. Delgadillo put most of his money into TV ads attacking Brown and spent $4. 1 million on the primary campaign. Brown defeated Delgadillo, 63% to 37%. In the general election, Brown defeated Republican State Senator Charles Poochigian 56. A state senator is a member of a state's Senate, the Upper house in the Bicameral legislature of 49 U Charles S "Chuck" Poochigian (born May 31, 1949) is a former Republican California State Senator 3% to 38. 2%, which was the largest margin of victory in any statewide race except the US Senate in which Dianne Feinstein's opponent did not mount a strong challenge. ^[6]

In the final weeks leading up to Election Day, Brown's eligibility to run for Attorney General was challenged in what Brown called a "political stunt by a Republican office seeker" (Contra Costa County Republican Central Committee chairman and state GOP vice-chair candidate Tom Del Beccaro). Contra Costa County ( Spanish for "opposite coast" is a suburban county in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U Republican plaintiffs claimed Brown did not meet California's eligibility requirements for the office of Attorney General: according to California Government Code §12503, "No person shall be eligible to the office of Attorney General unless he shall have been admitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the state for a period of at least five years immediately preceding his election or appointment to such office. " Legal analysts called the lawsuit "frivolous" because Brown was admitted to practice law in the State of California on June 14, 1965, and had been so admitted to practice ever since. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Although ineligible to practice law because of his voluntary "inactive status" in the State Bar of California from January 1, 1997 to May 1, 2003, he was nevertheless still "admitted to practice". The State Bar of California is California 's official Bar association. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Because of this difference the case was eventually thrown out. ^[7][8]

Norman Hsu affair

Attorney General Brown's office played a role in events surrounding prominent Democratic Party fundraiser Norman Hsu in 2007. Norman Yung Yuen Hsu (pronounced "soo" (Chinese 徐詠芫 born October 1951 is a convicted pyramid investment promoter who associated himself with the Apparel Hsu had voluntarily returned to California in response to a 1992 warrant for failing to appear for sentencing in a fraud conviction. ^[9] Brown's office negotiated a 50% reduction in bail with Hsu's attorneys, but the court did not accept the agreement and imposed the full $2 million bail specified in the arrest warrant. ^[10][11] Additionally, Brown's office did not challenge releasing Hsu on bail without turning in his passport. After being released on bail, Hsu fled the state with his passport. ^[12] Hsu was quickly apprehended by federal authorities in Colorado. ^[13]

Brown received a $3,000 political contribution from an associate of Norman Hsu in 2005,^[14] and a lawsuit filed against Hsu by an Orange County investment company alleged that Brown praised Hsu at a 2006 Democratic Party event. ^[15] Brown's spokesman stated that Brown may have stopped briefly at the event but did not praise Hsu "or in any way vouch for him. "^[15]

Electoral history

Public Offices
Office	Type	Location	Elected	Term began	Term ended
Secretary of State	Executive	Sacramento	1970	January 2, 1971	January 4, 1975
Governor	Executive	Sacramento	1974	January 4, 1975	January 2, 1979
Governor	Executive	Sacramento	1978	January 2, 1979	January 5, 1983
Mayor	Executive	Oakland	1998	January 4, 1999	January 6, 2003
Mayor	Executive	Oakland	2002	January 6, 2003	January 8, 2007
Attorney General	Executive	Sacramento	2006	January 8, 2007	January 3, 2011

California Secretary of State, 1970^[16] Won. The Secretary of State of California is the chief elections officer of that U Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) This is the list of Mayors of the city of Oakland California, which was founded in 1852 In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. This is the list of Mayors of the city of Oakland California, which was founded in 1852 In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The California Attorney General is the State Attorney General of the Government of the state of California in the USA. In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. 2011 ( MMXI) will be a Common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

• Jerry Brown (D) - 3,234,788 (50. 41%)
• James L. Flournoy (R) - 2,926,613 (45. 61%)
• Thomas M. Goodloe, Jr. (American Independent) - 144,838 (2. 26%)
• Israel Feuer (Peace and Freedom) - 110,184 (1. 72%)

California Democratic gubernatorial primary, 1974^[17] Won. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar.

California gubernatorial election, 1974^[18] Won. The 1974 California gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1974.

1976 Democratic presidential primaries^[19] Second place (15. The United States presidential election of 1976 followed the resignation of President Richard M 43%) in field of 17.

1976 Democratic National Convention^[20] Third place of 17, 301 delegates out of 3006. The 1976 National Convention of the US Democratic Party met at Madison Square Garden in New York City, from July 12 to July

California Democratic gubernatorial primary, 1978^[21] Won. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar)

California gubernatorial election, 1978^[22] Won. The 1978 California gubernatorial election occurred on November 7, 1978.

1980 Democratic presidential primaries^[23] 4th place in field of 6. The United States presidential election of 1980 featured a contest between incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter and his Republican opponent Ronald Reagan

California Democratic senatorial primary, 1982^[24] Won. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar)

California United States Senate election, 1982^[25] Second place (44. 78%) in field of 5.

Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1992^[26] Second place (20. Candidates During the aftermath of the Gulf War, then President Bush 's approval ratings were extremely high 20%) in field of 26.

1992 Democratic National Convention Second place (596 of 4276 delegates) in field of 9. The 1992 National Convention of the US Democratic Party nominated Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas for President and Senator

Election for Mayor of Oakland, 1998: Won.

Election for Mayor of Oakland, 2002: Won.

California Attorney General primary election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Jerry Brown	1,552,949	63. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. 2
	Democratic	Rocky Delgadillo	903,549	36. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Rockard John "Rocky" Delgadillo (born July 15 1960) is the current City Attorney of Los Angeles California. 8
Total votes			2,456,498
Majority			649,400	26. 4
Turnout

California Attorney General general election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Jerry Brown	4,756,184	56. Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a Ballot in an Election. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. 3
	Republican	Chuck Poochigian	3,220,429	38. Charles S "Chuck" Poochigian (born May 31, 1949) is a former Republican California State Senator 1
	Green	Michael Sutton Wyman	195,130	2. One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party 3
	Libertarian	Kenneth A. The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 Weissmann	176,469	2. 1
	Peace and Freedom	Jack Harrison	100,797	1. The Peace and Freedom Party ( PFP) is a ballot-listed minor Political party in California. 2
Total votes			8,449,009
Majority			1,535,755	16. 2
Turnout
	Democratic hold		Swing

Personal life

A bachelor as governor and mayor, Brown achieved some prominence in gossip columns for dating high-profile women, the most notable of whom was the singer Linda Ronstadt. Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a Ballot in an Election. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Swing in a British political context is a single figure used as an indication of the scale of voter change between two political parties Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15 1946 in Tucson Arizona) is an American popular vocalist and Entertainer whose vocal styles in a variety

In March 2005, Brown announced his engagement to his partner since 1990, Anne Gust, former chief counsel for Gap. The Gap Incorporated ( is an American clothing and accessories retailer based in San Francisco California, and founded in 1969 by Donald Fisher They were married on June 18 in a ceremony officiated by Senator Dianne Feinstein in the Rotunda Building in downtown Oakland. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Dianne Goldman Berman Feinstein (ˈfаɪnˌstаɪn (born June 22, 1933) is the senior U They had a second, religious ceremony later in the day in the Roman Catholic church in San Francisco where Brown's parents had been married. Brown and Gust live near downtown Oakland, at the former Sears Roebuck Building, with their black Labrador, Dharma. Sears Roebuck and Company, commonly known as Sears, is an American mid-range chain of International Department stores founded by Richard

Political criticism of Brown

As Governor, Brown proposed the establishment of a state space academy and the purchasing of a satellite that would be launched into orbit to provide emergency communications for the state—a proposal similar to one that would indeed eventually be adopted by the state. This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite. In 1978, Mike Royko, at the time a Chicago Sun-Times columnist, nicknamed Brown "Governor Moonbeam" because of the latter idea. Michael "Mike" Royko ( September 19, 1932 &ndash April 29, 1997) was a newspaper Columnist in Chicago, Illinois The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily Newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. The nickname quickly became associated with his quirky politics, which were considered eccentric by some in California and the rest of the nation. In 1992, almost 15 years later, Royko would disavow the nickname, proclaiming Brown to be "just as serious" as any other politician.

In 2006, the murder rate in Oakland in the first two months was triple the same period in 2005,^[27] leading some critics to suggest that Brown had failed to make the city safer. ^[28] Violent crime decreased by a third during his tenure, however, and he attempted to enact several innovative anti-crime programs, including a night curfew for convicted felons. His campaigns to fix the schools, fill downtown with residents, create an "arts" city and curb crime have had mixed success.

Brown was also ridiculed in the 1979 song "California Über Alles" by the band the Dead Kennedys. " California Über Alles " was the first single by the Dead Kennedys. Dead Kennedys was an American Hardcore punk band from San Francisco, California.

References

Bibliography

• Bollins, John C. and Robert G. Williams. Jerry Brown: In a Plain Brown Wrapper (Pacific Palisades, California: Palisades Publishers, 1978). ISBN 0-913530-12-3
• Rapaport, Roger. California Dreaming: The Political Odyssey of Pat & Jerry Brown (Nolo Press Berkeley CA 1982) ISBN 0-917316-48-7
• Brown, Jerry. Dialogues (Berkeley, California: Berkeley Hills Books, 1998). ISBN 0-9653774-9-0
• Lorenz, J. D. Jerry Brown: The Man on the White Horse (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co, 1978). ISBN 0-395-25767-0
• McDonald, Heather. "Jerry Brown’s No-Nonsense New Age for Oakland", City Journal, Vol. City Journal is a Quarterly Magazine, published by the Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, a free market think tank based out of New York 9, No. 4, Autumn 1999.
• Pack, Robert. Jerry Brown, The Philosopher-Prince (New York: Stein and Day, 1978). ISBN 0-8128-2437-7
• Schell, Orville. Brown (New York: Random House, 1978). ISBN 0-394-41043-2

External links

• Office of California Attorney General Jerry Brown
• Official Web Site of the Brown Campaign
• Brown's Typepad Blog
• Jerry Brown Blog at Huffington Post
• Gubernatorial Biography from the State of California
• A spirited defense of Brown
• ELECTION 2006: Jerry Brown envisions still another public role
• "For Many, Jerry Brown Is the Life of the Party By John Balzar, Los Angeles Times
• Oakland California official website
• Newsmaker of the Week: Jerry Brown (30-min. interview, free)

Political offices
Preceded by H.P. Sullivan	California Secretary of State 1971 – 1975	Succeeded by March Fong Eu
Preceded by Ronald Reagan	Governor of California 1975 – 1983	Succeeded by George Deukmejian
Preceded by Elihu Harris	Mayor of Oakland, California 1999 – 2007	Succeeded by Ronald V. Dellums
Preceded by Bill Lockyer	California Attorney General 2007–present	Incumbent

HP Sullivan was the Secretary of State of California from 1970- '71, after Frank M The Secretary of State of California is the chief elections officer of that U Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. March Kong Fong Eu ( Chinese: 江月桂 Pinyin: Jiāng Yuèguì (born March 29 1922 in Oakdale California) is an American The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Courken George Deukmejian Jr (born June 6 1928) is an American Politician from California who served as the Republican Elihu Mason Harris is a former US Democratic Party Politician and college administrator This is the list of Mayors of the city of Oakland California, which was founded in 1852 Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Ronald Vernie "Ron" Dellums (born November 24 1935 is the current Mayor of Oakland, California William Westwood Lockyer (born May 8 1941) is the current State Treasurer of California. The California Attorney General is the State Attorney General of the Government of the state of California in the USA.

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