| Part of the series on Japanese Mythology & Folklore |
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Mythic Texts and Folktales: |
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Divinities |
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Legendary Creatures & Spirits |
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Legendary Figures |
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Mythical & Sacred Locations |
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Sacred Objects |
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Shintō & Buddhism |
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Folklorists |
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Japanese folklore is the folklore of Japan. Japanese mythology is a system of beliefs that embraces Shinto and Buddhist traditions as well as agriculture-based Folk religion. The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore" History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological The, sometimes translated as The Chronicles of Japan, is the second oldest book of classical Japanese history. or, is a historical Japanese text Its contents were generally believed to be true until the middle of the Edo period. refers to a group of approximately 350 Japanese prose narratives written primarily in the Muromachi period (1392-1573 Yotsuya Kaidan (四谷怪談 the story of Oiwa and Tamiya Iemon is a tale of betrayal murder and ghostly revenge. Banchō Sarayashiki, （番町皿屋敷） ( The Dish Mansion at Banchō) is a Japanese ghost story of love separated by Social class, and broken trust The legend of is a Japanese Legend about a fisherman who rescues a Turtle and for this is rewarded with a visit to the Palace of the Dragon or is a Japanese collection of over one thousand tales written during the late Heian Period ( 794 - 1185) See also List of deities A deity is a Postulated Preternatural or Supernatural Being, who is always In Japanese mythology, is a Goddess of both creation and death as well as the former wife of the god Izanagi. is a deity born of the seven divine generations in Japanese mythology and Shintoism, and is also referred to in the roughly translated Kojiki as "male who invites" or is in Japanese mythology a sun goddess and perhaps the most important Shinto. is the Shinto God of the Sea and storms Myths In Japanese mythology, Susanoo the Withering Wind of Summer is the brother of Amaterasu is the goddess of dawn and revelry in the Shinto religion of Japan. is the Japanese Kami of Fertility, Rice, Agriculture, Foxes Industry, and worldly success The, commonly referred to in English as the Seven Lucky Gods, refer to the seven gods of good fortune in Japanese mythology and folklore. This is a list of divinities native to Japanese beliefs and religious traditions A legendary creature is a mythological or folkloric creature (often known as "fabulous creatures" in historical literature A ghost is said to be the apparition of a Deceased person frequently similar in appearance to that person and usually encountered in places she or he frequented are creatures from Japanese folklore, variously translated as Demons Devils Ogres or Trolls They are popular characters in Japanese alternately called or, are Legendary creatures a type of water sprite found in Japanese folklore. are a class of supernatural creatures found in Japanese folklore, art, theater, and literature. are a class of Obake, creatures in Japanese folklore ranging from the evil oni to the mischievous Kitsune or snow Japanese dragons are diverse Legendary creatures in Japanese mythology and folklore. are figures in Japanese folklore, analogous to Western legends of Ghosts The name consists of two Kanji, 幽 ( yuu) meaning "faint" The following is a list of Yōkai, Obake, Yūrei and other legendary creatures which are notable in Japanese folklore, A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to (921?-1005? was an onmyōji, a leading specialist of Onmyōdō during the middle of the Heian Period in Japan. popularly called Benkei, was a Sohei (warrior monk who served Minamoto no Yoshitsune. is a Folk hero from Japanese folklore. A Child of superhuman strength he was raised by a mountain hag on Mount Ashigara. is a popular Hero from Japanese folklore. His name literally means Peach Tarō; as Tarō is a common Japanese boy's name it is often translated as Tamamo-no-Mae (玉藻の前 is a legendary figure in Japanese mythology. is the mythical king of the Tengu, minor deities who inhabit the Mountains of Forests of Japan. A mythological place (also called "mythical place" is a place that a particular culture describes in their Mythology and Folklore as existent SACRED was a Cubesat built by the Student Satellite Program of the University of Arizona. In Geography, location is a position or point in Physical space that something occupies on Earths' surface is a mountain to the northeast of Kyoto city lying on the border between the Kyoto and Shiga prefectures Japan. is the highest Mountain in Japan at.An Active volcano that last erupted in 1707–08 it straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Izumo (Japanese 出雲国 Izumo-no-kuni) was an old province of Japan which today consists of the eastern part of Shimane prefecture in In Japanese mythology, Ryūgū-jō (竜宮城/龍宮城 is the undersea palace of Ryūjin, the dragon god of the sea Takama-ga-hara (also Takaamahara Taka-no-amahara Takamanohara Takamagahara (高天原) literally "High Heaven's Plain" but often translated as the "High Plain of Heaven" Yomi (黄泉 the Japanese word for the underworld in which horrible creatures guard the exits according to Shinto mythology as related in Kojiki Diyu ( literally "earth prison" is the realm of the dead or " Hell " in Chinese mythology. The following is a list of sacred objects in Japanese mythology. is the name given to the naginata in Japanese mythology used to raise the primordial land-mass Onōgoro-shima, from the sea is a legendary Japanese Sword as important to Japan's history as Excalibur is to Britain's, and is one of three Imperial Regalia of Japan The is one of three legendary Japanese spears created by the famed swordsmith Masazane said to be wielded by the Daimyo Honda Tadakatsu. The, also known as the Three Sacred Treasures, consist of the Sword, Kusanagi (草薙劍 the jewel or necklace of jewels is the native religion of Japan and was once its State religion. The history of Buddhism in Japan can be roughly divided into three periods namely the Nara period (up to 784 the Heian period (794–1185 and the post-Heian period For the spanish municipality see Obón. or just is a Japanese Buddhist custom to honor the departed (deceased Spirits In Japan, Setsubun (ja 節分 is the day before the beginning of each Season. are small wooden Plaques on which Shinto worshipers write their prayers or wishes A is a traditional Japanese Gate commonly found at the entry to a Shinto shrine, although it can be found at Buddhist temples as well A Shinto shrine is a structure whose main purpose is to house ("enshrine" a Shinto Kami, and is usually characterized by the presence of a (also called Buddhist temples in Japan are varied yet there are certain generalizations that can be made and general rules or guidelines that are followed Folkloristics is the formal academic study of Folklore. What actually constitutes folklore is disputed even within the discipline but generally folklore focuses on the is a scholar who is often known as "the father of Japanese native Ethnology. was a Japanese folklorist. He was influenced by Yanagita Kunio but often came to different conclusions regarding the same Folktales. Patrick Lafcadio Hearn ( June 27, 1850 - September 26, 1904) also known as after gaining Japanese citizenship was an author best known born March 8, 1922 in Sakaiminato Tottori, is a Japanese manga author, most known for his Shōnen Japanese horror manga founder of Toyo University, was a Japanese educator, philosopher and Buddhist. History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. It is heavily influenced by both Shinto and Buddhism, the two primary religions in the country. is the native religion of Japan and was once its State religion. The history of Buddhism in Japan can be roughly divided into three periods namely the Nara period (up to 784 the Heian period (794–1185 and the post-Heian period It often involves humorous or bizarre characters and situations and also includes an assortment of supernatural beings, such as bodhisattva, kami (gods and revered spirits), yōkai (monster-spirits) (such as oni, kappa, and tengu), yūrei (ghosts), dragons, and animals with supernatural powers such as the kitsune (fox), tanuki (raccoon dog), mujina (badger), and bakeneko (transforming cat). In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta are a class of Obake, creatures in Japanese folklore ranging from the evil oni to the mischievous Kitsune or snow are creatures from Japanese folklore, variously translated as Demons Devils Ogres or Trolls They are popular characters in Japanese alternately called or, are Legendary creatures a type of water sprite found in Japanese folklore. are a class of supernatural creatures found in Japanese folklore, art, theater, and literature. are figures in Japanese folklore, analogous to Western legends of Ghosts The name consists of two Kanji, 幽 ( yuu) meaning "faint" Japanese dragons are diverse Legendary creatures in Japanese mythology and folklore. is the Japanese word for the Japanese raccoon dog ( Nyctereutes procyonides viverrinus) is an old Japanese term primarily referring to the badger. In some regions the term refers instead to the Japanese raccoon dog (also called Tanuki
Japanese folklore is often divided into several categories: "mukashibanashi," tales of long-ago; "namidabanashi", sad stories; "obakebanashi", ghost stories; "ongaeshibanashi", stories of repaying kindness; "tonchibanashi", witty stories; "waraibanashi", funny stories; and "yokubaribanashi", stories of greed.
Some well-known Japanese folktales and legends include:
- The story of Kintarō, the superhuman Golden Boy. is a Folk hero from Japanese folklore. A Child of superhuman strength he was raised by a mountain hag on Mount Ashigara.
- The story of Momotarō, the oni-slaying Peach Boy. is a popular Hero from Japanese folklore. His name literally means Peach Tarō; as Tarō is a common Japanese boy's name it is often translated as
- The story of Urashima Tarō, who rescued a turtle and visited the bottom of the sea. The legend of is a Japanese Legend about a fisherman who rescues a Turtle and for this is rewarded with a visit to the Palace of the Dragon or
- The story of Issun-bōshi, the One-inch Boy. The One-Inch Boy (一寸法師 Issun-bōshi; sometimes translated into English as "Little One Inch" is the subject of a Fairy tale from Japan
- Bunbuku Chagama, the story of a teakettle which is actually a shape-changing tanuki. Bunbuku Chagama ( Japanese: ja ぶんぶく茶釜 is a Japanese Folktale about a raccoon-dog or Tanuki, that uses its Shapeshifting
- The story of the wicked fox-woman Tamamo-no-Mae. Tamamo-no-Mae (玉藻の前 is a legendary figure in Japanese mythology.
- Shita-kiri Suzume, the story of the tongue-cut sparrow. Shita-kiri Suzume (舌切り雀 shitakirisuzume) translated literally into " Tongue-Cut Sparrow," is a traditional Japanese Fable, telling of
- The story of the vengeful Kiyohime, who became a dragon. (or just Kiyo) was a beautiful waitress who according to Japanese folklore, worked in a Teahouse on the Hidaka riverbank
- Banchō Sarayashiki, the ghost story of Okiku and the Nine Plates. Banchō Sarayashiki, （番町皿屋敷） ( The Dish Mansion at Banchō) is a Japanese ghost story of love separated by Social class, and broken trust
- Yotsuya Kaidan, the ghost story of Oiwa. Yotsuya Kaidan (四谷怪談 the story of Oiwa and Tamiya Iemon is a tale of betrayal murder and ghostly revenge.
- Kachi-kachi Yama, the story of a villainous Tanuki and a heroic rabbit. Kachi-Kachi Yama ( Japanese: かちかち山 kachi-kachi being an Onomatopoeia of the sound a fire makes and yama meaning " Mountain is the Japanese word for the Japanese raccoon dog ( Nyctereutes procyonides viverrinus)
- Hanasaka Jiisan, the story of the old man that made the flowers bloom
- The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter, about a mysterious girl called Kaguya-hime who is said to be from the capital of the moon. Hanasaka Jiisan is a Japanese Fairy tale. Algernon Bertram Freeman-Mitford collected it in Tales of Old Japan, as The Story of the Old Man Who Made The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter (Japanese 竹取物語 Taketori Monogatari) is a 10th century Japanese folktale, also known as
The folklore of Japan has been influenced by foreign literature. Some stories of ancient India were influential in shaping Japanese stories by providing them with materials. Indian materials were greatly modified and adapted in such a way as would appeal to the sensibilities of common people of Japan in general. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country [1][2]
The monkey stories of Japanese folklore have been influenced both by the Sanskrit epic Ramayana and the Chinese classic The Journey to the West. Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical Indian epic poetry is the Epic poetry written in the Indian subcontinent. The Rāmāyaṇa ( Devanāgarī: sa रामायण is an ancient Sanskrit epic attributed to the Hindu sage ( Maharishi) Valmiki Chinese literature extends back thousands of years from the earliest recorded dynastic court Archives to the mature fictional Novel that arose during the Ming Dynasty Journey to the West ( is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. [3] The stories mentioned in the Buddhist Jataka tales appears in a modified form in throughout the Japanese collection of popular stories. The Jātaka Tales ( Sanskrit जातक and Pali, Malay: jetaka Lao: satok refer to a voluminous body of Folklore -like literature [4][5]
In the middle years of the twentieth century storytellers would often travel from town to town telling these stories with special paper illustrations called kamishibai. Kamishibai (紙芝居 literally "paper drama" is a form of Storytelling that originated in Japanese Buddhist temples in the 12th century where
See also
Notes
- ^ Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition: The Nihon Ryōiki of the Monk Kyōkai By Kyōkai. Japanese mythology is a system of beliefs that embraces Shinto and Buddhist traditions as well as agriculture-based Folk religion. is an early Heian period setsuwa collection Written by Kyōkai between 787 and 824, it is Japan's oldest collection of Buddhist Published 1997. Routledge. ISBN 0700704493
- ^ The Sanskrit Epics By John L Brockington. Published 1998. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 9004026428. pp514
- ^ On the Road to Baghdad Or Traveling Biculturalism: Theorizing a Bicultural Approach to. . . By Gonul Pultar, ed. , Gönül Pultar. Published 2005. New Academia Publishing, LLC. ISBN 0976704218. Page 193
- ^ The Hindu World By Sushil Mittal. Published 2004. Routledge. ISBN 0415215277. pp93
- ^ Discovering the Arts of Japan: A Historical Overview By Tsuneko S. Sadao, Stephanie Wada. Published 2003. Kodansha International. ISBN 477002939X. pp41
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