Jemaah Islamiyah
a Southeast Asian militant Islamic organization
Years active: 1993–present
Known for:
Having killed 202 civilians in the Bali car bombing on October 12, 2002. The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali.

For the Egyptian organization of the same name, see al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya. For the Southeast Asian organization of the same name see Jemaah Islamiyah.

Jemaah Islamiyah^[1] (JI, Arabic phrase meaning "Islamic Group" or "Islamic Community"; in Arabic, الجماعه الإسلاميه) is a Southeast Asian militant Islamic organization dedicated to the establishment of a Daulah Islamiyah^[2] (Islamic State) in Southeast Asia incorporating Indonesia, Malaysia, the southern Philippines, Singapore and Brunei^[3]. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Singapore Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام JI was added to the United Nations 1267 Committee's list of terrorist organizations linked to al-Qaeda or the Taliban on 25 October 2002^[4] under UN Security Council Resolution 1267. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The The Taliban ( طالبان, also anglicised as Taleban; translation "students" is a Sunni Islamist, predominately UN Security Council Resolution 1267 ( 1999) established a sanctions regime to cover individuals and entities associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden

JI has its roots in Darul Islam (DI, meaning "House of Islam"), a radical movement in Indonesia in the 1940s. Darul Islam was an Islamic group in Indonesia that is considered to be more closely related to extremists than to Jemaah Islamiyah. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. JI was formally founded on 1 January 1993 by JI leaders, Abu Bakar Bashir and Abdullah Sungkar^[5] while hiding in Malaysia from the persecution^[6] of the Suharto Government. Abu Bakar Bashir (also Abubakar Ba'asyir, Abdus Somad, and Ustad Abu ("Teacher Abu" born August 17 1938 is an Indonesian Muslim Abdullah Sungkar (1937 - November 1999 founded and led Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamic terrorist and separatist organization Suharto, also spelled Soeharto (June 8 1921 &ndash January 27 2008 was an Indonesian military leader and the second President of Indonesia, holding After the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998, both men returned to Indonesia. Suharto, also spelled Soeharto (June 8 1921 &ndash January 27 2008 was an Indonesian military leader and the second President of Indonesia, holding ^[7] where it gained a terrorist edge when one of its founders, the late Abdullah Sungkar, established contact with Osama Bin Laden's al-Qaeda network. Abdullah Sungkar (1937 - November 1999 founded and led Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamic terrorist and separatist organization Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The ^[8]

JI’s violent operations began during the communal conflicts in Maluku and Poso. The Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Moluccan Islands, the Spice Islands or simply Maluku) are an Archipelago Poso is the main ort and transportation hub for the northeastern coast of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. ^[9]. It shifted its attention to targeting US and Western interests in Indonesia and the wider Southeast Asian region in response to the US-led war on terror. The War on Terrorism (also known as the War on Terror) is the common term for the military political and legal, and ideological conflict and specifically for U JI’s terror plans in Southeast Asia were exposed when its plot to set off several bombs in Singapore was foiled by the local authorities. The Singapore embassies attack plot was a plan in 2001 by the Al-Qaeda -affiliated Jemaah Islamiyah (JI to Bomb the Diplomatic missions and attack

Recruiting, training, indoctrination, financial and operational links between the JI and other militant groups, such as al-Qaeda, the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), the Misuari Renegade/Breakaway Group (MRG/MBG) and the Philippine Raja Solaiman Movement (RSM) have existed for many years, and continue to this day. Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The "Sword of God" redirects here For the 7th century Arab Muslim military commander known as the "Sword of God" see Khalid ibn al-Walid. The Moro Islamic Liberation Front ( MILF) is a Muslim Separatist rebel group located in Southern Philippines. ^[10]

Jemaah Islamiyah is known to have killed hundreds of civilians in the Bali car bombing on October 12, 2002. A civilian under International humanitarian law is a person who is not a member of his or her Country 's Armed forces. The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. In the attack, suicide bombers killed 202 people, mostly Australian tourists, and wounded many in two blasts. This article is about suicide attacks for political and/or military reasons The first, smaller blast by a suicide bomber using a backpack, killed a small number of persons in a nightclub and drove the survivors into the street, where the vast majority were killed by a massive fertilizer/fuel oil bomb concealed in a parked van. A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark After this attack, the U.S. State Department designated Jemaah Islamiyah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization. " Foreign Terrorist Organization " is a designation of non- United States -based organizations declared terrorist by the United States Secretary of State Jemaah Islamiyah is also strongly suspected of carrying out the 2003 JW Marriott hotel bombing in Kuningan, Jakarta, the 2004 Australian embassy bombing in Jakarta, and the 2005 Bali terrorist bombing. The 2004 Australian embassy bombing took place on September 9, 2004 in Jakarta, Indonesia. The 2005 Bali bombings were a series of Terrorist Suicide bomb attacks that occurred on October 1, 2005, in Bali, Indonesia The JI also has been directly and indirectly involved in dozens of bombings in the southern Philippines, usually in league with the ASG. In the Philippines, regions ( Filpino: rehiyon, ISO 3166-2PH) are administrative division that serve primarily to organize the 81

Contents 1 History 2 Timeline 3 Notes 4 See also 5 Further reading 6 External links

History

The JI was established as a loose confederation of several Islamic groups. Sometime around 1969, two men, Abu Bakar Bashir,and Abdullah Sungkar, began an operation to propagate the Darul Islam movement, a conservative strain of Islam. Abu Bakar Bashir (also Abubakar Ba'asyir, Abdus Somad, and Ustad Abu ("Teacher Abu" born August 17 1938 is an Indonesian Muslim Abdullah Sungkar (1937 - November 1999 founded and led Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamic terrorist and separatist organization Darul Islam was an Islamic group in Indonesia that is considered to be more closely related to extremists than to Jemaah Islamiyah. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Darul Islam was almost eliminated in the 1950s after members belonging to that sect instigated a rebellion in an effort to create an Islamic state in parts of Indonesia. In the Sociology of religion a sect is generally a smaller religious or political group that has broken off from a larger group for example from a Rebellion is a refusal of obedienceIt may therefore be seen as encompassing a range of Behaviours from Civil disobedience and mass Nonviolent resistance For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia.

Bashir and his friends created a pirated radio outfit to preach to the poor and oppressed in Indonesia. Bashir created a boarding school in Java. A boarding school is a School where some or all pupils not only study but also live during term time with their fellow students and possibly teachers Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. The school's motto was, "Death in the way of Allah is our highest aspiration. Allah ( Arabic: الله, ʔalˤːɑːh) is the standard Arabic word for ' "

Bashir and Sungkar were both imprisoned by the New Order administration of Indonesian president Suharto as part of a crackdown on radical groups such as Komando Jihad, that were perceived to undermine the government's control over the Indonesian population. The New Order ( Indonesian: Orde Baru) is the term coined by former Indonesian President Suharto to characterize his regime as he came to power in 1966 Suharto, also spelled Soeharto (June 8 1921 &ndash January 27 2008 was an Indonesian military leader and the second President of Indonesia, holding Komando Jihad is an Indonesian Islamic extremist group that existed from 1968 until it was dissolved through the actions of the security services in the mid 1980s The two leaders spent several years in prison. After release, Bashir and his followers moved to Malaysia in 1982. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and They recruited people from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Singapore The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The group officially named itself Jemaah Islamiyah around that time period.

In the mid and late 1980s, many members of JI, including Sungkar and Hambali (see below) joined the Mujahideen in the resistance movement against the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. A Mujahid (Arabic ar مجاهد, literally "struggler" is a Muslim involved in a Jihad, id est fighting in a war or The Soviet war in Afghanistan, also known as the Soviet-Afghan War or just the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, was a nine-year conflict involving They were joined by radical Muslims from extremist groups worldwide. Many of the connections that define the global network of Islamist groups that exists today, including those between al-Qaeda and JI, were made during the conflict in Afghanistan.

Back in Southeast Asia, the members of JI distributed pamphlets. Bashir preached jihad but he would do very little violent action. Jihad (جهاد ʤɪhæːd an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. This changed in the 1990s. Bashir met Riduan Isamuddin, a. Riduan Isamuddin also transliterated as Riduan Isamudin, Riduan Isomuddin, and Riduan Isomudin, better known by the Nom de k. a. Hambali sometime in the early 1990s at a religious school that Bashir set up. Bashir became the spiritual leader of the organization while Hambali became the military leader. Hambali wanted a large Islamic caliphate to be established across Southeast Asia, incorporating Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Brunei, and Cambodia. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. A caliphate (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa) is the political leadership of the Muslim community in classical and medieval Islamic history The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Singapore The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East

JI first formed itself into a group of terrorist cells that provided financial and logistical support when needed, to Al-Qaida operations in Southeast Asia. Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The Hambali formed a front company called Konsojaya to help launder money to such plots, including the Operation Bojinka plot, which was foiled on January 6, 1995. The Konsojaya Trading Company was a shell company cofounded by Jemaah Islamiyah leader Riduan Isamuddin, better known as "Hambali" and his Malaysian The Bojinka Plot ( Arabic: بجنكة Tagalog: Planong Bojinka was a planned large-scale terrorist attack by Ramzi Yousef and Khalid Shaikh Mohammed Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The leaders of JI went back to Indonesia in 1998, when Suharto's government was toppled. Hambali went underground while Bashir publicly promoted jihad.

In January 2000 cleric Hambali, al-Qaeda's key representative in Indonesia, hosted in Malaysia Nawaf Alhazmi and Khalid al-Midhar, who would later take part in the September 11, 2001 attacks as hijackers. Riduan Isamuddin also transliterated as Riduan Isamudin, Riduan Isomuddin, and Riduan Isomudin, better known by the Nom de Nawaf al-Hazmi ( Arabic: نواف الحازمي also transliterated Nawaf Alhazmi) ( August 9, 1976 - September 11 Khalid al-Mihdhar ( Arabic: خالد المحضار also transliterated Almihdhar) (May 16 1975 – September 11 2001 Hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the take over of an Aircraft, by a person or group usually armed Unlike the Al-Mau'nah group, Jemaah Islamiah kept a low profile in Malaysia and their existence was publicized only after the 2002 Bali bombings. Al-Ma'unah was an Islamic cult and a militant terrorist group based in Malaysia. The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali.

In 2003 Indonesian police confirmed 'the exitence of Mantiqe IV "-the JI regional cell" which covers Irain Jaya and Australia. " Indonesian police saya Muklas has identified Mantiqe IV's leader as Abdul Rahim -an Indonesian born Australian'.

Indonesian investigators revealed the JI's establishment of an assassination squad in April 2007, which was established to target top leaders who oppose the group's objectives, as well as other officials, including police officers, government prosecutors and judges handling terrorism-related cases. ^[11]

In April 2008, the South Jakarta District Court declared JI an illegal organisation when sentencing former leader Zarkasih and military commander Abu Dujana to 15 years on terrorism charges. ^[12]

Timeline

• August 1, 2000 Jemaah Islamiyah attempted to assassinate the Philippine ambassador to Indonesia, Leonides Caday. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. The bomb detonated as his car entered his official residence in central Jakarta killing two people and injuring 21 including the Ambassador. Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta) is the Capital and largest city of Indonesia.

• September 13, 2000 a car bomb explosion tore through a packed parking deck beneath the Jakarta Stock Exchange building killing 15 people and injuring 20. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Jakarta Stock Exchange ( JSX) or in Indonesian Bursa Efek Jakarta ( BEJ) is a Stock exchange based in Jakarta, Indonesia

• December 24, 2000 JI took part in a major coordinated terror strike, the Christmas Eve 2000 bombings. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. On December 24, 2000, a series of explosions took place in Indonesia, which were part of a high-scale terrorist attack by the Al Qaeda and Jemaah

• March 12, 2002 3 JI members are arrested in Manila carrying plastic explosives in their luggage. Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The City of Manila Plastic explosive (or the obsolete term plastique) is a specialised form of Explosive material. One of them is later jailed for 17 years.

• June 5, 2002 Indonesian authorities arrest Kuwaiti Omar al-Faruq. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Omar al-Faruq ( عمر الفاروق) (24 May 1971 - 25 September 2006 was a Kuwaiti of Iraqi decent and a senior Al-Qaeda member Handed over to the U.S. authorities, he subsequently confesses he is a senior al-Qaeda operative sent to Southeast Asia to orchestrate attacks against US interests. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The He reveals to investigators detailed plans of a new terror spree in Southeast Asia.

• After many warnings by US authorities of a credible terrorist threat in Jakarta, on September 23, 2002 a grenade explodes in a car near the residence of a US embassy official in Jakarta, killing one of the attackers. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Benjamin Franklin established the first overseas mission of the United States in Paris in 1779 Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta) is the Capital and largest city of Indonesia.

• September 26, 2002 the US State Department issued a travel warning urging Americans and other Westerners in Indonesia to avoid locations such as bars, restaurants and tourist areas. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings

• October 2, 2002 a US Marine and two Filipinos are killed in a JI nail-bomb attack outside a bar in the southern Philippine city of Zamboanga

• October 10, 2002 a bomb rips through a bus terminal in the southern Philippine city of Kidapawan, killing six people and injuring 24. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Kidapawan City is a 1st class city in the province of North Cotabato, Philippines per Department of Finance Order No On the same day The US ambassador in Jakarta, Ralph Boyce, personally delivers to the Indonesian President a message of growing concern that Americans could become targets of terrorist actions in her country.

• October 12, 2002 On the second anniversary of the USS Cole bombing in Yemen, a huge car bomb kills more than 202 and injures 300 on the Indonesian resort island of Bali. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The USS Cole bombing was a Suicide bombing attack against the U Yemen ( Arabic: اليَمَن al-Yaman officially the Republic of Yemen ( Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya Bali is an Indonesian Island located at, the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to Most are foreigners, mainly Australian tourists. It is preceded by a blast at the US consulate in nearby Denpasar. Denpasar is the capital city of the province of Bali, Indonesia. The attack known as the 2002 Bali Bombing is the most deadly attack executed by JI to date. The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali.

• Bashir was arrested by the Indonesian police and was given a light sentence for treason. In Law, treason is the Crime that covers some of the more serious acts of disloyalty to one's sovereign or Nation.

• Hambali was arrested in Thailand on August 11, 2003 and is currently in prison in Jordan, according to Haaretz. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern (הארץ "The land" referring to the Land of Israel) founded in 1918 is Israel 's oldest Daily newspaper.

• A bomb manual published by the Jemaah Islamiyah was used in the 2002 Bali terrorist bombing and the 2003 JW Marriott hotel bombing. The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. The 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing occurred on 5 August 2003 in Mega Kuningan, South Jakarta, Indonesia.

• A British-born Australian named Jack Roche confessed to being part of a JI plot to blow up the Israeli Embassy in Canberra, Australia on 28 May 2004. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Jack Roche or 'Jihad Jack' as he has been labeled is an Australian convicted on a charge of conspiring to commit an offence provided for by the Crimes (Internationally Protected For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Canberra ( is the capital city of Australia With a population of over 340000 it is Australia's largest inland City. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " He was sentenced to 9 years in prison on 31 May. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. The man admitted to meeting figures like Osama bin Laden in Afghanistan. Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت,

• JI are widely suspected of being responsible for the bombing outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta on 9 Sep 2004 which killed 11 Indonesians and wounded over 160 more. Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta) is the Capital and largest city of Indonesia. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

• They are also suspected of committing the October 1st 2005 Bali bombings. The 2005 Bali bombings were a series of Terrorist Suicide bomb attacks that occurred on October 1, 2005, in Bali, Indonesia

• 5 August 2006, Al-Qaeda's Al Zawahiri appeared on a recorded video announcing that JI and Al-Qaeda had joined forces and that the two groups will form "one line, facing its enemies. "

• June 13, 2007 Abu Dujana, the head of JI's military operations, is captured by Indonesian police. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Abu Dujana (born in Java, c 1969 was the military leader of Jemaah Islamiah from 2005 until June 2007 when he was arrested

• June 15, 2007 Indonesian Police announced the capture of Zarkasih, who was leading Jemaah Islamiyah since the capture of Hambali. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Zarkasih (born c 1962 was the leader of Jemaah Islamiah (JI a South East Asian militant group from 2004 until July 2007 when he was captured Zarkasih is believe to be the emir of JI. ^[13]

• February 27, 2008 The leader of JI in Singapore, Mas Selamat Kastari, escaped from the Whitley Road Detention Centre at 1605 hours, local time. Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Singapore Mas Selamat bin Kastari (born 23 January 1961) an Indonesian born Singaporean is Singapore's most-wanted terror Fugitive who ^[14] As of May 2008, his current whereabout is unknown. International holidays May 1 - Labour Day ( Pakistan) May 1 - Labour Day ( Singapore)

Notes

See also

• List of terrorist organisations
• Islamist terrorism
• 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing
• 2004 Jakarta embassy bombing
• 2005 Bali bombings
• Azahari Husin

Further reading

• Abuza, Zachary. Many organizations that are accused of being a terrorist organization deny using Terrorism as a Military tactic to achieve their goals and there is no international The 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing occurred on 5 August 2003 in Mega Kuningan, South Jakarta, Indonesia. The 2004 Australian embassy bombing took place on September 9, 2004 in Jakarta, Indonesia. The 2005 Bali bombings were a series of Terrorist Suicide bomb attacks that occurred on October 1, 2005, in Bali, Indonesia Dr Azahari bin Husin (born September 14 1957 &ndash November 9 2005) a Malaysian national and Islamic terrorist, was believed to be the technical Militant Islam in Southeast Asia: Crucible of Terror. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2003. ISBN 1-58826-237-5.

• Barton, Greg (2005). Jemaah Islamiyah: radical Islam in Indonesia. Singapore: Singapore University Press. ISBN 9971-69-323-2.

• Lim, Merlyna. Islamic Radicalism and Anti-Americanism in Indonesia: The Role of the Internet. Washington: East-West Center, 2005. ISBN 978-1-932728-34-7.

• Reeve, Simon. The New Jackals: Ramzi Yousef, Osama Bin Laden and the Future of Terrorism. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1999. ISBN 1-55553-509-7.

• Ressa, Maria. Seeds of Terror: An Eyewitness Account of Al-Qaeda's Newest Center of Operations in Southeast Asia. New York: Free Press, 2003. ISBN 0-7432-5133-4.

thank you

External links

• Jemaah Islamiyah in South East Asia: Damaged but Still Dangerous - International Crisis Group report dated August 26, 2003
• Constructing” the Jemaah Islamiyah Terrorist: A Preliminary Inquiry (PDF) - Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Singapore, report dated October 2004
• Funding Terrorism in Southeast Asia: The Financial Network of Al Qaeda and Jemaah Islamiyah (PDF) - National Bureau of Asian Research report dated December 2003
• cfrterrorism.org page on Jemaah Islamiyah
• "Jemaah Islamiah still a threat" - BBC News article dated August 15, 2003
• Jemaah Islamiyah Shown to Have Significant Ties to al Qaeda
• Learning by Doing:Al Qaeda's Allies in Southeast Asia
• Combating JI in Indonesia
• Terrorism Perpetrated and Terrorists Apprehended
• Council on Foreign Relations Backgrounder: Jemaah Islamiyah
• International Crisis Group. The International Crisis Group ( ICG) is an independent international Non-profit, Non-governmental organization whose mission is to prevent and resolve "Jemaah Islamiyah’s Current Status", May 3, 2007. .  

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