Jan Masaryk - Citizendia

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Jan Garrigue Masaryk (September 14, 1886 – March 10, 1948) was a Czechoslovak diplomat and politician and Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1940 to 1948. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person

1 Early life
2 Wartime
3 After the war
4 Death
5 Private life
6 References
7 Further reading

Early life

Born in Prague, he was a son of professor and politician Tomáš Masaryk who became the first President of Czechoslovakia (1918), and his American wife, Charlotte Garrigue. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (ˈtomaːʃ ˈɡarɪk ˈmasarɪk sometimes called Thomas Masaryk in English ( March 7, 1850 – September 14, This is a list of Presidents of Czechoslovakia, both elected and acting Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Charlotte Garrigue Masaryk ( November 20 1850 in Brooklyn, New York, USA – May 13 1923 near Prague Masaryk was educated in Prague and also in the USA. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the He returned home in 1913 and served in the Austro-Hungarian army during the First World War. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All He then joined the diplomatic service and became chargé d'affaires to the USA in 1919, a post he held until 1922. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. In 1925 he was made ambassador to Britain. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. His father resigned as President in 1935 and died two years later. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was succeeded by Edvard Beneš. Edvard Beneš ( pronounced) ( May 28 1884 Kožlany, Bohemia (then part of Austria-Hungary

Wartime

In September 1938 the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia was occupied by German forces and Masaryk resigned as Ambassador in protest, although he remained in London. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sudetenland ( Czech and Polish: Sudety) is the German name used in English in the first half of the 20th century for the western regions of Other government members including Beneš also resigned. In March 1939 Germany occupied the remaining Czech provinces of Bohemia and Moravia, and a puppet Slovak state was established in Slovakia. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Reichsprotektorat Böhmen und Mähren Protektorát Čechy a Morava was the majority ethnic-Czech Protectorate which The Slovak Republic ( Slovak: Slovenská republika) was an independent national Slovak state which existed from 14 March 1939 Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million When a Czechoslovak Government-in-Exile was established in Britain in 1940, Masaryk was appointed Foreign Minister. Following the Anschluss of Nazi Germany and Austria in March 1938 Nazi leader Adolf Hitler 's next target for annexation was Czechoslovakia The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During the war he regularly made broadcasts over the BBC to occupied Czechoslovakia. He had a flat at Westminster Gardens, Marsham Street in London but often stayed at the Czechoslovak Chancellery residence at Wingrave or with President Beneš at Aston Abbotts, both near Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire. Wingrave is a Village within in Buckinghamshire, England. It is about four miles north east of Aylesbury, three miles south west of Aston Abbotts (or Aston Abbots) is a Village and Civil parish within Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan home county in South East England. In 1942 Masaryk received a LL.D. from Bates College. Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. Bates College is a private liberal arts college located in Lewiston Maine, in the United States.

After the war

Masaryk remained Foreign Minister following the liberation of Czechoslovakia as part of the multi-party, communist-dominated National Front government. The National Front (in Czech: Národní fronta, in Slovak: Národný front) was the coalition of parties which headed the re-established The Communists under Klement Gottwald saw their position strengthened after the 1946 elections but Masaryk stayed on as Foreign Minister. Klement Gottwald ( November 23, 1896, Dědice (Vyškov South Moravia Austria-Hungary (now the Czech Republic - March Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was concerned with retaining the friendship of the Soviet Union, but was dismayed by the veto they put on Czechoslovak participation in the Marshall Plan. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Marshall Plan (from its enactment officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the primary plan of the United States for rebuilding and creating a stronger In February 1948 the majority of the non-communist cabinet members resigned hoping to force new elections, but instead a communist government under Gottwald was formed in what became known as the Czech coup (Victorious February in the Eastern Bloc). Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948 (often simply the Czech coup) (Únor 1948 Február 1948 both meaning "February 1948" in Communist historiography known as " The Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948 (often simply the Czech coup) (Únor 1948 Február 1948 both meaning "February 1948" in Communist historiography known as " Masaryk remained Foreign Minister, although he was apparently uncertain about his decision.

Death

On March 10, 1948 Masaryk was found dead, dressed in his pajamas, in the courtyard of the Foreign Ministry below his bathroom window. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The initial 'investigation' stated that he had committed suicide by jumping out of the window, although it is for a long time it has been believed by some that he may have been murdered by the nascent Communist government. The 'conclusion' of death by suicide was reaffirmed by a second investigation taken in 1968 during the Prague Spring and a third one in the early 1990s after the Velvet Revolution. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Prague Spring ( Czech: Pražské jaro, Slovak: Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during The " Velvet Revolution " (sametová revoluce nežná revolúcia ( November 16 &ndash December 29 1989) refers to a non-violent Despite of the outcomes of all three investigations, discussions about the mysterious circumstances of his death are still continuing, without apparent consensus. Those who believe that Masaryk was murdered have called it the Third Defenestration of Prague. The Defenestrations of Prague were two incidents in the history of Bohemia. Members of Masaryk's family—including his former wife, (Frances Crane Leatherbee), a former in-law named Sylvia E. Crane, and his sister Alice Masaryk —stated their belief that he had indeed killed himself, according to a letter written by Sylvia E. Crane to The New York Times, and considered the possibility of murder a "cold war cliché" (The New York Times, 28 January 1990). However, a Prague police report in 2004 claims that he was indeed murdered.

The highest-ranking Soviet Bloc intelligence defector, Lt. Gen. Ion Mihai Pacepa, described his conversation with Nicolae Ceauşescu, who told him about "ten international leaders the Kremlin killed or tried to kill". Ion Mihai Pacepa (born 28 October 1928 in Bucharest, Romania) is the highest-ranking intelligence official ever to have defected Nicolae Ceauşescu (nikoˈlaje tʃauˈʃesku (January 26 1918 – December 25 1989 was the communist dictator of Romania from 1965 until December 1989 when a revolution Jan Masaryk was one of them. ^[1]

Private life

From 1924 until their divorce in 1931, Masaryk was married to Frances Crane Leatherbee. She was an heiress to the Crane plumbing and elevator fortune, the former wife of Robert Leatherbee, a daughter of Charles R. Crane, a U. Charles Richard Crane or Charles R Crane (1858-1939 of Chicago was a wealthy philanthropical American Arabist, who had business knowledge of Eastern Europe S. minister to China, and a sister of Richard Teller Crane 2nd, a U. S. ambassador to Czechoslovakia. By that marriage, he had three stepchildren: Charles Leatherbee, Robert Leatherbee Jr. , and Richard Crane Leatherbee. [1]

At the time of his death, Masaryk was reportedly planning to marry the American writer Marcia Davenport. Marcia Davenport ( 9 June 1903 &mdash 16 January 1996) was an American Author and music critic

Masaryk was also a Master Mason.

References

^ The Kremlin’s Killing Ways - by Ion Mihai Pacepa, National Review Online, November 28, 2006

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