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Jean-Andoche Junot
Jean-Andoche Junot

Jean-Andoche Junot, 1st Duc d'Abrantès (October 23, 1771 – July 29, 1813) was a French general during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Abrantes ( pron ɐ'bɾɐ̃tɨʃ is a municipality in Portugal on the right bank of the river Tagus,at the junction of the Madrid-Badajoz-Lisbon Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1771 ( MDCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1014 - Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars: Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts a decisive defeat Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts from 1792 until 1802 fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions

Contents

Early life

Junot was born in Bussy-le-Grand, France, son of Michel Junot (1739-1814, son of François Junot, d. Bussy-le-Grand is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 1759, and wife Edmée Laurain, b. 1703 and d. 1784) and wife Marie Antoinette Bienaymé (1735-1806, daughter of Guy Bienaymé and wife Ursule Rigoley), and studied in Chatillon. Châtillon (French diminutive formed from châtel, ie castle is a common place name in French-speaking countries and may refer to Châtillon (family He was studying law in Paris when the French Revolution started, he joined a volunteer battalion was twice wounded and made sergeant. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries police forces and other uniformed organizations around the world He first met Napoleon Bonaparte during the Siege of Toulon in 1793 when he became his secretary. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The Siege of Toulon ( 18 September - 18 December 1793) was an early Republican victory over a Royalist rebellion in the Southern French Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

Italian campaign

He distinguished himself in Italy but received a serious head wound at Lonato, which some claim led to a permanent change in his character, reduced the quality of his judgement and made him rash and temperamental. Lonato del Garda (before 1 July 2007 Lonato) is a town and commune in the Province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy He was made a general of brigade at the beginning the Egyptian campaign but was injured in a duel and captured when he was returning as an invalid to France. As practiced from the 11th to 20th centuries in Western societies a duel is an engagement in combat between two individuals with matched weapons in accordance with their combat He later participated in the coup of Brumaire. He married Laure (Laurette) Martin de Permond in 1800. Laure Junot Duchesse d'Abrantès ( November 6, 1784 &ndash1838 was the wife of French general Jean-Andoche Junot. Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. He was briefly ambassador to Portugal before hurrying back to serve under Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz (December 2, 1805). Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The Battle of Austerlitz (Bitva u Slavkova also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of Napoleon's greatest victories effectively destroying the Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or

Peninsular War

Junot's major command was during the Peninsular War. He commanded the invasion of Portugal in 1807, setting out in November from Salamanca he captured Lisbon in 30 November or early December and was granted the ducal victory title of Duc d'Abrantès and made Governor of Portugal. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Geography The city lies on a mountain by the Tormes River which is crossed by a bridge 150 m long built on 26 arches fifteen of which are of Roman origin, while Lisbon (Lisboa liʒˈboɐ is the Capital and largest city of Portugal. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation

But when the British arrived in August 1808, the French were beaten at Vimeiro (August 21) and Junot was almost cut off; only the signing of the advantageous Convention of Sintra allowed him to avoid capture taking however with him all the weapons and baggages the army had managed to gather, expression that later became famous in the Portuguese usage, and he returned to France in October, narrowly escaping a court martial. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year In the Battle of Vimeiro ( August 21 1808) the British under General Arthur Wellesley defeated the French under Major-General The Convention of Sintra (or Cintra was an agreement signed on August 30, 1808 during the Peninsular War. A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a Military court. These military courts can determine Punishments for members of the Military subject He returned to the Iberian peninsula in 1810 as part of the army under Marshal André Masséna and was badly wounded. The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra Year 1810 ( MDCCCX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

Later years

In the Russian campaign Junot's record was erratic; he was blamed for allowing the Russian army to retreat following the Battle of Smolensk (August 17), but at the Battle of Borodino (September 7, 1812) he commanded the 8th Corps competently. The First Battle of Smolensk took place on August 17 1812, between 175000 men of the Grande Armée under Napoleon Bonaparte and 130000 Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli The Battle of Borodino (Бородинская битва Borodinskaja bitva, Bataille de la Moskowa) fought on September 7, 1812, was Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year

In 1813 he was made Governor of Illyria but his growing mental instability led to him being returned to France. Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Illyria ( Albanian Iliria ( Ancient Greek; Latin Illyria; see also Illyricum) was in Classical antiquity a region in the He committed suicide in Montbard. Montbard is a town in eastern France, a sub-prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne region. But some of his family members belive that he created this story of fear of being persicuted by those who over-threw Bonaparte. It is said that he fied the country and came down to New Orleans, where he had family.

Children

He had two daughters and two sons:

Notes

  1. ^ Abrantès

References

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