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Jarrow
Jarrow (Tyne and Wear)
Jarrow

Jarrow shown within Tyne and Wear
Population 27,000
OS grid reference NZ332651
Metropolitan borough South Tyneside
Metropolitan county Tyne and Wear
Region North East
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town JARROW
Postcode district NE32
Dialling code 0191
Police Northumbria
Fire Tyne and Wear
Ambulance North East
European Parliament North East England
UK Parliament Jarrow
List of places: UK • England • Tyne and Wear

Coordinates: 54°58′47″N 1°28′49″W / 54.9797, -1.4804

Jarrow (pronounced /ˈjæroʊ/ or /ˈjærə/) is a town on the River Tyne, England with a population around 27,000 (2001 Census). In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government South Tyneside is a Metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear in North East England. Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North-East England is one of the nine official Regions of England and comprises the combined area of Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The NE postcode area, also known as the Newcastle upon Tyne postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Alnwick, Ashington, Bamburgh The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Northumbria Police is the Home Office Police force responsible for policing the areas of Northumberland and Tyne and Wear in England. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service, formerly Tyne and Wear Metropolitan Fire Brigade is the Statutory fire and rescue service covering the The North East Ambulance Service NHS Trust (NEAS is the authority responsible for providing NHS Ambulance services in North East England, covering North East England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Jarrow is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of cities, Towns and Villages in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A town is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands inhabitants although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan The River Tyne is a River in England. It is formed by the confluence of two rivers the North Tyne and the South Tyne. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population It is part of the South Tyneside district of Tyne and Wear. South Tyneside is a Metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear in North East England.

Contents

History and Naming

Saxon foundation

The Anglo-Saxons re-occupied a 1st century Roman fort on the site of Jarrow in the 5th century. For their language see Anglo-Saxon language. Anglo-Saxon is the term usually used to describe the invading Tribes in the south The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in Anno Domini / Common Era. Its name is recorded around AD 750 as Gyruum, representing Anglo-Saxon [æt] Gyrwum = "[at] the marsh dwellers", from Anglo-Saxon gyr = "mud", "marsh". In Geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of Wetland which is subject

Wearmouth-Jarrow Priory

Main article: Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Priory

The Monastery of Saint Paul in Jarrow, part of the twin foundation Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Priory, was once the home of the Venerable Bede, whose most notable works include The Ecclesiastical History of the English People and the translation of the Gospel of John into Old English. See also List of abbots of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Wearmouth-Jarrow Abbey is a twin-foundation English Abbey located Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and See also List of abbots of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Wearmouth-Jarrow Abbey is a twin-foundation English Abbey located Bede (ˈbiːd (also Saint Bede, the Venerable Bede, or (from Latin Beda (beda (c The Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (in English: Ecclesiastical History of the English People) is a work in Latin by the The Gospel of John (literally According to John; Greek, Κατὰ Ἰωάννην Kata Iōannēn) is the fourth Gospel in the canon At the time of its foundation, it was reputed to have been the only centre of learning in Europe north of Rome. In the fields of Neuropsychology, Personal development and Education, Learning is one of the most important Mental function of humans Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 In 794 Jarrow became the second target in England of the Vikings, who had plundered Lindisfarne in 793. Events By Place Asia Kyoto becomes the Japanese capital ending the Nara period, and beginning the Heian period. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Lindisfarne () (variant spelling Lindesfarne is a Tidal island off the north-east coast of England. Events By Place Europe June 8 - Viking age: Vikings sack the Monastery of Lindisfarne, Northumbria The Monastery was later dissolved by Henry VIII. The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the formal process between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of The ruins of the Monastery are now associated with and partly built into the present-day church of St. Paul, which stands on the site. One wall of the church contains the oldest stained-glass window in the world, dating from about AD 600. For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art Events By Place World The population of the Earth rises to about 208 million people Just beside the Monastery is "Bede's World", a working museum dedicated to the life and times of Bede. See also List of abbots of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Wearmouth-Jarrow Abbey is a twin-foundation English Abbey located A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Bede's World also incorporates Jarrow Hall, a grade II listed building and significant local landmark. Jarrow Hall is a grade II Listed building in Jarrow, Tyne and Wear. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance

19th century to present

Jarrow remained a small town until the introduction of heavy industries like coal mining and shipbuilding. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" Coal mining is the extraction or removal of Coal from the Earth by Mining. See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a Charles Mark Palmer established a shipyard - Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited - here in 1852 and became the first armour-plate manufacturer in the world. Sir Charles Mark Palmer 1st Baronet ( 3 November 1822 &ndash 4 June 1907) was an English shipbuilder born in South Shields Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited, often referred to simply as Palmers, was a British shipbuilding company established in 1852 by Charles John Bowes, the first iron screw collier, revived the Tyne coal trade, and Palmers was also responsible for the first modern cargo ship, as well as a number of notable warships.

Palmers employed as much as 80% of the town's working population until its closure in the early 1930s following intervention by the Conservative government. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Around 1,000 ships were built at the yard. As from 1935, Olympic, the sister ship of RMS Titanic, was partially demolished at Jarrow (in 1937 she was towed to Inverkeithing, Scotland for final scrapping). History J Bruce Ismay, the chairman of White Star Line, and William Pirrie, the chairman of Harland and Wolff Shipyard Construction The Titanic was a White Star Line ocean liner built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland The closure of the shipyard was responsible for one of the events for which Jarrow is most famous. Jarrow is marked in history as the starting point of the Jarrow Crusade (to London) to protest against unemployment in Britain in 1936. The Jarrow March (or Jarrow Crusade, from the phrase on banners carried by the marchers was an October 1936 Protest march against Unemployment Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work but the person is without work. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Jarrow MP Ellen Wilkinson wrote about these events in her book The Town That Was Murdered (1939). Ellen Cicely Wilkinson ( October 8, 1891 &ndash February 6, 1947) was the Labour Member of Parliament for Middlesbrough Jarrow was also one of the focuses of Philip Gibbs's absorbing book England Speaks (1935).

Famous former residents of the town, including Ellen Wilkinson MP, Charles Mark Palmer and William Jobling have been remembered in the names of beers produced by Jarrow Brewing Company, a microbrewery in the town. Ellen Cicely Wilkinson ( October 8, 1891 &ndash February 6, 1947) was the Labour Member of Parliament for Middlesbrough Sir Charles Mark Palmer 1st Baronet ( 3 November 1822 &ndash 4 June 1907) was an English shipbuilder born in South Shields The Jarrow Brewing Company, or Jarrow Brewery is an English Brewery.

Twin towns

Jarrow is twinned with the following towns, under the umbrella of the South Tyneside town-twinning project which saw individual twinning projects brought together in 1974:

Wuppertal in Germany, originally twinned with South Shields in 1951. South Tyneside is a Metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear in North East England. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ||-||} Wuppertal (ˈvʊpɐtaːl is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. South Shields is a coastal town in Tyne and Wear, England, located at the mouth of the River Tyne. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January

Noisy-le-Sec in France, originally twinned with Hebburn in April 1963. Noisy-le-Sec is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Hebburn is a small Town situated on the south bank of the River Tyne in North East England, sandwiched between the towns of Jarrow Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Épinay-sur-Seine in France, originally twinned with Jarrow in June 1965. Épinay-sur-Seine is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar.

Education

Jarrow's needs for secondary education are currently served by Jarrow School, formerly Springfield Comprehensive. Jarrow School is a secondary school located in Jarrow, Tyne and Wear admitting pupils aged 11 to 16 Springfield was merged with another of Jarrow's secondary schools, Hedworthfield Comprehensive at Fellgate, following a gradual reduction of the number of new pupils for the yearly intake of 11 year olds to the point where keeping both schools open was no longer viable.

Famous Jarrow residents

Transport

Road

Jarrow is reached from the south by the A1(M) via the A194, and is connected to North Tyneside and Northumberland via the Tyne Tunnel. North Tyneside is a Metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear in the North East of England. Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west The Tyne Tunnel is a two-lane toll vehicular Tunnel under the River Tyne England, completed in 1967 and connecting

Metro

Jarrow is served by three stations on the Tyne and Wear Metro: Jarrow station in the centre of the town (on the Yellow line) Bede station in the Bede industrial estate (also on the Yellow line), and Fellgate station (on the Green line) to the south. The Tyne and Wear Metro is a metro system serving stations in Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, South Tyneside North Tyneside and Sunderland, Jarrow Metro station is a station on the Tyne and Wear Metro, in the centre of the town of Jarrow in South Tyneside, England. Bede is the name of a Tyne and Wear Metro station It is named after the Venerable Bede, a Monk who established St Paul's monastery nearby Fellgate Metro station serves the Fellgate area of Jarrow, in South Tyneside, England.

Air

The nearest major airport is Newcastle Airport, about 10 miles away. Newcastle Airport is located in Newcastle upon Tyne, about 6 Miles (11 km) north-west of the city centre

External links

Dictionary

Jarrow

-proper noun

  1. A town on the River Tyne in north east England and part of the South Tyneside district of Tyne and Wear.
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