James Oglethorpe (December 22 1696 – June 30, 1785) was a British general, a philanthropist, and was the founder of the colony of Georgia. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule He was born in London, the son of Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe (1650-1702) of Westbrook Place, Godalming in the county of Surrey. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe ( 14 September, 1650 - 10 April, 1702) was an English soldier and MP Godalming is a town in the Waverley district of the county of Surrey, England, seven kilometres (four miles south of Guildford. Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. A social reformer in England, he hoped to resettle England’s poor, especially those in debtor’s prison, in the New World. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
He entered Corpus Christi College, in 1714, but in the same year joined the army of Prince Eugene of Savoy. Corpus Christi College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. This article refers to the Austrian Habsburg military leader for the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte see Eugène de Beauharnais. Through the recommendation of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, he became aide-de-camp to the prince, and he served with distinction in the campaign against the Turks, 1716-17, more especially at the siege and capture of Belgrade. An aide-de-camp ( French for camp assistant) is a personal assistant secretary or Adjutant to a person of high rank usually a senior military officer The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. After his return to England, he was elected as Member of Parliament for Haslemere in 1722. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Haslemere is a town in Surrey, England, close to the border with both Hampshire and West Sussex. He campaigned for the improvement of the circumstances of poor debtors in London prisons. In Economics a debtor is simply an entity that owes a Debt to someone else the entity could be an individual a firm a government or an organization For the purpose of providing a refuge for persons who had become insolvent and for oppressed Protestants on the continent, he proposed the settlement of a colony in America between Carolina and Florida. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the He laid the groundwork for the colonisation of the state, proposing that it be colonised with debtors released from the abominable conditions of England's debtor's prisons. A debtors' prison is a Prison for those who are unable to pay a Debt.
Oglethorpe sailed for 150 days, arriving in Charleston, South Carolina on the ship Anne, in late 1732, and settled near the present site of Savannah, Georgia on February 12, 1733. Charleston is a city in Charleston county in the US state of South Carolina. Savannah is a city located in the state of Georgia, United States. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1733 ( MDCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a He negotiated with the Creek tribe for land and established a series of defensive forts. He then returned to England and arranged to have slavery banned in Georgia. As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another Oglethorpe and his fellow trustees were granted a Royal Charter for the Province of Georgia between the Savannah and Altamaha rivers on June 9, 1732. A Royal Charter is a Charter granted by the Sovereign on the advice of the Privy council to legitimize an incorporated body such as a city company The Province of Georgia (also Georgia Colony) was one of the Southern colonies in British North America. For the Department of Energy facility see Savannah River Site The Savannah River is a major river in the southeastern United States The Altamaha River is a major River of the US state of Georgia. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1732 ( MDCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a [1]
Georgia was a key contested area, lying in between the two colonies. It was Oglethorpe's idea that British debtors should be released from prison and sent to Georgia. This would theoretically rid England of its so-called undesirable elements, while providing him with a base from which to attack Florida. Ultimately, few debtors ended up in Georgia. Instead, many of Georgia's new settlers consisted of poor English tradesmen and artisans and religious refugees from Switzerland and Germany. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. On February 21, 1734 Oglethorpe established the first Masonic Lodge within the British Colony of Georgia. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1734 ( MDCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Now known as Solomon's Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M. it is the "Oldest Continuously Operating English Constituted Lodge of Freemasons in the Western Hemisphere. " For a period in 1736 Oglethorpe's secretary was Charles Wesley, later famous as a founder of Methodism. Year 1736 ( MDCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Biography Charles Wesley was the son of Susanna Wesley and Samuel Wesley. Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations
Owing to the colony's primary role as a military buffer between English and Spanish-held territories, the original model for the colonisation of Georgia excluded the use of slave labour, fearing that slaves could internally weaken the colony and perhaps defect to the Spanish. The banning of slavery inadvertently resulted in a deficit in the work force that limited Georgia's early economic growth. Many settlers began to oppose Oglethorpe and regarded him as "[their] perpetual dictator. " Many new settlers soon set their eyes on South Carolina as a less restrictive and, they hoped, a more profitable place to settle. South Carolina ( is a state in the southern region ( Deep South) of the United States of America. In 1750, after a series of political and military defeats, Oglethorpe lost his will to oppose slavery and the ban was lifted.
In 1739, during the War of Jenkins' Ear, fought between English Georgia and Spanish Florida as part of a larger conflict, the War of Austrian Succession, Oglethorpe was responsible for a number of successful raids on Spanish forts, as well as the unsuccessful siege of St. Augustine. The War of Jenkins' Ear was a conflict between Great Britain and Spain that lasted from 1739 to 1748 The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748 involved nearly all the powers of Europe St Augustine is the County seat of St Johns County, Florida, in the United States. Among his most valuable Indian allies in this siege was Ahaya (Cowkeeper), leader of the Alachua band of the Seminole tribe. Cowkeeper (ca 1710 &ndash 1783 is the English name of the first recorded chief of the Alachua band of the Seminole tribe
In 1745, Oglethorpe was promoted to the rank of major-general. Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries His conduct in connection with the Jacobite Rising of that year resulted in his court-martial, but he was acquitted. The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings rebellions and wars in the kingdoms of England, Kingdom of Scotland (later the United Kingdom of Great Britain A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a Military court. These military courts can determine Punishments for members of the Military subject In 1765, he was raised to the rank of general. He died at Cranham Hall, Cranham, England. Cranham is a place in the London Borough of Havering. It is a suburban development situated east north-east of Charing Cross.
Trivia
- Oglethorpe killed a man during a brawl, and was put in prison for five months. [2]
See also
He almost died in prison because there was barely any food for everyone. Fort Frederica National Monument, on St Simons Island Georgia, preserves the archaeological remnants of a fort and town built by James Oglethorpe between 1736 The Battle of Bloody Marsh took place on July 7 1742 The battle involved two forts Fort Frederica and Fort St
References
External links
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