| Japonic | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution: |
Japan |
| Genetic classification: |
Disputed; see Japanese language classification |
| Subdivisions: |
|
The Japonic languages or Japanese-Ryukyuan languages is a language family that descended from a common ancestral language known as Proto-Japonic or Proto-Japanese-Ryukyuan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. List of language familiesA language family is a group of Languages related by descent from a common ancestor called the Proto-language of that family The immediate classification of the Japanese language is clear it is a Japonic language along with the Ryukyuan languages. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities The Ryukyuan languages are spoken in the Ryukyu Islands, and make up a subfamily of the Japonic Language family. List of language familiesA language family is a group of Languages related by descent from a common ancestor called the Proto-language of that family The essential feature of this hypothesis is that the first split in the family resulted in the separation of all dialects of Japanese proper from all dialects of Ryukyuan. Some linguists reserve judgment on this point because much is still unknown about the history of the settlement of the Ryukyu Islands by the ancestors of their current inhabitants (when each island was settled, and where each group came from). The Ryukyu Islands, in Japanese called the (literally Southwest Islands are a chain of Japanese islands in the western Pacific Ocean at the eastern limit In their view, the term Proto-Japanese is preferable until clearer evidence on these questions emerges.
Members
The Japonic (or Japanese-Ryukyuan) languages are:
- Japanese languages (日本語)
- Hachijō (conservative dialects of the Hachijōjima and Daitō Islands, including Aogashima)
- Mainland Japanese
- Eastern Japanese, most dialects east of the Kantō region
- Western Japanese, most dialects west of the Kansai region
- Kyūshū, most of Kyūshū
- Satsugū, southern Kyūshū, around Satsuma
- Ryukyuan languages (琉球語)
- Amami (奄美語)
- Northern Amami
- Tanegashima dialect
- Yakushima dialect
- Northern Oshima dialect
- Southern Amami
- Northern Amami
- Okinawan languages (沖縄語)
- Kunigami (or Northern Okinawan)
- Ie
- (South-Central) Okinawan (Standard Okinawan)
- Shimajiri (the classification of the Shimajiri dialects are uncertain, but are often included geographically as Southern Okinawan)
- Miyako (宮古語)
- Yaeyama (八重山語)
- Yonaguni (与那国語)
- Amami (奄美語)
Classification
The relationship of the Japonic (or Japanese-Ryukyuan) languages to other languages and language families is controversial. is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities is a Japanese island in the Pacific Ocean, administered by Tokyo and located 300 kilometers south of the Special Wards of Tokyo. Daitō Islands (大東諸島 Daitō Shotō; formerly the Borodino Islands are three islands which lie about 217 miles east of Okinawa. The is a Geographical area of Honshū, the largest Island of Japan. The or the lies in the southern-central region of Japan 's main island Honshū. The Ryukyuan languages are spoken in the Ryukyu Islands, and make up a subfamily of the Japonic Language family. Amami is a language spoken by around 130000 people in the Amami Islands south of Kyūshū. Tanegashima ( Japanese: 種子島 is an Island lying to the south of Kyūshū, south Japan, and is part of the Kagoshima Prefecture is an island of about 500 km² and roughly 15000 islanders to the south of Kyūshū in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The Kunigami language is a Colloquial variant of the Okinawan language that is spoken largely in the Kunigami district of Okinawa Prefecture Ie ( Japanese: 伊江村 -son Kunigami:) is a village located in Kunigami district, Okinawa, Japan. Okinawan (Uchināguchi 沖縄口 Japanese ja ウチナーグチ, ʔucināguci) is a Ryukyuan language spoken in Japan on the southern island of Shimajiri (島尻郡 -gun is a district located in Okinawa, Japan. Miyako (Miyako mjaakuftsï) is a language spoken by an unknown number of people in the Miyako islands (including Miyako Island) south of Okinawa Island Irabu ( Miyako: irav Japanese: 伊良部町 -chō was a town located in Miyako district, Okinawa, Japan. Yaeyama (Yaeyama yaimamunii) is a language spoken by around 44650 people in the Yaeyama Islands, south of the Miyako area of the Ryukyus. Ishigaki (石垣島 -jima Yaeyama and Okinawan: Ishigachi) is an island west of Okinawa Hontō and the second-largest island of the Iriomote (西表島 Iriomote-jima; Yaeyama: Irimutī Okinawan: Iriumuti) is the largest of the Yaeyama Islands and Taketomi ( -jima; 竹富島 Yaeyama: Tēdun Okinawan: Dakidun) is an Island in the Yaeyama District of Yonaguni is a language spoken by around 1800 people on the island of Yonaguni, in Japan, just east of Taiwan. The immediate classification of the Japanese language is clear it is a Japonic language along with the Ryukyuan languages. There are numerous hypotheses, none of which is generally accepted.
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic