জন গণ মন Jôno Gôno Mono English: Jana Gana Mana
Sheet music for Jana Gana Mana. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States
National Anthem of	India
Lyrics	Rabindranath Tagore
Music	Rabindranath Tagore
Adopted	1950
Jana Gana Mana (Instrumental) Problems listening to the file? See media help. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

Jana Gana Mana (Bengali: জন গণ মন Jôno Gôno Mono) is the national anthem of India. A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Written in Bengali, it is the first of five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. A Brahmo is either an adherent of Brahmoism to the exclusion of all other religions or a person with at least one Brahmo parent or guardian and who has never denied his The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur is awarded annually since 1901 to an author from any country who has in the words from the will of Alfred It was first sung at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress,on 27 December 1911. Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Jana Gana Mana was officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the Indian national anthem on January 24, 1950. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[1][2][3] The music for the "current version" is said to be derived from a composition for the song by Ram Singh Thakur, although some dispute this. Captain Ram Singh Thakur ( 15 August, 1914 - 15 April, 2002) was an Indian freedom fighter musician and the composer of the music of the current ^[4][5][6][7]

A formal rendition of the national anthem takes about forty-eight to fifty-two seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. ^[1] Rabindranath Tagore also composed the music for another Indian poem Vande Mataram. Bande Mataram redirects here for other uses of the term see Bande Mataram (disambiguation. ^[8]

Contents 1 Lyrics 1.1 Translation into English 2 Controversies 3 English composition in Madanapalle 4 Media 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External links

Lyrics

Although written in Bengali, the pronunciation of the anthem varies considerably across India due to the country's extensive linguistic diversity. The transcription below reflects the original Bengali pronunciation, in both the Bengali script and romanization. The Bengali script ( Bengali: বাংলা লিপি Bangla lipi) is a variant of the Eastern Nagari script also used for Assamese and The Romanization of Bengali, or the representation of the Bengali language in the Latin script. Many of the silent letters found in the lyrics are pronounced by speakers of other Indian languages, reflecting a spelling pronunciation of the Bengali text, and often matching the pronunciation of the cognate words in the speaker's native language. In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that in a particular word does not correspond to any sound in the word's Pronunciation. A spelling pronunciation is a Pronunciation that instead of reflecting the way the word was pronounced by previous generations of speakers is a rendering in sound of the word's Cognates in Linguistics are words that have a common origin They may occur within a language such as shirt and skirt as two English words descended from A first language (also mother tongue, native language, arterial language, or L1) is the language a human being learns from birth

Bengali script	Wikipedia Bengali transcription	NLK transliteration
জন গণ মন অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারত ভাগ্য বিধাতা পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎ‍‌কল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছল জলধি তরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে তব শুভ আশিস মাগে গাহে তব জয়গাথা জন গণ মঙ্গল দায়ক জয় হে ভারত ভাগ্য বিধাতা জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয়, জয় হে॥	Jôno gôno mono odhinaeoko jôeô he Bharoto bhaggo bidhata Pônjabo Shindhu Gujoraţo Môraţha Drabiŗo Utkôlo Bônggo Bindho Himachôlo Jomuna Gôngga Uchchhôlo jôlodhi toronggo Tôbo shubho name jage Tôbo shubho ashish mage Gahe tôbo jôeogatha Jôno gôno monggolo daeoko jôeô he Bharoto bhaggo bidhata Jôeo he, jôeo he, jôeo he, jôeo jôeo jôeo, jôeo he	Jana gaṇa mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata bhāgya Vidhātā Pañjāba Sindhu Gujarāṭa Marāṭhā Drāviḍa Utkala Baṅga Vindhya Himācala ẏamunā Gaṅgā Ucchala jaladhi taraṅga Tava śubha nāmē jāgē Tava śubha āśiṣa māgē Gāhē tava jaya gāthā Jana gaṇa maṅgala dāyaka jaya hē Bhārata bhāgya vidhātā Jaya hē jaya hē jaya hē Jaya jaya jaya jaya hē

Translation into English

O! Dispenser of India's destiny, thou art the ruler of the minds of all people^[9]
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, the Maratha country,
in the Dravida country, Utkala and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,
it mingles in the rhapsodies of the pure waters of Yamuna and the Ganges. The Bengali script ( Bengali: বাংলা লিপি Bangla lipi) is a variant of the Eastern Nagari script also used for Assamese and The Romanization of Bengali, or the representation of the Bengali language in the Latin script. The National Library at Kolkata Romanization is the most widely used Transliteration scheme in dictionaries and grammars of Indic languages English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States
They chant only thy name.
They seek only thy auspicious blessings.
They sing only the glory of thy victory.
The salvation of all people waits in thy hands,
O! Dispenser of India's destiny, thou art the ruler of the minds of all people
Victory to thee, Victory to thee, Victory to thee,
Victory, Victory, Victory, Victory to thee!.

Controversies

Controversy exists regarding the appropriateness of Jana Gana Mana as the national anthem of an independent India. The poem was composed in December 1911, precisely at the time of the Coronation Durbar of George V, and is considered by some to be a paean in praise of "the overlord of India's destiny". The Delhi Durbar, meaning " Court of Delhi " was a mass assembly at Delhi India to commemorate the Coronation of a King Paean (pronounced as the last two syllables of "European" ˈpiːən is a term used to describe a type of triumphal or grateful song usually choral though sometimes individual The composition was first sung during a convention of the then loyalist Indian National Congress in Calcutta on Dec. Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India. 27, 1911. ^[10] It was sung on the second day of the convention, and the agenda of that day devoted itself to a loyal welcome of George V on his visit to India. The event was reported thus in the Indian press:

"The Bengali poet Babu Rabindranath Tagore sang a song composed by him specially to welcome the Emperor. " (Statesman, Dec. 28, 1911)
"The proceedings began with the singing by Babu Rabindranath Tagore of a song specially composed by him in honour of the Emperor. " (Englishman, Dec. 28, 1911)
"When the proceedings of the Indian National Congress began on Wednesday 27th December 1911, a Bengali song in welcome of the Emperor was sung. A resolution welcoming the Emperor and Empress was also adopted unanimously. " (Indian, Dec. 29, 1911)

The belief gained ground that the poem had been written in honour of the visiting monarch. Others aver that the newspaper reports cited above were misguided, the confusion arising since a different song, written in Hindi by Rambhuj Chaudhary, was sung ^[11] on the same occasion in praise of the monarch. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is However, the two poems were written in different languages; Tagore already enjoyed much fame in India, and newspaper reports are both consistent and categorical on the point of Tagore having himself sung his composition on the occasion.

Other explanations for the motivations that informed the creation of the poem have been proposed. On a visit to India, the poet Yeats received a visit from an Indian admirer who was also, in Yeats' words, "an Indian devotee" of Tagore. In a letter to a lady friend, Yeats quoted this unnamed devotee as giving him a 'strictly off the records' version of events dealing with the writing of Jana Gana Mana. That version, as presented in 1968 by the Indian Express newspaper, was this:

"He (Tagore) got up very early in the morning and wrote a very beautiful poem. For bi-furicated southern edition see The New Indian Express The Indian Express is an Indian newspaper owned by Ramnath Goenka . . . When he came down, he said to one of us, 'Here is a poem which I have written. It is addressed to God, but give it to Congress people. It will please them. " ^[12]

Thus, Tagore is said to have written the poem in honour of God. In a letter to Pulin Behari Sen, Tagore himself wrote: ^[13]

"A certain high official in His Majesty's service, who was also my friend, had requested that I write a song of felicitation towards the Emperor. The request simply amazed me. It caused a great stir in my heart. In response to that great mental turmoil, I pronounced the victory in Jana Gana Mana of that Bhagya Vidhata [ed. God of Destiny] of India who has from age after age held steadfast the reins of India's chariot through rise and fall, through the straight path and the curved. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country That Lord of Destiny, that Reader of the Collective Mind of India, that Perennial Guide, could never be George V, George VI, or any other George. Even my official friend understood this about the song. After all, even if his admiration for the crown was excessive, he was not lacking in simple common sense. "

In 2005, there were calls to delete the word "Sindh" and substitute it with the word Kashmir. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir The argument was that Sindh was no longer a part of India, having become part of Pakistan as a result of the Partition of 1947. Sindh ( Sindhī: سنڌ Urdu: سندھ is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. The Partition of India was the partition of the British Indian Empire which led to the creation on August 14, 1947 and August 15, Opponents of this proposal hold that the word "Sindh" refers to the Indus and to Sindhi culture and people which are an integral part of India's cultural fabric. The Indus River { Sanskrit: सिन्धु Sindhu; Urdu: urd {{Nastaliq سندھ}} Sindh; Sindhi: snd Sindhis ( Sindhi: سنڌي) are a Sindhi speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating in Sindh in Pakistan. The Supreme Court of India refused to tamper with the national anthem and the wording remains unchanged. The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the land as established by Part V Chapter IV of the Constitution of India.

In July 1985 in the state of Kerala, some of the Jehovah's Witnesses' children were expelled from school under the instructions of Deputy Inspector of Schools for having refused to sing the national anthem, Jana Gana Mana. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Kerala ( Malayalam: {{Kerala in Malayalam}}; Jehovah's Witnesses is a restorationist, millenialist Christian denomination A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" A parent, V. J. Emmanuel, appealed to the Supreme Court of India for legal remedy. The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the land as established by Part V Chapter IV of the Constitution of India. On August 11, 1986, the Supreme Court overruled the Kerala High Court, and directed the respondent authorities to re-admit the children into the school. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Objection links here For the album by heavy metal band Accept, see Objection Overruled (album. High Court of Kerala is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep. The decision went on to add: "Our tradition teaches tolerance, our philosophy teaches tolerance, our Constitution practices tolerance, let us not dilute it". A judgment (see spelling note below in a Legal context is synonymous with the formal decision made by a Court following a Lawsuit. Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language The Constitution of India ( Hindi: भारतीय़ संविधान see names in other Indian languages) is the supreme law of India. ^[14]

English composition in Madanapalle

Rabindranath Tagore translated Jana Gana Mana from Bengali to English and also set it to music in Madanapalle, a town in Andhra Pradesh. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Madanapalle is a town and a Municipality in the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh

Though the Bengali song had been written in 1911 itself, it had remained largely confined to the pages of the Brahmo Samaj journal, "Tatva Bodha Prakasika", of which Tagore was the editor.

During 1918-19, Tagore accepted an invitation from friend and controversial Irish poet James H. Cousins to spend a few days at the Besant Theosophical College, of which Cousins was the principal. James Henry Cousins (1873 &ndash 1956 was an Irish writer playwright actor critic editor teacher and poet Besant Theosophical College is one of the oldest colleges in the Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh. On the evening of February 28, he joined a gathering of students and upon Cousins' request, sang the Jana Gana Mana in Bengali. In the days that followed, enchanted by the dreamy hills of Madanapalle, Tagore wrote down the English translation of the song and along with Cousins' wife, Margaret (an expert in Western music), set down the notation which is followed till this day. ^[15]

Today, in the library of Besant Theosophical College in Madanapalle, the framed original English translation is displayed.

Media

See also

• Vande Mataram
• Jana Gana Mana Video
• An earlier poem by Tagore (Amar Shonar Bangla) was later selected as the national anthem of Bangladesh. Bande Mataram redirects here for other uses of the term see Bande Mataram (disambiguation. The Jana Gana Mana - Indian National Anthem was a historic video released January 26, 2000 to mark the 50th year of the Indian Republic Amar Shonar Bangla (My Golden Bengal ( Bangla:আমার সোনার বাংলা is a 1906 song written and composed by the poet Rabindranath

Notes

References

• Dutta, K & A Robinson (1995), Rabindranath Tagore: The Myriad-Minded Man, St. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Martin's Press, ISBN 0-312-14030-4.

External links

• National Anthem - Know India. National Portal of India. Government of India. (Also contains the official version of the Indian Narional Anthem in mp3 format
• Indian Anthem in MIDI Format.
• A rendition of Indian Anthem in MP3 format from the Indian embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.
• Video of Jana Gana Mana as performed by various vocalists and instrumentalists.
• Genesis of Jana Gana Mana

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